Njengoko sisazi, izitshabalalisi kunye nezifo zinokuhlasela nasiphi na isityalo esinaso kwigadi yethu okanye kwigadi yethu. Esinye sezinambuzane ezinokuhlasela kakhulu iziqhamo zesitrasi umgodi wamagqabi we citrus. Ikwaziwa nangegama lomgodi wamagqabi okanye umsebenzi wasemgodini welamuni. Igama layo lezenzululwazi ngu I-Phyllocnistis citrella. Linundu elincinci elimbungu wayo ubaleka kumagqabi esitrasi. Inolawulo olunzima ngokwentelekiso, ke siza kukubonisa ezona ngcebiso zokuzisusa.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga ne-citrus leafminer, umjikelo wayo webhayoloji kwaye zeziphi iingcebiso ezilungileyo zokuzilahla.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Sisitshabalalisi ekunzima ukusilawula kuba ngokwendalo yaso kunzima ukuhlasela imibungu logama isitya amagqabi angaphakathi kwiigalari eziyenzayo. Sesinye sezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo ezihlasela i-citrus kwaye ngoko ke enye yezona zoyikwa kakhulu, kuba inokonakalisa kakhulu i-citrus ngokutya ijusi kwaye ingabavumeli ukuba bavelise amahlumelo amatsha, amagqabi okanye iziqhamo. ESpeyin, ngo-1993 yabangela esinye sezona zibetho eziye zathwaxwa leli lizwe ngenxa yokulinywa kwale mithi yeziqhamo.
Imazi endala yesi sinambuzane linundu elingwevu okanye elisilivere elimalunga nesiqingatha sesentimitha ubude. Ibeka amaqanda kuhlumelo ngexesha lokumila kwezityalo, kwaye xa amaqanda eqanduselwa, imibungu emincinci ingena ngaphantsi kwamagqabi.
Amaqanda ayabonakala kwaye kunzima ukuwabona ngeso lenyama, ngoko ke izinambuzane zichongwa ngokulula kwiigalari kwaye umsonto wokuzikhulula othi imibungu iwushiye emagqabini xa isitya. Xa ikhule ngokwaneleyo, yenza i-pupa kufuphi nomphandle wegqabi kwaye ibangela ukuba igqabi ligobe phezu kwe-pupa. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, abantu abadala bayavela, belungele ukuqalisa umjikelo wobomi basemgodini wesitrasi kwakhona.
Ukuba izitshabalalisi bezingekho ndlongondlongo kakhulu, abasebenzi basezimayini zesitrasi mhlawumbi bebenokufumana unyango lwendalo yonke, ekubeni ezi zinambuzane zineentshaba zazo zendalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sisitshabalalisi esimandundu, kuya kufuneka sithathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukonakaliswa okungaphezulu kwesityalo.
Umjikelo wephenological womsebenzi-mgodini wamagqabi esitrasi
Ngentwasahlobo, amabhinqa alala kuphela kumagqabi athambileyo e-citrus. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa, amaqanda ayaqandusela ize imibungu ingene ngaphakathi egqabi ize iqalise ukulitshabalalisa. Lonke uphuhliso lombungu lwenzeka ngaphakathi kwegqabi, luphele luphuphuma kwigumbi obulilungiselele ngaphambili.
Kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana amanani abo aphezulu angqamana nokuntshula kweziqhamo zesitrasi, enabona bantu baninzi ehlotyeni nasekwindla. Ngokufika kwengqele, ukuhluma kuyayeka, iimazi azikwazi ukubeka amaqanda, kwaye inani labasebenzi basezimayini liyehla. Xa kufika intwasahlobo, umthi uya kuhluma kwakhona kwaye abantu abaninzi baya kuqala ukuzala, kodwa umonakalo omkhulu awuyi kuqala kude kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Umgodi unesono kwaye uselubala, uveza umqolo welindle. Imibungu emininzi inokuhlala kwigqabi elinye. Amagqabi ajikeka ngamandla. Amagqabi aqengqelekayo anokuba yindawo yokusabela kwezinye izinambuzane.
Kumacandelo amathathu esiqhamo se-citrus, intwasahlobo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo, kuba yilapho amaninzi amaqabunga enziwa. Okwangoku, abasebenzi basezimayini basanda kuphuma ebusika kwaye abantu bambalwa kakhulu, ngoko ke ilahleko ayinanto kwaye ayichaphazeli ukuntshula kokuqala. Ngoko ke, kumthi omdala, umonakalo obangelwa yile nambuzane awubalulekanga, ngokungafaniyo nesityalo esincinci, apho ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwesityalo kuyancipha.
Unyango lwentshulube yegqabi lesitrasi
Sakuba sizazi iimpawu zomjikelo webhayoloji we-citrus leafminer, siza kudwelisa unyango olwahlukileyo olusebenzayo lwesi sitshabalalisi.
Ioyile yeNem
Ioli ye-Neem okanye i-Nim sesinye sezona zinambuzane zisetyenziswa kakhulu zendalo kunye nezendalo kunyango lwezinambuzane ezahlukeneyo. Enye yeenzuzo zayo eziphambili kukuba inokuhlala ixesha elide kwifektri, malunga neeveki ezi-3, ngoko ke ngaphezu kokuphelisa abavukuzi, kuya kuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwamanye ama-suckers. Nciphisa iimililitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ilitha nganye yamanzi, emva koko uwasebenzise ukunkcenkceshela izityalo.
Amarhamncwa endalo
Kwimeko yezityalo ezikhulu, ulawulo lwebhayoloji lwe-citrus leafminers lukhetho oluhle kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa i-lacewing okanye unomeva I-Diglyphus isaea. Kungakhathaliseki, olu lunyango olusebenzayo kodwa oluxabisa kakhulu olungafane lusetyenziswe kwizityalo ezincinci okanye izitiya. Ikwanjalo Bacillus thuringiensis, intsholongwane etya imibungu okanye imibungu.
Ingcongconi eqhelekileyo (I-Phylloscopus collybita) ngomnye umzekelo werhamncwa, nangona silikhankanya ngabanye kuba liyintaka, kungekhona ezinye izinambuzane okanye iintsholongwane. Le ntaka incinci itya imibungu yabasebenzi basemgodini wesitrasi, akwaziyo ukukhupha emagqabini ngaphandle kwengxaki, ekubeni sesinye sezidlo zakhe azithanda.
Isepha yePotassium kunye nepepile
Isepha ye-potassium sesinye isitshabalalisi se-ecological esisetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula izitshabalalisi ezahlukeneyo kuba ayiyotyhefu, iyabola kwaye ayinabungozi. Ukusebenzisa isepha ye-potassium kwi-citrus leaf worm akwahlukanga kunokuyisebenzisa nakwesiphi na isitshabalalisi.
- Nciphisa ngamanzi kwi-concentration ye-1% ukuya kwi-2%.
- Gcoba yonke indawo yesityalo, ubeke ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngaphantsi kwamagqabi.
- Sebenzisa kanye ngeveki ngenyanga, ngonyezi okanye ngorhatya, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukhuselwe emoyeni nasemvuleni.
Ipepile lelinye iyeza elikhulu lemigodi yesitrasi. Nantsi indlela yokwenza iipepile ze-lemon emgodini kunye nezinye iziqhamo zesitrasi:
- Faka imbewu yepepile emnyama epanini kwaye pheka malunga nemizuzu engama-20, ide inyibilike ngokupheleleyo.
- Qinisekisa ukuba ikhitshi linomoya owaneleyo xa usenza oku, kwaye lihluze emva kokuba lipholile.
- Tshiza i-infusion kumagqabi achaphazelekayo ngesitshizi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nomgodi weqabunga le-citrus kunye nendlela yokuwabulala.