IAlgarrobo: iimpawu, ukulima kunye nokugcina

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomthi osisiqhamo sawo siyaziwa kwaye siyathengiswa. Imalunga necarob. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu ICeratonia siliqua kwaye ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza. Isiphumo setshokholethi ekuthiwa yi carob sikhutshwa kwiimbotyi ze carob kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukwenza iilekese neetshokholethi kubantu abaneswekile

Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba ikhula njani i-carob kwaye yeyiphi iipropathi enayo?

Ikharob

Umthi we carob ngumthi oqhelekileyo kwingingqi yeMeditera ekwaziyo ukufikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezili-10. Amagqabi omthi we carob ebesetyenziswa njengokutya kwemfuyo ixesha elide. Kulo mthi kunokuthiwa yonke into iyasetyenziswa, kuba iinkuni zayo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ifanitshala yezandla kunye neenkuni zomlilo.

Indawo enemozulu yeMeditera eSpain Kulapho olu hlobo lomthi lukho kakhulu. Umvelisi wesibini yiPortugal, nangona iGrisi neMorocco zivelisa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu.

Kuba ingumthi ohlala kwiindawo zeMeditera, ifuna iimeko zemozulu ezinobulali ngakumbi kunxweme. Eyona ndawo inokusasazeka kakhulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane nolwandle ngobubanzi obumalunga ne-500 yeemitha ukuphakama. Ekulimeni ifana nemithi yeorenji kunye neyom-amangile.

Kuba ufuna amaqondo obushushu aphakathi abazixhathisi kakuhle iqabaka ngamaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-2 degrees. Ewe umthi we carob uzilungiselele ukumelana neqabaka ukuba amaqondo obushushu aya esihla. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba behla ngesiquphe, baya kuchaphazeleka ngakumbi. Kwelinye icala, umthi we carob uyachaphazeleka ngamaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwama 45 degrees ehlotyeni.

Izidingo

Lo mthi ukhula kwimihlaba eyomileyo neyomileyo edla ngokuba kokungaguquguquki okuphakathi okanye nokuba kukhululekile, nangona ingenangxaki ekukhuleni kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaba. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba xa uyinkcenkceshela, Umhlaba kufuneka ube nemithombo elungileyo yokuphepha amadama anokubakho oko kuyenza buthathaka kwaye kuphele ukubola. Xa oku kusenzeka, umthi we carob uthanda kakhulu ukungunda kunye nokubola kwengcambu.

Ukuba sifuna ukuqala ukutyala umthi we carob, kubalulekile ukwazi ezimpawu zemichiza yomhlaba ukuze sazi kakuhle ukuba siza kukwazi ukukhula kakuhle. Kubalulekile ukucoca i-debris ukusuka kwesinye isivuno sangaphambili.

Ukulungisa umhlaba ngokufanelekileyo, umhlaba ongaphantsi kufuneka ulinywe ngokunzulu kwicala elinye. Emva kweenyanga eziyi-1-2, kwenziwa elinye ikhuba elinzulu lokuwela owokuqala. Xa ikhuba ligqityiwe, isichumiso senziwa ngezinto zendalo ezivundiswe kakuhle kwaye ezine-phosphorus yokuququzelela ukukhula kweengcambu ekuqaleni.

Ukuze iqabaka lasebusika lingachaphazeli kakhulu, eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuqalisa ikhuba ekwindla, ukuze umthi we carob utyalwe ekupheleni kobusika.

Ukutyala

Nje ukuba amaqondo obushushu athambileyo afike ekupheleni kobusika, sizakuqala ukutyala umthi we carob. Kuba umthi ufikelela kubukhulu obukhulu, kumaxesha amandulo wawutyalwa kwizakhelo ezibanzi kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 × 20 yeemitha. Okwangoku, ukuze kusetyenziswe ngcono umhlaba, kukho ukutyekela ekunciphiseni iifreyimu zokutyala i-carob ukuze imithi ibe nenzuzo kwaye incinci.

Se recomienda kuphela kukho ukuxinana phakathi kwemithi eyi-80 ne-100 kwihektare nganye yomhlaba kunye nezakhelo phakathi kwe-8 × 8 kunye ne-10 × 10 yeemitha. Kuhlwayelwa ekupheleni kobusika ukunqanda iqabaka nemingxuma esuka kuma 30 × 50 ukuya kuma 60x80cm yenzelwa ukunkcenkceshela emva kokutyala.

Ngexesha leminyaka yokuqala emva kokuhlwayelwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba bankcenkceshelwe kahlanu okanye kathandathu. Akukho mfuneko yokunkcenkceshela ngamanzi amaninzi, kuba le mithi iyamelana nembalela. Zingathwala iziqhamo ngokugqibeleleyo ngemvula yonyaka eyi-220mm. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba kubalulekile ukuba kunethe ukuze inkqubo yeziqhamo ichaneke. Kuqikelelwa ukuba isixa semvula esifunekayo ukuze sikhule kakuhle yi-350mm ngonyaka.

Ngokubhekisele ekukhuleni komthi we carob, kunokuthiwa uyacotha, nangona uxhomekeke kwindawo apho ikhoyo. Ukuba ifunyanwa kwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu aphantsi akhoyo, umthi we carob wenza ixesha lokuphumla lasebusika ukonga amandla ukuze uphile.

Amanqanaba okukhula anokuba zimbini ukuya kwezintathu ngonyaka, entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Iqala ukuvelisa iziqhamo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ingaba imithi emiliselwe (ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-5-6) okanye ivela kwimbewu ngaphandle kokumiliselwa (ukusuka kwiminyaka esi-7 ukuya kweli-8). Ke imveliso elungileyo iqala ukubakho emva kweminyaka eli-10.

Ulondolozo ekufuneka lwenziwe phantse ngokunyanzelekileyo kukukhonjwa kwamasebe. Amasebe ahlala ekhula kwaye ande ngokuthe tye. Ke, Kungenzeka ukuba xa iziqhamo zikhula, ubunzima beembotyi ze-carob ziya kubangela ukuba amasebe aphule.

Ukulima kunye nokugcina

Ukulima umthi we carob, izinto ezininzi kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo njengokulima, umgquba kunye nokuthena.

Amakhuba

Kwindawo yokutyala yesiqhelo ye carob, amakhuba amabini ngonyaka ahlala enziwe ngaphezulu. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukwenza amakhuba amathathu, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ngokumba emazantsi emithi. Elinye lamakhuba lenziwa ekwindla, emva kokuvunwa, okwesibini ngo-Epreli kwaye ukuba kukho isithathu kuyakwenziwa ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kwesiqhamo, ngo-Agasti.

Ukupasa

Kuwo nawuphina umntu "wesikolo esidala", icarob ayifuni sichumiso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sifuna ukwandisa imveliso kunye nobukhulu obukhulu kunye nomgangatho, ukuchumisa kubalulekile. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlawule kube kanye phambi kokutyala umthi kwaye uqhubeke nokuwuhlawula rhoqo kwiminyaka emithathu. Ukubhalisela kufuneka kwenziwe xa kulinywe ukuwa. Esona sichumiso sihle kakhulu se carob es izinto eziphilayo kunye phosphorus.

Ukuthena

Iminyaka yokuqala yokukhula ayifuni naluphi na uhlobo lokuthena. Kwiminyaka emi-5 kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe izihlahla zokuqala ukususa iziqu ezimbi. Lo mthi awufuni kuthenwa ngokwawo, kodwa kubalulekile ukwenza njalo ukunika imithi imilo efanelekileyo kwaye igcinwe ubomi obude.

Ukwenza ukuthena, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba lomthi uyakuhlala uthwala isiqhamo kwindawo enye kwaye unovakalelo olukhulu kuhlaselo lwee-parasites kunye nezinambuzane zomthi, ngoko ke kufanelekile ukuthintela ukusika kakhulu.

Ukwenza ukusikwa kubalulekile ukufumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwezona zinto ziluncedo kakhulu kwisityalo nakwimveliso yaso. Ukuba ukuthena kwenziwa kakuhle, umthi uzakuvelisa ngakumbi, ube sempilweni kwaye wonyuse umgangatho kunye nobungakanani beembotyi ze carob.

Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuthena kukuwa kwangoko, kwangoko emva kokuvuna. Njengoko iintyatyambo ziphuma kwiindawo zamasebe, ukuthena iziqhamo akuyomfuneko njengakwiminye imithi. Kwanele nge ukuthenwa ukucoca yonke iminyaka emi-2 kunye nokuqina ngakumbi kuyo yonke iminyaka emi-5 okanye esi-7 ukulungisa ukungalingani kwindebe.

Sele uyazi kancinci malunga nomthi wecarob.