Umbhalisi wemithi yeminquma

Imithi yeminquma yeyona mithi mininzi eAndalusia ukuba sithetha ngezolimo ezinemvula. Banikezela ngeoyile yomnquma ukuba sempilweni kwaye idume kwiindawo ezininzi. Abanye bayibiza ngokuba "lulwelo lwegolide" ngenxa yombala wayo kunye nencasa elungileyo.

Iminquma ifuna njalo iimfuno zesondlo sezinto oyisebenzisayo kumjikelo wayo wonke wezityalo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha malunga nokuba yeyiphi imigquba efanelekileyo kakhulu kwiminquma kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo?

Izidingo zesondlo somthi womnquma

Umthi womnquma otyiswe kakuhle uza kuvelisa isivuno esingcono, uya kukhula amalungu amatsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye uxhathise ngakumbi (sithetha ngeengcambu ezomeleleyo, iziqu, amahlumelo kunye namagqabi) kwaye uya kuwomeleza amasebe neziqu zawo.

Umhlaba, ngesiqhelo, awunako ukubonelela ngesityalo esingapheliyo kunye nezondlo eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni nasekuveleni ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka sihlawule nikeza izondlo eziyimfuneko ngokusebenza okuphezulu.

Kuxhomekeke kwimeko yemozulu yendawo, imeko yomhlaba, uhlobo lomhlaba, njl. Umlimi kufuneka avelise isicwangciso sokubhalisela esihambelana nemeko leyo.

Inani le-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium ekhutshwa ngumthi womnquma rhoqo ngonyaka, kwi-1.000 kg nganye yomnquma eqokelelweyo, ifundwe ngabaphandi abaliqela, kwaye ingahluka phakathi kwala maxabiso alandelayo: 20kg / 1000 kg yeminquma yeNitrogen, I-5kg / 1000 kg yeminquma ye-phosphorus kunye ne-20-25 kg / 1000 kg yeminquma ye-potassium.

Kubalulekile ukuba wazi iimfuno zomthi womnquma kwaye wazi inqanaba lokufunxwa kwezakhamzimba kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo. Kuba igrafu yomnquma ubukhulu becala isekwe kwimihlaba ngokubanzi ehluphekileyo kwizinto eziphilayo, ukufumaneka kwe nitrogen ngenxa yokumbiwa kwayo kwezimbiwa kuya kunqaba. Ukudityaniswa komhlaba wamagqabi amadala kunye nezinye iintsalela zezityalo emthini kubonelela ngezinto eziphilayo kwixesha eliphakathi nelide.

Indima yezondlo kwimithi yeminquma

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuchumiseni umthi womnquma, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, yi-nitrogen. Oku kukhawulezisa umsebenzi wokukhula kunye nokukhula kwesityalo, sandise amandla aso okufumana ezinye izinto kunye nokuvelisa iminquma engaphezulu.

Initrogen

Initrogen ayizinzanga kakhulu emhlabeni, ke kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwiinkqubo zokuchumisa. Ukuba ichunyiswe kakhulu, ayizukunyusa umgangatho weoyile okanye imveliso, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, yonyusa ubuntununtunu kwiqabaka nezifo kwaye ilibazise ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo. Kwindawo yemveli yomnquma kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufake phakathi I-0,5 kunye ne-1 kg yeNitrogen / umthi, ngaphandle kokugqitha, nakweyiphi na imeko, i-150 kg yeNitrogen / ha.

Phosphorus

I-Phosphorus ibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-biochemical kwisityalo. Enkosi nge-phosphorus, umthi womnquma unokukhawulezisa ukukhula kunye nokuphucula ukudubula. Kwiindawo zaseSpain apho kulinywa khona imithi yeminquma akuqhelekanga ukufumana imihlaba ihlupheke kwi-phosphorus, ngoko ke ayizukuba yingxaki. Kwimeko yokusilela unakho galela i-0,5 kg phosphorus / umthi.

Potaziyam

Eli ziko lisebenza ekuthuthweni kweswekile kwisityalo, ukubila kunye nezinye iinkqubo zebhayoloji. Ngombulelo kwi-potassium, umthi womnquma unamandla okumelana neqabaka nezifo. Ukongeza, iphucula ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho weminquma. Indawo yeminquma iphendula kakuhle kwizicelo ze potassium phakathi kwe-1 ne-2 kg potassium / umthi.

Boro

I-Boron ihlala isilela kwimihlaba yelitye lekalika kunye nakwimihlaba eyomileyo. Imithi yeminquma engenayo i-boron eyaneleyo ineengxaki zokuqhakaza kweentyatyambo kunye neziqhamo. Uninzi lweminquma luya kuphuma lungalunganga.

Hierro

Intsimbi yenye into encinci ethi, njenge-boron, ibalulekile kumthi womnquma. Imithi echatshazelwe yintsimbi yeklorosis ibonisa iimpawu zeklorosis kumagqabi.

Izinto zesekondari

Okokugqibela, sifumana izinto eziziisekondari ezinje ngecalcium engahlali ihoywa kakhulu, kodwa ekwanokubaluleka kwayo, ukusukela kumnquma ifuna ingxinano eyaneleyo yecalcium kwaye zikwimo enyibilikayo.

Ke ngoko, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba, ukuze imithi yethu yeminquma ibe sempilweni kwaye isebenze ngcono, kufuneka sizinike izondlo ngokomgangatho ofanelekileyo.