Umthi wom-amangile ngumthi weziqhamo odubula kwangoko, nto leyo ikwenza woyike iqabaka yasentwasahlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ezixhathisayo zinokuvelisa kwimozulu epholileyo. Iialmond zayo zingadliwa zintsha, okanye zigcinwe zomile, ngendlela efanayo ziyimithombo enomdla yeprotheni, kunye nefiber kunye ne-magnesium. Umthi wom-amangile ngumthi omncinci, owomeleleyo onomkhuba othe tye, oye ujikeleze ngobudala, ufikelele kubude obuyi-5 ukuya kwi-6 m.
Amagqabi ayo a-lanceolate kwaye anciphile kakhulu, iintyatyambo zawo zifika emthini kwangoko (ukususela ngoFebruwari kumantla we-hemisphere). Zipinki okanye zimhlophe ngombala, kwaye zintshula kumasebe angekaveliswa umthi. Boyika iqabaka yasentwasahlobo, enyanisweni bawela malunga -2 ukuya -3 ° C, ngoko ke ukwazi ixesha lokutyala umthi kubalulekile. Umthi wom-amangile ukhula kuwo wonke umhlaba ongenamanzi, nkqu ne-calcareous, ngaphandle kokuba kufume kakhulu okanye kunodongwe.
Iintlobo zemithi yealmondi
Kukho malunga namashumi amathathu kubo. Ziyahlulwa ikakhulu ngobulukhuni beqokobhe. Okukhona ithambile, kokukhona iqhekeka ngokulula ukukhulula imbewu. Nangona uninzi lwemithi ye-almond ikhuliswe kwimimandla yeMeditera, inxalenye enkulu i-self-steril, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukutyala iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kunye nomgama weemitha ezili-15 ukusuka komnye nomnye egadini yakho.
Ngenxa yeentyatyambo zayo zakuqala, uloyiko lweqabaka kade, nto leyo enokuthintela ukuqhama okulungileyo. Ke ngoko, imithi ye-almond etyatyamba kade iyacetyiswa ukuba ityalwe kwimimandla enemozulu yelizwekazi.
- Zonke kwenye: I-almond ethambileyo eneqokobhe elibukhali kakhulu. Ukuzingca.
- ferraduel: I-almond eqinile. Idubula kade kakhulu.
- iiferragnes: I-almond eqinile. Intyatyambo efanayo 'njengeFerraduel' enxulunyaniswa nayo kumvumvuzelwano.
- ULaurane: Iqokobhe elilukhuni, i-almond encinci. Ukuzingca.
- I-almond encinci: Iindidi ezinqabileyo, ezinokukhuliswa ezimbizeni.
- UAlmendro Princess: iintyatyambo zakuqala ukusuka phakathi kuFebruwari ukuya ekupheleni kukaMatshi. Ivelisa kakhulu
Uwutyala nini umthi wom-amangile?
Uza kutyalwa nini umthi wom-amangile? Kunconywa phakathi kwehlobo kunye nekwindla, ubusika bufutshane kuba buqhakaza ngoFebruwari. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ingcwatywe nzulu kwaye igcine indawo yokuxhunyelelwa phezu komhlaba. Kumhlaba ofumileyo okanye ongakhutshwanga kakuhle, ingatyalwa endulini. Ngumthi ofuna ubusika obufutshane kunye nehlobo elishushu. Iyamkela nawuphi na umhlaba ococekileyo: iyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso, kodwa ayinyamezeli nawaphi na amanzi amaninzi emhlabeni.
Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu -2 ukuya ku-4 ° C kwaye iziqhamo zayo ezithambileyo zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza ukuba izinga lokushisa liyehla ngaphantsi kwe-0 ° C. Kwiindawo ezibandayo, kubalulekile ukutshala umthi we-almond kwindawo enelanga nekhuselekileyo. Iziqhamo zivunwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuya ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba.
Ungatyala njani umthi wom-amangile
Umthi wom-amangile, nokuba uthengwa ingcambu engenanto okanye embizeni, utyalwa ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuAprili. Ukuba ayinakutyalwa kwiintsuku ezisi-8, kucetyiswa ukuba ishiywe kwindawo enomthunzi kwigadi yakho. Ukuyityala, landela la manyathelo:
- Ukukhulula umhlaba, yomba umngxuma malunga ne-50-60 cm ubunzulu kunye ne-80-100 cm ububanzi. Susa amatye, ukhula, neengcambu.
- Gcwalisa umngxuma phakathi ngomhlaba kunye nomgquba ovundisiweyo (izandla ezibini) ukuxuba nomhlaba (i-1 ukuya kwi-2 scoops).
- Ukugcina imithi isempilweni, cheba iingcambu zemithi yeziqhamo.
- Gcwalisa umngxuma wokutyala nge-compost (isandla sokuxutywa nomhlaba) kwaye ukhumbule uku-ankile umthi ukuwugcina ume nkqo.
- Beka intamo yomthi weziqhamo kumgangatho ophantsi (ochongwe ngomlebe kwisiphambuka sengcambu-isiqu), uze ugcwalise umngxuma.
- Sika amasebe omthi wom-amangile abe malunga ne-25-30 cm ubude ukusuka esiqwini, kukhethwa ngaphezu kwehlumela elibekwe ngaphandle kwamasebe kwaye ugcine kuphela amasebe amathathu ukuya ku-3 abekwe ngcono.
Ukugcinwa komthi wom-amangile
Unyaka emva kokuba utyale umthi wakho wom-amangile, kufuneka uwuyeke ukhule ngokwemvelo ukuze uwunike ixesha lokuqhelana. Lo mthi weziqhamo udubula kumthi wonyaka omnye kwaye uthenwa kancinci kangangoko. Unyaka ngamnye unyango lunokwenziwa ekupheleni kobusika, emva koko emva kweentyantyambo, kunyango lokuthintela, ukuphepha ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezifana i-moniliosis.
Ukugcina ukuchuma komhlaba, unyaka ngamnye kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze igalelo le-organic fertilizer ekwindla, elandelwa entwasahlobo ngumnikelo we-fertilizer ekhethekileyo yemithi yeziqhamo.
Izifo zomthi wom-amangile
Imithi yealmondi ayiyomithi emihle nje evuthulukayo, kodwa inezondlo kwaye inencasa, nto leyo ekhokelela kubalimi abaninzi ukuba bayikhulise. Nangona kunjalo, nangona benyanyekelwa kakuhle, basengozini kwizigulo zabo. Xa unyanga imithi ye-almond enesifo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela iimpawu zokuchonga ukuba sesiphi isifo esichaphazela umthi.
Band canker
Sisifo sokungunda esasinqabile ngaphambili. Namhlanje, abalimi abarhweba bachaphazeleka ngokukodwa, njengoko iimpawu zesifo se-almond zibonakala kwimingxuma yendalo kwimithi kunye namanxeba okuthena kumasebe. Zixhaphake ngakumbi emva kwesaqhwithi, xa i-spores isasazwa kungekuphela nje ngumoya, kodwa nangama-splashes emvula.
Umhlaza weCeratocystis
Abalimi borhwebo bealmondi banokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi yiCeratocystis canker. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "shaker's disease."njengoko ifumaneka rhoqo kumonzakalo wezityalo. Iimpukane zeziqhamo nooqongqothwane batsaleleka kwinxeba lalo mthi baze basasaze izifo zokungunda.
Isifo somngxuma weembumbulu
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-almonds emva kwexesha lokukhula kunye ibonakala njengezilonda ezincinci ezimnyama emagqabini. Izilonda nazo zingonakalisa amantongomane kwaye, nangona zingathandeki, azichaphazeli i-flavour. I-nuclei yamabala ayabola njengoko ikhula, ishiya umngxuma ofana nethagethi yepellet.
Kulula kakhulu ukutyala umthi wom-amangile, ukuba kwenziwa ngokulandela amanyathelo esiwabonisileyo.