I-Yerba mate sisityalo esaziwayo ngokwesayensi njengeParaguay holly. Kuye kwabakho ukususela kumaxesha amandulo kwaye inxalenye yesithethe sokupheka. Iyaziwa ngencasa yayo ekrakra kancinci kunye neenzuzo zayo ekunyangeni izigulo ezithile zempilo. Isasazeka ngokwemvelo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabemi baseParaná kunye ne-Alto Uruguay, apho ivela khona. Kamva, yalinywa ngomlinganiselo olungelelanisiweyo kwaye yaba sesona sithako siphambili kwiziselo eziqhelekileyo. I-Yerba mate igcine udumo lwayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi kumazwe aseMzantsi Melika anjengePanama, iArgentina, iBrazil, iParaguay, iUruguay kunye neChile, apho iluphawu lwenkcubeko yabo. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi abazi yintoni yerba mfondini.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siza ukunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela ukuba yintoni iqabane yerba, yintoni iimpawu zayo kunye nokhathalelo oluphambili oluyidingayo.
Yintoni yerba mfondini
Ngumthi ophantsi kwetropikhi kwihlathi laseParaná, kwaye endle ukhula kwiintshinyela zase-Alto Uruguay, i-Alto Paraná Basin kunye ne-tributaries yoMlambo waseParaguay. Kwindalo inokufikelela kubude obuziimitha ezili-15, ngelixa emasimini iba sisityholo esincinci esine-11 cm ubude kunye ne-branched trunk. ngorhwebo, Ikhuliswa eArgentina, eyona mveliso inkulu ehlabathini yerba mate, ilandelwa yiBrazil kunye neParaguay.
Ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza ongawi ekwindla, kwaye amagqabi ahlala malunga neminyaka emithathu kwisityalo. Amasebe aphuma emthini ekwiengile ezichanekileyo, enenaliti, amagqabi aluhlaza anencam ezingcakacileyo kunye nemithambo emthubi ephawulwe kakhulu. Ifumana iqabane kumagqabi awo omileyo asemhlabeni kunye namasebe, ukufakelwa okudumileyo okuvela eParaguay, eArgentina, emazantsi eBrazil, eBolivia, eUruguay naseChile.
Ngexesha leentyantyambo (ngo-Oktobha-Novemba) ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe, imizekelo yamadoda ineentyatyambo ezi-3 ukuya kwe-11 kunye neemazi ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-11 iintyatyambo ezikhululekile kwi-dioecious nganye. Isiqhamo sivuthwa ngo January ukuya ku March kwaye simfusa, sibebomvu okanye sibemnyama xa sivuthiwe. Ukuvunwa kweyerba mate kwenziwa ngesandla, ukuqala ngoJanyuwari ukuya kuMeyi ukuya kutsho ngoSeptemba. Emva kokuvuna, umthi we-yerba mate uya kukhula amagqabi amaninzi.
Iipropati kunye nendawo yokuhlala
Esi sityalo sifumaneka kwiindawo ezitshisayo okanye ezishushu apho kukho ukufuma kunye nemvula eninzi, efana neentaba kunye namahlathi anemiwonyo. Ngokuphathelele umhlaba, ikhetha udongwe okanye isanti, kunye ne-asidi ethile. Iqhuba kakuhle kwiindawo ezisezantsi ezinemijelo eyaneleyo kunye nobunzulu. Kwakhona kwezo ndawo apho kukho umhlaba odumileyo obomvu okanye obomvu. Oku kubonelela ngezondlo ezifana ne-lateite kunye neeminerali ezahlukeneyo ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuqhelekileyo.
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo ze-yerba mate yi-antioxidants yayo. Ngoko ke, isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuguga kweeseli. Ikwahlaziya ukhuseleko lwemvelo lomzimba kwaye ikhusela izifo zentliziyo, kuba inciphisa oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-cholesterol embi.
Yerba iqabane iqulethe caffeine kunye theophylline, leyo ukuvuselela inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye nokuvuselela umsebenzi wengqondo kunye nokugxila. Iiminerali ezifana ne-potassium zibalulekile ukuze intliziyo isebenze kakuhle. Ikwanemagnesium efanelekileyo ukunceda umzimba ukufunxa iiproteni. Iqulethe i-amino acids kunye neevithamini ze-B, eziyimfuneko kwimveliso yamandla.
Ezinye iimpawu zokukhusela impilo yesityalo yi-diuretic, depurative, vasoconstrictor, bronchodilator, laxative kunye neempawu zokuphilisa. Kuthiwa ukuvuselela umsebenzi wokuqonda.
Ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-yerba mate
Iqabane le-Yerba lingasasazwa ngembewu, kodwa oku akukho lula njengoko kufuna inkqubo enzima. Imbewu iqokelelwa kwisiqhamo somama wesityalo kunye emva koko zityalwe kwakhona kwindawo elawulwayo. Xa izithole zihluma, zifudukela kwindawo enkulu apho zigqibezela khona ukubumba. Ukuba ufuna ukuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza, unokwenza ngokusika, iileyile kunye nokuxutywa. I-pollination yenziwa zizinambuzane.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeziselo zilungiswa ukusuka kumagqabi omisiweyo kunye nomhlaba kunye namasebe alo sityalo. I-Mate, i-tereré kunye ne-cocido zigqamile, kodwa elona lidumileyo liqabane. EArgentina naseUruguay ityiwa njengeswiti. Kwamanye amazwe afana neParaguay, ityiwa ikrakra okanye ngobisi olushushu xa kunetha.
Le infusion yenziwa ngamanzi ashushu kunye loose yerba mate. Kungcono ukuba ithathwe kwisikhongozelo esenziwe ngamaplanga okanye izinto ezifanayo kunye ne-straw, icuba okanye ibhalbhu yesibane. UTereré unxiliswe kwiguambá, isitya esenziwe ngomthi okanye uphondo. Oku kuqhelekile eParaguay kwaye ilungiswa ikakhulu ngamanzi omkhenkce ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu. I-Mint okanye i-orenji okanye i-lemon zest ihlala yongezwa.
I-cocido liqabane elibilisiweyo le-yerba. Emva kokubilisa, cima kwaye ungeze iswekile. Ithathwa ngobisi. EParaguay isetyenziselwa indawo yekofu yasekuseni. Ngaphezu kweziselo, amaqabane kunye ne-trere zizithethe kwi-Southern Cone. Kukho isiko okanye isenzo sentlalo sokuzifunxa. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisiselo esikhethiweyo, kuthiwa yiTererada okanye iMateada. Kubandakanya ukwabelana nabahlobo okanye usapho oludibana kwaye luncokole. Bonke abakhoyo basela kwisikhongozeli esinye kunye neendiza ezifanayo.
Ekubeni lisiko, linemigaqo yalo kwaye limele lihlonelwe. Ukuba umenyiwe umntu, oko kuthetha ukuba iqela liyamxabisa yaye ufuna ukwabelana naye ngalo. Yayingamava asondeleleneyo, amnandi kwaye anentsingiselo kubo bonke ababelana ngayo.
Abona bavelisi abakhulu be-yerba mate ehlabathini yiArgentina, iBrazil kunye neParaguay. Ilizwe elingenisa kakhulu i-yerba mate yiUruguay, ilandelwa yiChile neUnited States. I-yerba mate yaseArgentina ithengwa kakhulu yiSyria. Ilizwe lesibini yiChile, kodwa ngenani elincinane kakhulu.
Izinzuzo
I-Yerba mate ilungile kakhulu kwimpilo yakho kwaye apha sikubonisa ezinye zezibonelelo zayo kumzimba.
- Iti ye-Yerba mate ixhasa impilo ye-cardiovascular kuba iqulethe ixabiso eliphezulu le-antioxidants, enokuthintela izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zentliziyo, kunye nokulawula i-cholesterol kunye nokuthintela amafutha ukuba aqokelele kwi-artery.
- Ikwanyusa i-cholesterol elungileyo, ethintela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
- Inceda ukucothisa inkqubo yokuguga kuba i-antioxidants yayo ikhusela ukunxiba kweeseli kunye ne-oxidation
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni iqabane yerba kunye neempawu zayo.