Nakuba ifana ngokubukeka nephayini yaseCanary Island ku-morphology yayo, i- I-Pinus roxburghii noma uphayini we-Himalayan uhlobo oluhlukile okunzima kakhulu ukulibona ngaphandle kwendawo odabuka kuyo. Kodwa kuyathakazelisa ukwazi.
Ngakho-ke, sizokhuluma ngezinye zezici zayo ezivelele kakhulu kanye nenani elikhulu lezinkuni zalo.
Umsuka kanye nendawo yemvelo ye-Pinus roxburghii
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chir pine noma i-Himalayan red pine, isihlahla esitholakala esifundeni esiseningizimu ye-Asia. Indawo yayo ihlanganisa izintaba zaseNepal, India, Bhutan, Pakistan naseChina.
Ikhula ezindaweni ezisezintabeni ezisendaweni ephakeme phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1.200 kanye nezi-3.600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthola ama-specimens ezindaweni eziphansi, ngoba inekhono elihle lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zezulu nomhlaba.
Iwuhlobo olukwazi ukumelana nesomiso nesithwathwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inenani elibalulekile lezomnotho ngoba ukhuni lwalo lusetshenziselwa ukwenza ifenisha noma izindlu.
Izici zomzimba ezihlukanisa i-Pinus roxburghii
Ubuhle bayo bungase bufane namanye amaphayini, ngakho-ke kufanele ukubhekisise futhi uhlole lezi zici ukuze wazi ukuthi, ngempela, Sibheka isibonelo sikaphayini wase-Himalaya.
Ubude nokuma
Sikhuluma ngesihlahla esikhulu, ngokuvamile Ihlala phakathi kwamamitha angama-20 no-40 ubude, kodwa ingafinyelela ku-50.
Ukuma kwayo kuyi-conical noma i-pyramidal ngesikhathi sobusha bayo. Njengoba isihlahla sikhula, Ukwakheka kwawo kuba yindilinga futhi amagatsha awo anda ngokuqhubekayo.
Isiqu
I-Pinus roxburghii inesiqu esiqondile, esiyisilinda lapho ungabona khona amagxolo aminyene, anamaxolo ahluka ngombala kusuka kompunga okumnyama kuya kokubomvu ngokubomvu. Ngakho-ke isiteketiso sikaphayini obomvu we-Himalayan.
Njengokuvamile ngezihlahla zikaphayini, njengoba isihlahla siguga, Amagxolo ayaqhekeka futhi abe mabi futhi abe mabi.
Kushiya
Lona uphayini onamaqabunga amade, ngoba ngalinye lingalinganisa phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-15 no-20. Lawa amahlamvu amise okwenaliti abukeka njengezinaliti ezacile, ezicijile, futhi ayaphikelela. Leyo Zihlala esihlahleni iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokuwa.
Zigqama ngombala wazo oluhlaza okotshani kanye nemiphetho ehleleke kahle. Kodwa isici sabo esiyinhloko ukuthi bahlelwe ngama-fascicles amathathu, Lona umehluko omkhulu namaphayini weNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, futhin lapho amaqabunga aqoqwe ngama-fascicles amabili ngamabili.
Izikhukhula
Njengoba kuvamile ezihlahleni zikaphayini, endabeni ye-Pinus roxburghii azikho izimbali ezinjengalezi, uma sikuqonda lokhu njengokuthuthukiswa kokubukisa nokubukisayo. eshayayo esesiyijwayele kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.
Uphayini une-strobili yesilisa neyesifazane, okuyizakhiwo zokuzala ezenza impova bese iba amacones noma amacones.
Iphayinaphu noma imbewu yembewu
Imbewu yekhoni ye-Pinus roxburghii inkhulu ngosayizi, ivamise ukuba phakathi kwamasentimitha ayisikhombisa kuya kwangu-15. Nge isici se-ovoid noma i-cylindrical shape eneziphetho eziyindilinga zikaphayinaphu.
Uma zingavuthiwe, izigaxa ziba luhlaza futhi zibe nokuthungwa okubushelelezi. Njengoba zikhula, umbala wazo uba nsundu futhi ukwakheka kwawo kuba ngokhuni futhi kubi.
Ikhoni ngayinye yakhiwe ngezikali ezihlukene zokhuni ezihlelwe ngokuzungeza i-axis emaphakathi, futhi isikali ngasinye sinamathiselwe eksisi ngesiqu esincane. Kuphakathi kwalezi zigaxa lapho kutholakala khona imbewu enamaphiko. (amantongomane kaphayini), akhululwa lapho isigaxa sivuthwa futhi sivuleka. Zibizwa ngokuthi “zinamaphiko” ngoba zihlakazwa ukusebenza komoya.
Ikhoni likaphayini Kungesinye isibonelo sendlela imvelo emangalisa ngayo, njengoba iyizakhiwo eziklanyelwe ukuvikela imbewu ngenkathi ikhula. Zizikhulula kuphela uma izimo zilungele ukuhluma kwazo.
Lo phayini awutheli izithelo kanjalo, kodwa imbewu yawo noma amantongomane kaphayini ayadliwa futhi aziswa kakhulu ngokuba nomsoco, amafutha anempilo, amaprotheni namaminerali. Angadliwa kokubili aluhlaza futhi agazingiwe. Empeleni, ukuqoqa amantongomane kaphayini obomvu we-Himalayan Kungumsebenzi obalulekile wezomnotho kwezinye zezifunda lapho lolu hlobo lukhula khona. Ngoba amantongomane kaphayini abuye asetshenziswe ekwenzeni amafutha nemikhiqizo yezimonyo nemithi.
Isihlahla esaziswa kakhulu ngokhuni lwaso
I-Pinus roxburghii inokhuni lwekhwalithi enhle olwaziswa kakhulu ezimbonini nasezimbonini ezihlukahlukene:
- Ukwakha. Isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemishayo, amakholomu, i-decking, iminyango namafasitela amafreyimu, uphahla kanye nezingubo, phakathi kokunye, ngenxa yokuthi izinkuni eziqinile ezinempilo ende ewusizo.
- Ifenisha. Ngenxa yobuhle bayo, ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukusebenza kanye nekhono layo lokumelana nokuguqulwa, izinkuni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni zonke izinhlobo zefenisha.
- Ukubaza nokuhlanganisa. Ochwepheshe abasebenza ngokhuni, ukhuni oluvela kuphayini we-Himalaya lungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kulula ukusebenza futhi zingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto ezinhle ezifana nokubunjwa, amafreyimu ezithombe ngisho nezithombe eziqoshiwe.
- Ukupakisha. Okunye ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kokhuni lwe-Pinus roxburghii ukwenza imikhiqizo yokupakisha efana namabhokisi noma ama-pallets. Ukungazweli futhi nokuba nokuqina okuhle, kuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuvikela nokuthutha imikhiqizo ehlukene.
- Okokhelekayo. Kwezinye izifunda, lolu khuni lusetshenziswa njengamafutha okushisa nokupheka. Njengoba inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-resin, ivutha kalula futhi ikhiqize ukushisa kahle.
- Imboni yamaphepha. I-Himalayan red pine wood pulp iphinde isetshenziselwe ukwenza iphepha kanye nemikhiqizo yephepha egaywe kabusha. Ngoba iyifayibha ende futhi imelana eyenza iphepha libe nekhwalithi.
I-Pinus roxburghii iyinhlobonhlobo eyaziswa kakhulu ngamantongomane ayo kaphayini nokhuni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla esiwumbukwane. Ubusumazi?