Kuyini ukufakelwa futhi kwenzelwani?

Enye yezindlela zokusabalalisa izitshalo ngokuxhunyelelwa, inqubo edinga amakhono athile engadini njengoba ibandakanya ukuhlanganisa izitshalo ezimbili noma ingxenye yesitshalo esisodwa kwesinye.

Lesi sitshalo esithola okuxhunywayo saziwa njengephethini ngenkathi isiqeshana sesiqu noma ihlumela elifakwe kuleli phethini laziwa njengesixhunyelelwano noma ukuhlukahluka. Kepha kwenziwa kanjani?

Kuyini ukufakelwa?

Kuyindlela enconywe kakhulu lapho ufuna ukubuyabuyelela kufane ncamashi nezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zokuqala. Kungakho isetshenziswa kabanzi ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa ngoba umqondo ukuthi izitshalo zesikhathi esizayo zinezici ezifanayo futhi zibukeka zifana nezokuqala. Ezinye izibonelo ngama-conifers athile nezinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla zomsayipresi.

Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi le ndlela yokuphindaphinda isetshenziswe endabeni yezihlahla zezithelo, futhi yile ndlela okuvamile ngayo ukuthi izimpande zibe ngezinhlobo eyodwa nesiqu noma amagatsha akolunye.

Ukukhethwa kwale ndlela akuyona into eyenzekile ngoba ama-graft vumela ukusizakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo eziqinile futhi ezinezici ezithakazelisayo ngoba yibo abahlinzeka impande okuthi ngenxa yamandla ayo inganqoba izimo ezingezinhle. Ukuxhunyelelwa kuyasetshenziswa futhi uma ufuna ukuthola izinhlobo ezincane zesitshalo, okuthile okubalulekile uma unendawo elinganiselwe.

Ama-graft akhethwa lapho ufuna ukuthola izitshalo zokuhlobisa noma izihlahla zezithelo ezahlukahlukene. Ngemuva kwalokho lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-graft amaningi kuyenziwa, okubandakanya ukufezekisa ukuthi isitshalo esifanayo sinezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali noma izithelo. Yini enye, le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho ukubuyabuyelela ngokusika noma ngembewu kungenzeki, noma uma ufuna ukuvuselela isihlahla esidala.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokufakelwa ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana, okuyilezi:

I-Yolk

Kuyaziwa nangokuthi yi-gusset graft noma i-English graft, futhi iqukethe i- ukwethula ucezu lwamagxolo kusuka ohlakeni ngaphansi kwegxolo lesiqu sesitshalo esisebenza njengephethini. Ukwenza lokhu, okwenziwayo kuqala ukusika igxolo elincane, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi ngesimo se-T, faka okuxhunywayo bese ubagcina behlangene ne-tape yokuxhunyelelwa izinsuku ezingama-20. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, uzoba nesitshalo esihlanganisiwe.

Ungakwenza maphakathi / ngasekupheleni kobusika.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ungayenza kanjani ihlumela lokuhluma

Sika

Noma okubizwa nangokuthi i-spike graft, iqukethe ukufaka esikhundleni ukuphela kwesiqu sesitshalo esisebenza njengephethini ngokuxhunyelelwa okunamahlumela athile. Ukukufeza, okwenziwayo yikho usike esinye isiqu, wenze isigaxa esimise okwe-V, bese ufaka isigxivizo. Ekugcineni, zibanjwa ndawonye nge-raffia tape ngokwesibonelo, noma nge-adhesive ethile.

Isikhala esilula

Kwenziwa lapho iphethini nokuxhunyelelwa kunobubanzi obufanayo. Okwakho, iphethini lisikwa liye ekuphakameni okufunwayo, bese kusikwa kwenziwa enkabeni, bese ekugcineni kufakwa ukufakelwa i-bevel eyayinqunywe nhlangothi zombili.

Izitshalo ezisekela le ndlela izihlahla nezihlahlana, futhi kwenziwa ebusika uma zinqabile, noma entwasahlobo uma zihlala ziluhlaza.

Ukuhlukanisa kabili

Kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo neyangaphambilini. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi esikhundleni sokukhetha okukodwa, amabili.

Kuyasiza kakhulu ukuvuselela izihlahla, noma ukushintsha izinhlobo.

Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesiNgisi

Kwenziwa ngokuxhunyelelwa kwegatsha elinonyaka owodwa, enobubanzi obukhulu obungamasentimitha ama-2 kanye ne-pair of buds. Kokubili nephethini kufanele kusikwe ebhentshini, bese kwethulwa igatsha ngaphakathi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ama-cambiums womabili ayahlangana. Ukuqedela, zihlanganiswa neribhoni ye-raffia.

UDe corona

Futhi, okubizwa nangokuthi ngokuxhunyelelwa kwegxolo, kufanele kutholakale ebusika, ngokwenza okusikiwe kwotho, kugcinwe efrijini kumanzi kancane, kusongwe ephepheni lasekhishini bese kufakwa kupulasitiki kuze kufike intwasahlobo. Kamuva, amagxolo ahlukaniswa kancane kuphethini, futhi umuthi uyafakwa.

Yebhuloho

Luhlobo oluthakazelisa kakhulu lokuxhunyelelwa lapho amagxolo esiqu elimele ohlangothini olulodwa. Ipiki kufanele iqoqwe ebusika, bese igcinwa efrijini kuze kufike intwasahlobo, isongwe ngephepha noma ephepheni bese ifakwa kupulasitiki. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, isilonda siyasuswa size sifike ezicutshini ezinempilo, futhi izingcwecwe zenziwa zombili ngenhla nangaphansi kwaso, ububanzi obufanayo nobezipikisi noma ubungcweti. Amathini abe esefakwa ngaphansi kwezinothi, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imiphetho iyaxhumana.

Indlela

Ngokuyinhloko, iqukethe ukushisela amagatsha amabili ezitshalo akhula ndawonye noma asondelene kakhulu. Kwalokhu, kususwa ucezu lwamagxolo kukho kokubili, icishe ilingane ngosayizi nangobude obulinganayo, bese inamathiselwa nge-raffia tape noma nge-graft tape.

Indlela yokwenza ufakelo ezihlahleni zezithelo?

Izihlahla zezithelo yizitshalo ezixhunyelelwa kaningi kakhulu, kungaba ukuthola izithelo ezingcono, noma ukuhlukahluka okumelana kakhulu nezimo zendawo, isibonelo. Kepha kufanele sikhumbule njalo ukuthi kubalulekile ukwazi kahle izinhlobo esifuna ukuzozixhuma, ngoba uma zingezona ezomndeni owodwa noma, zingcono, zivela kubulili obufanayo, lezo zihlaka ngeke ziphumelele.

Ngamanye amagama: bangaxhunyelelwa Izihlahla zama-cherry ngezihlahla ze-alimondi ngokwesibonelo, ngoba zombili zingezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-Prunus; kepha kuzobe kungasizi ngalutho ukufakela umango ku umuthi we-apula, kwazise eyokuqala iMangifera, eyesibili nguMalus.

Kodwa-ke, kunezihlahla ezithile zezithelo ezingafakwa kuphela kwezinye eziyizinhlobo ezifanayo. Zingaba izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kepha kufanele zabelane ngengxenye enkulu yemvelo yazo. Ngakho-ke, sinezihlahla zama-apula, izihlahla zama-cherry, ama-persimmon, ukwatapheya, amantongomane, izihlahla zama-walnut, iminqumo, amapomegranati kanye pistachios ukuthi bazokwamukela kuphela okuxhunywe 'ezihlotsheni' zabo eziqonde kakhulu.

Uma ubheka konke lokhu, izihlahla zezithelo zifakwa kanjani? Yebo, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kepha okusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuqhekeka kabili. Masazi igxathu negxathu ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani:

1. Okokuqala, amagatsha amabili azoxhunywa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho eqala ukuhluma, engela cishe ngama-degree angama-45.
2. Okulandelayo, i-indenti yenziwa kuphethini.
3. Amagatsha bese ethulwa futhi enamathiselwe nge-tape yokuxhunyelelwa.
4. Ekugcineni, kuzodingeka ulinde cishe inyanga ukuze ususe iteyipu.

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