Kulula ukucabanga ngebhishi lapho kukhulunywa ngenhlabathi eyisihlabathi. Futhi-ke, kule ndawo ngokuvamile akukho lutho, okungenani hhayi olwandle. Vele, lokhu bekungeke kube ngenye indlela, ngoba lapho isitshalo sikhula eduze nolwandle, izakhi zomzimba ezingaphansi ezizokwazi ukuzithola futhi ngokushesha kakhulu kuzodingeka zivumelane nemvelo enesamba esikhulu sikasawoti.
Kodwa iqiniso yilokho kunezinhlobo eziningi zesihlabathi, ngakho-ke alukho uhlobo olulodwa lwenhlabathi eyisihlabathi. Ngalesi sizathu, sinethuba lokwakha ingadi enhle kulowo mhlabathi. Kungadingeka ukwenza ukuthuthuka okuthile, kepha ngokuqinisekile akunangqondo ukucabanga ipharadesi lezitshalo elincane endaweni enjalo.
Izici zenhlabathi enesihlabathi
Isithombe - Flickr / Matt Lavin // Sonoran Desert.
Umhlabathi onesihlabathi unamaphesenti amaningi kakhulu esihlabathi (ngaphezu kuka-70%), onama-granulometry aphakathi kuka-0,004 no-2mm. Okuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo kungaphansi kakhulu, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi uhlobo lomhlabathi onamapayipi amahle kakhulu.. Njengoba ilula futhi ingena kakhulu, amanzi ahlunga ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha lokhu futhi kuyinkinga, njengoba kugcina umswakama ngokulambisa, ukuze izitshalo kuphela ezinezidingo eziphansi zokudla okunempilo zikwazi ukukhula kuwo.
Ngokwomsuka wesihlabathi, zihlukaniswa nezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene:
- Isihlabathi esine-Alluvial: yiyo ethuthwa ngamanzi, njengaleyo yomfula. Ayigugile kangako, ngakho-ke inhlobonhlobo enkulu yezitshalo ingakhula kuyo.
- Isihlabathi somoya: icebile nge-quartz noma nge-carbonates, futhi yiyo umoya oyifaka, ngokwesibonelo, ezindundumeni nasemabhishi.
- Isihlabathi esisele: kungumphumela wokugqokwa kwamatshe acebile nge-granite, i-quartz noma i-sandstone.
Izinhlobo zenhlabathi eyisihlabathi
Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa nendawo esikuyo, singahlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi yesihlabathi:
Izindawo ezomile
Inhlabathi eyisihlabathi ezindaweni ezomile imvamisa icebile nge-quartz noma nge-carbonates, futhi kwakheka ngesihlabathi somoya. Kukhona inani eliphansi lezakhamzimba, namandla okugcina umswakama aphansi kakhulu. Isibonelo, lokhu sizokubona ezingwadule, lapho kuphela ezinye izitshalo ezizokwazi ukukhula kulezo zindawo ezimbalwa lapho kunamanzi nezakhamzimba eziningi khona.
Izindawo ezipholile
Leyo esezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi yakhiwa ngezihlabathi ezinamanzi. Imvamisa, livela emathangini amanzi ezakhiwa ngesikhathi esithile seqhwa; yize ingabuye ithuthwe isuke olwandle, noma ngumoya.
Izindawo ezinomswakama
Kulezi zinhlobo zezindawo, njengoba kuvame ukuna, inhlabathi enesihlabathi ivame ukuba yintsha, ivela esihlabathini elethwe ngamanzi noma umoya. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amadwala eguga, enza nenhlabathi.
Umhlabathi onesihlabathi utholakalaphi?
Ugwadule lwase-Australia.
Inhlabathi yesihlabathi Kutholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezomile nezingenamanzi omhlaba, kodwa empeleni kukhona futhi ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele wazi ukuthi kukhona ogwadule, njengeSahara e-Afrika noma iSonora eNyakatho Melika. E-Australia ingxenye enkulu yendawo yayo ingumhlabathi onesihlabathi, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezimaphakathi nezisentshonalanga.
Uma sihlala eSpain, sinayo yonke imingcele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-Andalusia kukhona ogwini lwaseCádiz, e-Almería naseHuelva.
Ungayithuthukisa kanjani inhlabathi enesihlabathi?
Ngenxa yokuthi izingqinamba ezimbili ezinkulu zalolu hlobo lomhlabathi ukungabi bikho kwezinto eziphilayo ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye namandla okugcina amanzi amancane, esingakwenza ukuthuthukisa lokhu okulandelayo:
Nikeza umanyolo ophilayo
Njengomquba wenkukhu noma uguano. Zombili zicebe kakhulu ngezakhamzimba, ngakho-ke zizosebenza ukwenza umhlabathi uvunde kakhudlwana, futhi nokugcina umswakama kancane kancane.
Sabalalisa ungqimba olujiyile, cishe ubuncane bamasentimitha ayi-10, kuyo yonke indawo ofuna ukuyithuthukisa, uyixube negeja noma, uma une ugandaganda ohambayo. Phinda njalo, kanye ngenyanga noma njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili.
Oda iloli lenhlabathi yobumba, noma okungenani usilika
Uma ushesha, futhi umhlaba unesihlabathi kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi isixazululo esingcono ukukhetha ukucela iloli eligcwele ubumba noma inhlabathi ecebile ukuthi lilethwe. Uma usunayo, ihlangana kahle nenhlabathi esinayo futhi kuphele lapho.. Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka ukuthi ucele okwengeziwe njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka, njengoba imvula kanye / noma umoya kungabuyisela inhlabathi esimeni sayo sokuqala.
Iziphi izitshalo ezingatshalwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi?
Uma unenhlabathi eyisihlabathi futhi ungazi ukuthi iziphi izitshalo okufanele uzitshale, sincoma okulandelayo:
IKhesalpinia gilliesii
Waziwa ngokuthi imbuzi, lesi isihlahlana esihlala siluhlaza ukuthi ikhula ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili ukuphakama. Amaqabunga awo aphanjanisiwe, anombala ocwebezelayo, namasentimitha ayi-6 kuye kwangama-28 ngosayizi. Entwasahlobo ikhiqiza izigaxa zezimbali eziphuzi. Imelana kuze kufike ku -4ºC.
ICasuarina equisetifolia
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Forest & Kim Starr
Waziwa ngokuthi i-casuarina ponytail, isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza semi ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-25 kuye kwangama-30. Inamaqabunga amancane, afana nezinaliti zikaphayini. Izimbali zayo azikhombisi kangako, ngakho-ke zivame ukunganakwa. Imelana nesithwathwa size sifike ku -7ºC.
ICytisus scoparius
Isithombe - iWiimedia / uDanny S.
El ICytisus scoparius iyisihlahlana esinqumayo ukuthi ifinyelela kumamitha angama-3 ukuphakama. Inamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, kepha mancane kakhulu. Izimbali zona zibukisa kakhulu, ziphuzi ngombala futhi zingamasentimitha ama-2 ngosayizi. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo. Imelana kuze kufike ku -5ºC.
I-Lavandula dentata
Waziwa ngokuthi i-lavender egobile noma i-lavender, isitshalo esihlala siluhlaza ukuthi ifinyelela ukuphakama okuphezulu kwamasentimitha angama-45. Amaqabunga awo aluhlaza okotshani, aqondile, futhi anamakha. Izimbali zingama-spikes ansomi, futhi zivela entwasahlobo. Imelana kuze kufike ku- -7ºC.
I-Tamarix gallica
Isithombe - Flickr / Andreas Rockstein
Waziwa ngokuthi i-taray noma i-tare, isihlahla esinqumayo ukuthi ikhula phakathi kwamamitha ayi-6 no-8 ubude. Amagatsha aguquguquka, futhi akhula ngendlela yokuthi anikeze isitshalo ukubukeka "kokukhala" ngandlela thile. Amaqabunga awo mancane kakhulu, anezikhala, futhi aluhlaza okotshani ngombala. Izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezimhlophe eziphinki ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Imelana kuze kufike ku- -7ºC.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi izitshalo eziningi ezingakhula enhlabathini enesihlabathi? Chofoza lapha ngezansi:
