La camellia mhlawumbe ngesinye sezihlahlana zase-Asia ezilinywe kakhulu emhlabeni. Izimbali zayo ezinhle zihlobisa kangangoba akunakwenzeka ukuziba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinokunye ukusetshenziswa ozokuthola kulokhu okukhethekile.
Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwazi usinakekela kanjani lesi sitshalo, noma kusembizeni noma esivandeni, ungayeki ukufunda 🙂.
Umsuka nezici
I-protagonist yethu isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza noma isihlahla esidabuka eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ikakhulukazi evela eChina naseJapan. Isohlwini lohlobo lwezitshalo iCamellia, olwakhiwe phakathi kwezinhlobo eziyikhulu kuya kwezingama-100, okuyiyona edume kakhulu UCamellia japonica ongabona esithombeni ngenhla, noma UCamellia sinensis okuyiyona etholakala ngayo itiye.
Ingakhula ibe phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1 ukuya kwayi-10 ukuphakama, enye yezinto ezinkulu kunazo zonke UCamellia crapnelliana, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-7. Amaqabunga aso anesikhumba, aphelele, acijile, ngomphetho wonke noma onamanzi amancane, anombala ocwebezelayo omnyama.
Iqhakaza entwasahlobo. Izimbali ngokuvamile zinkulu, eyakhiwe ngama-sepals amahlanu namacembe amahlanu, angaba kabili noma amaningi, amhlophe, abomvu, abomvana noma aphuzi. Isithelo lesi yisigaxa seglobose esivuthwa ekwindla.
Yini ukunakekelwa?
Uma ufuna ukuba nekhophi eyodwa noma amaningi, khona-ke sizokunikeza umhlahlandlela wokunakekela ukuze ukwazi jabulela i-camellia yakho phakathi neminyaka:
Indawo
Kufanele ifakwe kufayela le- Ingaphandle, emthunzini omncane. Okufanelekile, kufanele ubanikeze ukukhanya kwelanga okungaqondile, ngoba abakhuli kahle ezindaweni ezinomthunzi.
Inhlabathi noma i-substrate
Kubalulekile ukuthi, noma ngabe kusembizeni noma esivandeni, inhlabathi ine-asidi nge-pH ka-4 kuye ku-6, nge i-drainage enhle. Enhlabathini enamakhasi amaningi amaqabunga awo aphuzi ngokushesha ngenxa yokushoda kwezakhamzimba, ikakhulukazi i-iron ne-manganese.
Yize ungehlisa i-pH ngokunisela ngamanzi kalamula (½ ilamula ehlanjululwe ku-1l wamanzi) nokwenza umanyolo ngomanyolo wezitshalo ezine-asidi lapha), kungcono ukuthi ungayifaki engozini futhi uyitshale kulawo mazwe ayifanele kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala.
Ukunisela
Kumele kaningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Vele, kufanele sikugweme ukweqisa: akathandi ukuba "nezinyawo" ezomile, kepha futhi abanamanzi. Ukwazi ukuthi uzonisela nini, mane nje ufake induku encane yokhuni (uma iphuma ihlanzekile, singanisela ngoba inhlabathi izokoma), sebenzisa imitha yomswakama wedijithali noma ulinganise ibhodwe uma seliniselwe futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa (lo mehluko ngesisindo kungasebenza njengesiqondisi sokwazi ukuthi kuniselwa nini).
Kufanele usebenzise amanzi emvula, ngaphandle kukalamula noma amanzi kalamula (hlanganisa uketshezi lwengxenye yelamula kulitha elilodwa lamanzi).
Umbhalisile
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo Kumele ikhokhwe ngomanyolo wezitshalo ezine-asidi, ngokulandela izinkomba ezichazwe kuphakheji. Ingakhokhelwa futhi nasekwindla uma uhlala endaweni enesimo sezulu esipholile, esinamakhaza amancane.
Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha
Entwasahlobo, lapho ingozi yeqhwa isidlulile.
Izihlahla
Uma kudingeka, iziqu ezikhule kakhulu zingancishiswa ekwindla, kanye nezimbali ezibunile.
Izinambuzane
Ingahlaselwa yi:
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Uhambo: yizinambuzane ezifana nezindlebe kodwa ezinosayizi ongu-1cm. Banamathela ngaphansi kwamakhasi, lapho badla khona. Bangabonakala ngeso lenyama, bobabili kanye nobulongwe babo (banjengamachashazi amnyama).
Ukuwaqeda, amaqabunga angahlanzwa ngokusula noma indlebe egcotshwe ngamanzi angenawo umcako, noma ngokuphatha izinhlobo ezithintekile ngeChlorpyrifos. -
Isicabucabu esibomvu: lezi zibungu nazo zinamathela ngaphansi kwamacembe. Bangabonakala ngengilazi yokukhulisa. Ungabona ukuthi banayo yini uma sibona ama-cobwebs.
Ukuze uziqede, zingelashwa ngazo uwoyela we-neem noma ukuhlanza amaqabunga ngamanzi angenalayini. - Ama-Mealybugs: Zingaba ikotoni noma uhlobo lwe-limpet (ngesihlangu esinsundu). Banamathela emaqabungeni naseziqu, lapho badla khona.
Ukuzisusa, izingxenye ezithintekile zingahlanzwa ngendwangu noma ibhulashi elincane elifakwe emanzini namaconsi ambalwa otshwala ekhemisi. - Izintwala: yizinambuzane ezilinganisa u-0,5cm futhi nsundu, ziluhlaza noma ziphuzi. Banamathela ezingxenyeni zethenda ze-camellia naseziqu zezimbali.
Ukuziqeda, zingelashwa ngamafutha e-neem.
Izifo
- Amakhowe: zingadala ukuvela kwempuphu empunga (i-botrytis noma i-powdery isikhutha), noma ukubola kwezimpande (i-Phytopthora imvamisa inesibopho).
Kumele silawule izingozi futhi senze izindlela zokuvikela / zokwelapha entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngesibabule noma ithusi. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo bazokwelashwa ngama-fungicides okufafaza. - I-Chlorosis: imvamisa kungenxa yokushoda kwama-manganese noma i-iron, noma ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile.
Nikeza lawa amaminerali kanye / noma wehlise imvamisa yokunisela njengoba kungaba njalo. - I-Virosis: yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane adala ukuvela kwamakhasi kumakhasi.
Kufanele usike izingxenye ezithintekile. - Ama-bark cankers: kukhiqizwa yi-Glomerella noma i-Phomopsis fungi.
Kufanele usike futhi ushise amagatsha athintekile; Esimweni sokuthi sisesigodlweni, singahlanzwa ngensingo ebukhali ngaphambilini futhi sibulawe amagciwane ngotshwala ekhemisi.
Ukuphindaphinda
I-Azaleas yanda ngembewu, ukusika nokubeka. Sazise ukuthi singaqhubeka kanjani esimweni ngasinye:
Imbewu
Imbewu kufanele ahlwanyelwe embhedeni wembewu entwasahlobo, usebenzisa i-substrate yezitshalo ezinomsoco (ungayithenga lapha) noma i-vermiculite. Kumele zibekwe ngaphezulu, zishiye ibanga elingu-1-2cm phakathi kwazo, futhi zigcine i-substrate imanzi.
Izokhula iphume Izinyanga eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-2.
Izithelo
Ukuthola ama-azaleas amasha afana nesitshalo sikamama amagatsha okungenani angama-30cm ubude kufanele asikwe entwasahlobo. Lapho-ke isisekelo sifakwa ngamahomoni anezimpande futhi sitshalwe emabhodweni anama-substrates anezimbobo, njenge-kanuma.
Ukuyigcina imanzi Izomila ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2.
Okuhleliwe
Uma sifuna ukuyisendela, kufanele sikwenze entwasahlobo, senze indandatho engu-1-2cm noma indandatho ngaphandle kwegxolo. Indandatho le kufanele ifakwe ama-hormone anezimpande, ngoba yilapho izimpande ezintsha zizovela khona.
Okulandelayo, kuthathwa isikhwama sepulasitiki esimnyama futhi siboshwe ngakolunye uhlangothi bese sigcwaliswa substrate yezitshalo ezine-asidi, futhi ekugcineni uboshwe esitshalweni somama ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Ngesirinji, kufanele ugcine umhlaba umanzi. A) Yebo, izomila ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3. Uma lokho kwenzeka, singasika isitshalo sethu esisha bese sisitshala ebhodweni noma engadini.
Isibindi
I-azalea isekela isithwathwa esifinyelela phezulu -15ºC.
Uyinakekela kanjani i-camellia bonsai?
Uma okufunayo kuyi-camellia bonsai enhle unyaka wonke, landela iseluleko sethu:
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Indawo: ngaphandle, emthunzini omncane.
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Ukunisela: njalo, ukuvimbela i-substrate ukuthi ingomi ngokuphelele. Sebenzisa amanzi angenalayini.
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Ukuthumela okungaphansi:uma.
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Izitayela: akanandaba. Ilingana kahle ne- wonke umuntuYize yinhle ikakhulukazi lapho ifakwe isitayela ngendlela ehlelekile noma ehlehlayo.
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Umbhalisile: entwasahlobo nasehlobo kufanele ikhokhwe ngomanyolo we-bonsai, kulandelwe imiyalo echazwe kupakethe.
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Izihlahla: kuphela uma uphilile. Amagatsha akhule ngokweqile ekuqaleni kokuwa, nezimbali ezomile, kufanele anqunywe. Ukwakhiwa kwezihlahla kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kwebusika.
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Ukufakelwa: njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
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Izintambo: entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Nayi ividiyo lapho ichazwa khona -ngesiNgisi, angiyitholi inesihloko-ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuthi ungakha kanjani ibhonsai esitsheni:
Isebenzani?
Umhlobiso
Kuyisitshalo esinenani eliphakeme lokuhlobisa. Kulezo zivande lapho inhlabathi ine-asidi noma i-asidi encane, ungaba nezindonga ezinhle eziphansi noma eziphakathi nendawo noma njengesibonelo esizimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahlala kahle ebhodweni, ngakho-ke ukuhlobisa kuvulandi noma ithala ngalo ngeke kube nzima nakancane uma linomthunzi 🙂.
Ukwelapha
Izinhlobo UCamellia sinensis Inezinto zokwelapha ezithakazelisa kakhulu:
- Anti-yokungezwani komzimba
- Ama-antiasthmatics
- Ama-antioxidants
- Ama-Antiseptics
- Ama-Bronchodilators
- Izidakamizwa
Indlela yokuyisebenzisa yile omisa amaqabunga futhi kamuva wabacoboshisa ukulungiselela itiye. Ungasebenzisa futhi izimbali, noma uthole uwoyela ezimbewini.
Iyini incazelo yayo?
Ukuqedela, siveza ukuthi isho ukuthini ngokuya ngombala wembali:
- Mhlophe: imele uthando olungenacala.
- roja: kuwuphawu lothando, isifiso nothando olungenamibandela.
- Rosa: umbala wokukhohlisa kanye nesifiso sokuhlala nomuntu omthandayo.
Ubucabangani nge-camellia? Unomuntu?