I-Dryopteris

Amafeni angenye yezitshalo ebezisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ezisetshenziswa namuhla ukuhlobisa amakhaya kanye nezingadi, nakuzo zonke ezikhona namuhla, I-Dryopteris Bangomunye wababonga kakhulu, futhi abayigugu.

Ngoba akudingekile ukuthi isitshalo sibe nesiqu noma izimbali, ngisho namaqabunga anombala, ukuhlobisa noma yiliphi ikhona, lolu hlobo lohlobo lwamafern luyisimangaliso sangempela. Futhi uma ungangikholwa, bheka izithombe ngenkathi ufunda konke ngokugcinwa kwaso.

Umsuka nezimpawu zeDryopteris

Luhlobo olwakhiwe cishe ngezinhlobo ezingama-250 zama-rhizomatous ferns aqhamuka e-Asia, ikakhulukazi asempumalanga yezwekazi. Zine-rhizome emfushane, enamandla eqaqa yakha umqhele lapho kuhluma khona amahlumela (amaqabunga) apholile., enezinambuzane ezicwebezelayo noma eziyindlala, imvamisa iluhlaza. Ama-sori imvamisa abonakala, futhi izinhlamvu ziyi-ellipsoidal.

Endaweni yokuhlala, futhi noma ngabe unezimbalwa engadini, kujwayelekile ukuthi bazixube. Eqinisweni, izinhlobo eziningi zeDryopteris zakheke ngale ndlela, nge-hybridization.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Okudume kakhulu yile:

I-Dryopteris aemula

Ungumdabu womdabu ogwini lwase-Atlantic lwaseNtshonalanga Yurophu olwaziwa njenge-fern-olunephunga elimnandi. Ithuthukisa amaqabunga ama-tri-pinnate (amaqabunga), ane-triangular-ovate noma i-triangular-lanceolate, enombala ophuzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nobude Amasentimitha angama-15 kuye kwangama-60.

Ingxenye ilahlekelwa amahlamvu ebusika, iyenze ibe luhlaza njalo.

I-Dryopteris affinis

Kuyinto yezinhlobo zomdabu ezisentshonalanga naseningizimu yeYurophu, kanye naseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia, eyaziwa njenge-fern yamanga yamadoda. Kwakha amafondini e-bipinnate aphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-35 no-130 ubude, Umbala oluhlaza okotshani.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-fern yowesilisa (iDryopteris affinis)

I-Dryopteris dilatata

Ungumdabu womdabu eYurophu, eTurkey, eCaucasus nasenyakatho ne-Iran, oqala ama-tri-pinnate fronds anesimo esingunxantathu-i-lanceolate, sombala oluhlaza okotshani ocwebezelayo. phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-10 no-150 ubude.

I-Dryopteris filix-mas

Kuyisilwane esidabuka eYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika esaziwa njenge-fern ejwayelekile yesilisa noma i-dentabron. Iqala ama-pinnate fronds angafika kumasentimitha ayi-150 ubude, Umbala oluhlaza okotshani.

I-Dryopteris guanchica

Kuyinto fern odabuka eYurophu, okuyinto Iqala ama-tri-pinnate fronds angafika kumasentimitha ayi-150 ubude, enesimo esingunxantathu-i-lanceolate.

Yini ukunakekelwa abakudingayo?

Uma ungathanda ukuba neDryopteris ekhaya lakho, kungaba sekhaya noma ngaphandle, sincoma ukuthi unikeze lokhu kunakekelwa okulandelayo:

Indawo

• yangaphandle: ziyizitshalo okumele zibe semthunzini omncane, zikwazi ukuhlala emthunzini (hhayi ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, zizophila ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngaphansi kwezihlahla, kepha hhayi ekhoneni lapho kungafinyeleli khona ukukhanya).
• Ingaphakathi: njengoba ingama-ferns amelana nokubanda kahle, alungele ukukhula emnyango wezindlu, ama-patio angaphakathi, nokunye okunjalo. Okuwukuphela kwento okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi kufanele ibe kude nezinhlaka, nokuthi umswakama kufanele ube phezulu (lokhu kutholakala nge-humidifier, noma ngokubeka iziqukathi ezinamanzi azungeze iDryopteris).

Umhlaba

Kuya ngokuthi uzokukhulisa kuphi:

• Isibindi: kukonke, bakhetha inhlabathi ene-asidi, enomsele omuhle.
• Imbiza yezimbali: kungakuhle ukuthi uyigcwalise nge-substrate yezitshalo ze-asidi ezihlanganiswe no-30% we perlite, arlite, noma okunjalo.

Ukunisela

Maphakathi kuya kokuvamile, kepha ngaphandle kokufinyelela okweqile. Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu ekukhuleni kwama-ferns ukucabanga ukuthi kufanele uwanisele cishe njengezitshalo zasemanzini, okuyinto engenjalo. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi bafuna umswakama ophezulu, kepha uma izimpande zabo zixhumana unomphela namanzi zizobola.

Kungakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi engadini noma i-substrate ezosetshenziselwa ukuyikhulisa ebhodweni iyakwazi ukumunca futhi ihlunge masinyane amanzi, kuyadingeka ukunisela isilinganiso esiphindwe kathathu Isonto phakathi nehlobo futhi kancane kancane unyaka wonke. Sebenzisa amanzi emvula noma i-lime.

Uma unayo ebhodweni, ungafaka ipuleti ngaphansi kwayo ngenkathi yehlobo uma unayo ngaphandle, kepha akukhuthazwa ukufaka noma yini kuyo uma ingaphakathi endlini, ngoba i-substrate ithatha isikhathi eside ukoma, futhi uma ipuleti lihlala linamanzi sizolibola.

Umbhalisile

Kungcono ukufaka umquba kwi-Dryopteris ngemikhiqizo ephilayo entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Umnikelo owenziwa kabili ngesonto noma ngenyanga isitibhili, umquba noma isivundisi, kuzokwenza ukuthi isitshalo sikhule ngamandla nangamandla.

Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha

Ungayitshala engadini noma uyishintshe imbiza entwasahlobo, lapho isithwathwa sesidlulile.

Izinhlupho nezifo

IDryopteris ayizweli, kepha ezindaweni ezomile nezifudumele kujwayelekile ukubona ezinye I-Woodlouse emahlathini awo, noma Isicabucabu esibomvu. Njengoba ziyizitshalo ezincane uma kuqhathaniswa, lezi zinambuzane zisuswe kahle ngebhulashi elifakwe ekhemisi likhuhla utshwala.

Futhi uma kungamanzi amaningi, i- amakhowe bangababulala. Ngakho-ke uma ubona ukuthi amahlumela aba mnyama masinyane, futhi / noma uma i-substrate noma inhlabathi iqala ukubukeka iluhlaza, unganqikazi ukuyiphatha nge-fungicide.

Isibindi

Kuya ngezinhlobo, kepha ngokuvamile zimelana nokubanda nesithwathwa kuze kufike -5ºC.

Ucabangani ngeDryopteris?