UFagus

I-Los UFagus Ziyizihlahla ezinkulu kakhulu ezinesikhathi eside sokuphila. Yize benesilinganiso sokukhula esiphakathi nendawo, futhi sihamba kancane uma siqhathaniswa nesinye isigaba se-arboreal, ubuhle baso bokuthi bahlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi besebancane kakhulu.

Kepha ngaphandle kokujabulisa amehlo ukuba nxazonke, nazo ziyizambulela zemvelo ezinhle kakhulu ehlobo, ngoba amahlamvu awo aminyene futhi umbhede wawo ungaba banzi. Zazi.

Umsuka nezici

Abalingisi bethu abaphambili izihlahla ezinqabayo zohlobo lwe-Fagus, olwakhiwa izinhlobo eziyishumi ezivela ezifundeni ezipholile zaseMelika, e-Asia naseYurophu. Ngokuya ngokuthi zikhula kuphi, zithola isayizi eyodwa noma enye: ngenkathi uma zikhula zodwa zivame ukuba nesimo se-cylindrical, uma zikhula ngamaqembu (njengasehlathini) thatha ukwakheka kwesihlahla ngokufanele, ngesiqu esingenalutho esiba amagatsha ebangeni elithile (amamitha ayi-1-2) ukusuka emhlabathini.

Amaqabunga aphelele noma afriziwe, ngosayizi ka-5-15cm ubude ngo-4-10cm ububanzi. Lezi ziluhlaza noma zibomvu, futhi ziphenduka zibe phuzi, i-orange, noma nsomi ngokuwa ngaphambi kokuwa. Izimbali, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-friz, azifani ngokobulili futhi ziyahlukaniswa, insikazi incane futhi imile kuneyesilisa. Isithelo, esibizwa nge-hayuco, sino-10-15mm ubude futhi siqukethe imbewu emibili yephiramidi nayo edliwayo., ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokwenza i-toast.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Kunezinhlobo eziyishumi, kepha ezithandwa kakhulu zimbili kuphela (ezimbili zokuqala). Noma kunjalo, sifuna ukukukhombisa okunye ukuze ubazi:

I-Fagus sylvatica

Eyaziwa njenge-beech evamile, idabuka eYurophu, ize itholakale naseSpain (enyakatho impela yenhlonhlo). Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-35, ngesiqu esiqondile esinamagxolo abushelelezi nomqhele oval. Lapha uneminye imininingwane.

I-Fagus crenata

Eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Japanese beech noma i-buna, iyisihlahla esivamile eJapan, njengesinye sezinhlobo ezivelele zamahlathi aso ahlabayo. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-35, ngenkomishi eyindilinga.

I-Fagus orientalis

Yaziwa njenge-Eastern Beech noma i-Asia Minor Beech, isihlahla somdabu esisuka enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTurkey empumalanga siye eCaucasus nasezintabeni i-Elburz. Ifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-45, ngosayizi wesiqu ofika ku-3m.

Imvamisa ihlanganiswa ne I-Fagus sylvatica, kuholela I-Fagus x taurica.

Inkungu yaseMexico

Eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-beech yaseMexico noma i-beech, kuyizinhlobo ezivamile zasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-25 ngesiqu sobubanzi obufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Kwesinye isikhathi kubhekwa njengokuhlukahluka, igama layo likhona Fagus grandifolia var. i-mexican.

I-Fagus grandifolia

Eyaziwa njenge-beech yaseMelika, iyinhlobo yomdabu yasempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-20, enamagxolo asiliva-mpunga.

Ziyini izinkathazo zabo?

Uma ufuna ukuba nesibonelo se-beech, sincoma ukuthi usinakekele ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Isimo sezulu

Ukuze kungabikho zinkinga, kubalulekile ukuthi isimo sezulu sipholile; okusho ukuthi, izinkathi ezine zihlukaniswe kahle nokuthi ebusika i-mercury ye-thermometer iwela ngaphansi kuka-zero. Kwezinye izindawo, njengeMedithera ngokwesibonelo, bangaphila kahle inqobo nje uma bekhulile ezindaweni ezinezintaba.

Indawo

Njalo phesheya, emthunzini omncane.

Umhlaba

Ukuba izihlahla, futhi ngaphezu kokuba kukhulu, kungekudala noma kamuva kudingeka kutshalwe emhlabathini. Umhlaba Kumele ibe ne-esidi encane, icebe ngezinto eziphilayo futhi ibe namandla wokumunca amanzi.

Ngenkathi isencane, ingafakwa nge-substrate yezitshalo ezinomsoco, noma ngesihlabathi se-volcanic (akadama, pomx noma okufanayo). Sebenzisa okokugcina uma uhlala ezindaweni ezinehlobo elishisayo kakhulu (izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-30ºC).

Ukunisela

Ayisekeli nhlobo isomiso, kodwa futhi nokugcwala kwamanzi akwenzi kanjalo. Kufanele unisele ngokwesilinganiso amahlandla ama-4 ngesonto ngenkathi eshisa kakhulu nesilinganiso sezikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto unyaka wonke.

Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa amanzi emvula; ukwehluleka lokho, sebenzisa amanzi angenalayini. Uma ukwazi ukuhambisa kuphela amanzi ompompi futhi aqukethe ukhalori, hlaziya ujusi wengxenye kalamula ku-1l / amanzi noma isipuni esincane sikaviniga ku-5l / amanzi. Ukubheka ukuthi i-pH yehlele ku-4 kuye ku-6, sebenzisa imichilo ye-pH abayithengisayo ngokwesibonelo lapha noma emakhemisi.

Umbhalisile

Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nomanyolo ophilayo, njengomquba, isigaxa semifino, ukusakazwa kwezikelemu, umquba wezimvu noma imbuzi, njll. Sabalalisa ungqimba olucishe lube ngu-4-5cm nxazonke zesiqu, bese ulihlanganisa nenhlabathi.

Uma une-beech yakho ebhodweni, sebenzisa umanyolo ongamanzi, njenge lokhu izitshalo ze-asidi ezilandela izinkomba ezichazwe kuphakeji.

Ukuphindaphinda

Iyanda wembewu ebusika (zidinga ukubanda ngaphambi kokuhluma). Uma usendaweni lapho kubhaliswa khona isithwathwa njalo ngonyaka, kufanele umane uwatshale ezimbizeni noma kumathileyi esithombo nge-substrate bese uvumela imvelo ukuthi iqhubeke.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzofanele ukwenze uzihlukanise emakhazeni izinyanga ezintathu ku-tupper nge-vermiculite (ithole lapha), bese uwahlwanyela embhedeni wembewu.

Izihlahla

Awuyidingi. Mhlawumbe unqume amagatsha omile, agulayo, abuthakathaka noma aphukile ngasekupheleni kobusika. Uma ubona igatsha elikhula isikhathi eside kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi liqala ukubukeka lingcolile, ungalinciphisa.

Isibindi

Imelana kuze kufike ku- -18ºC, kodwa ngiyagcizelela, ezindaweni ezishisayo azikwazi ukuphila. Okungenani, kufanele kube khona isithwathwa esibuthaka ukuze sikwazi ukuma ebusika futhi siqhubeke nokukhula okuqinile entwasahlobo.

Ububanzi bayo obuhle bokushisa buphakathi kuka-30ºC ubuningi kanye -18ºC ubuncane.

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okunikezwa uFagus?

Umhlobiso

Ziyizihlahla ezihlobisa kakhulu, zilungele ukuba nazo njengesibonelo esizimele ezingadini ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zisetshenziswa futhi njenge bonsai.

Kuyadliwa

Imbewu ye-Beech iyadliwa futhi ingadliwa ingaphekiwe noma isanda kusiwa. Ukunambitheka kwawo kukhumbuza amantongomane.

Madera

Izinkuni zayo ziyasinda futhi ziyamelana, yingakho zisetshenziselwa ukubaza lapho kwenziwa ifenisha namathuluzi.

Ucabangani ngeFagus?