I-Los I-Papaver Angamakhambi okuthi, yize igama lesayensi lingasidida, empeleni ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi wonke umuntu, ngubani omunye ongaphansi, owake wazibona izimbali zawo. Futhi ukuthi opapa, okuyindlela abadume ngayo, ngaphezu kokuba yigugu, babucayi kakhulu: amacembe abo awe ngokushesha lapho umoya uvunguza ngamandla.
Lezi zimpawu zibenza babe ngesinye sezitshalo ezilula ukuzikhomba, kepha zingaba njalo uma sibheka ukuthi izinga lokuhluma kwazo liphezulu. Eqinisweni, into ejwayelekile ukuthi uma ngokwesibonelo uhlwanyela imbewu eyishumi, yonke noma iningi iyahluma, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukuyithokozela engadini yakho noma kuvulandi, kufanele uthole ezinye. Ngokulandelayo uzothola ukuthi ungabanakekela kanjani.
Umsuka nezimpawu zePapaver
I-papaver noma i-poppies yonyaka (bukhoma unyaka owodwa), i-biennial (iminyaka emibili) noma i-vivacious (ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-3) amakhambi omndeni Mandla. Basakazwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika, futhi Zibonakala ngokufinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-20 kuye cishe kumamitha amabili. Amaqabunga acishe ahlukaniswe kancane, lawa aphansi aphuma esihlahleni kanti angaphezulu, uma kunjalo, ayi-sessile (okungukuthi, abanayo i-petiole ebanamathela esiqwini).
Ziqhakaza entwasahlobo ngokujwayelekile. Izimbali zihlala zodwa futhi zingapheli, futhi zakhiwa ama-sepals ama-2 noma ama-3, ngaphezu kwamaphethelo ama-4 kuye kwayi-6 ombala obomvu, owolintshi, ophuzi, omhlophe noma onsomi. Izithelo zingama-pods we-subglobose capsules aqukethe imbewu eningi e-reniform, e-striated noma efakwe ngosayizi ka-0,5 kuye ku-1,5mm wemibala ehlukahlukene.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko noma izinhlobo
Okuyaziwa kakhulu yilokhu okulandelayo:
UPapaver argemone
Isithombe - Flickr / Salomé Bielsa
El UPapaver argemone, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-poppy yesilisa, isitshalo saminyaka yonke esidabuka eYurophu lokho ifinyelela ekuphakameni ngamasentimitha angama-40. Ngokungafani namanye ama-poppies, isithelo sawo sifinyelela kumasentimitha ama-2, sinezimbambo, sine-oblong-cylindrical shape, futhi sinezinwele ezimile neziqinile. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ikhiqiza izimbali ezibomvu.
UPapaver dubium
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Aiwok
El UPapaver dubium, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-oblong poppy, ngumuthi odabuka eYurophu, entshonalanga nasenkabeni ye-Asia, eNyakatho Afrika naseMacaronesia. ESpain kuvamile eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia naseziQhingini zaseBalearic. Inezici ezifanayo ne-poppy ejwayelekile (I-Papaver rhoeas), kepha umbala wezimbali zawo ubomvu kancani. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
IPapaver hybridum
Isithombe - Flickr / Ferran Turmo Gort
El IPapaver hybridum, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-poppy edabukisayo, umuthi waminyaka yonke odabuka eYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia. ESpain kuvamile eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni emigwaqo nasezinsimini ezilahliwe. Izimbali zawo zibomvu klebhu noma ziphaphathekile, ihlume entwasahlobo-ehlobo.
I-Papaver rhoeas
El I-Papaver rhoeas, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-poppy evamile noma i-poppy yasendle, umuthi waminyaka yonke otholakala e-Eurasia naseNyakatho Afrika. Ingafinyelela ukuphakama okungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-50, futhi izimbali zaso zibomvu klebhu, zivutha futhi zacishe zanda. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo.
Sebenzisa
Kuyathakazelisa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, kepha ngaphandle kokungabaza ukusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi kakhulu ukupheka. Amaqabunga amasha aluhlaza angakhiwa ngaphambi kokuba aqhakaze futhi aphekwe njengesipinashi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imbewu inhle njengesinongo, futhi iyasetshenziswa nakumakhekhe.
I-Papaver somniferum
El I-Papaver somniferum, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-poppy noma i-royal poppy, umuthi waminyaka yonke odabuka eningizimu nasempumalanga yeMedithera. Ingafinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-15 no-1,5. Izimbali zihlikihliwe, zodwa futhi zigcina, zimhlophe, zibomvana, zenziwe mhlophe noma zibomvu. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo-ehlobo.
Sebenzisa
Izithelo ezivuthiwe, kanye nobisi lwazo olomile, ziqukethe ama-alkaloid, ngakho-ke zisetshenziselwa ukwenza i-opium nezithako zayo ngokungemthetho. Kwezokwelapha zesimanje la ma-alkaloid afanayo asetshenziswa njengokudambisa izinhlungu.
Izinhlamvu zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amabhanzi, izinkwa nokunye., futhi zengezwa ekudleni kwezinyoni. Uwoyela otholakala kulezi usetshenziselwa ukwenza insipho nophethiloli.
AbakwaPapaver bazinakekela kanjani?
Uma ufuna ukuba nePapaver engadini yakho noma kuvulandi, sincoma ukuthi unikeze lokhu kunakekelwa okulandelayo:
Indawo
Ziyizitshalo okufanele zibe njalo phesheya, ngokugcwele ilanga.
Umhlaba
- Imbiza yezimbali: gcwalisa nge-substrate ekhulayo yendawo yonke yezitshalo.
- Isibindi: zikhula kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, inqobo nje uma zinamapayipi amahle.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganisela. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo kungadingeka ukunisela izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesonto, ngakolunye uhlangothi unyaka wonke kufanele uwukhiphe isikhala.
Umbhalisile
Isithombe - Wikimedia / David Monniaux // UPapaver nudicaule
Kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ubakhokhele kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ehlobo, ene-guano encane noma omunye umkhiqizo we-organic, ulandela imiyalo ebekiwe kwiphakheji.
Ukuphindaphinda
IPapaver nande ngembewu entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ngalokhu, kungakuhle ukuthi uzihlwanyele kuthileyi yesithombo nge-substrate yendawo yonke, ubeke imbewu eyodwa noma ezimbili ku-alveolus ngayinye. Kubalulekile ukungangcwatshwa ngokweqile, ngokwanele ukuze zingabonakali kakhulu enkosini yenkanyezi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, iyaniselwa bese umbhede wembewu ubekwa ngaphandle, emthunzini omncane. Ngakho-ke, nokugcina i-substrate inomswakama (kepha ingagcwali amanzi), izohluma cishe ezinsukwini ezingama-5-10.
Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha
En intwasahlobo, lapho isithwathwa sesidlulile.
Isibindi
Iningi lePapaver yizitshalo zonyaka ukuzwela emakhazeni.
Isithombe - Wikimedia / DenaliNPS // UPapaver mcconellii
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