Sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwendalo olutholakala emikhakheni yemvelo yase-Uruguay futhi esebenza njengezinhlobo zokutholwa kwemikhakha yemvelo eyehlisiwe. Imayelana ne- I-Paspalum notatum. Iphinde isetshenziswe njengotshani obusizo kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezinesomiso esiphakeme futhi okudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Kungeqembu letshani futhi kuyisitshalo esihlala njalo ehlobo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokufuna ukwazi kwe- I-Paspalum notatum.
Izici eziyinhloko
Kuyisitshalo esiseqenjini lotshani futhi esitholakala emasimini emvelo. Inomkhiqizo ophezulu embewini futhi isebenza kahle. Inesiqu sohlobo stoloniform okuyinikeza amandla amakhulu okuba kutshalwe unomphela ngoba inamandla amakhulu okukhiqiza. Kungaba yingxenye ephelele yasehlobo noma njengenhlobo yokuthola izikhala zemvelo ezonakele. Uma ngabe i-ecosystem yehliswa isithunzi ngu ukuklabisa ngokweqile noma ukudlula esigabeni sezolimo esifuna ngenkani, lesi sitshalo singabuyisa inhlabathi.
Njengoba sazi, kwezolimo kunokulinywa okwedlulele kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwemithi yokubulala ukhula engalimaza inhlabathi futhi yehlise nezimo zayo zemvelo. Kukulezi zimo lapho ifayela le- I-Paspalum notatum kungasisiza ukuhlanganisa kabusha uhlelo lwemfuyo ngendlela ekhiqizayo. Uma sibheka lokhu okungenzeka, singayisebenzisa kakhulu imithombo yamandla. Ubuhle okunikezwa yilesi sitshalo ukuthola izikhala esezonakele ukuthi sinamandla amakhulu okwakha amakoloni ngenethiwekhi ebanzi yama-rhizomes amafushane. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwezimboni kungahluka phakathi kuka-1500-2000 kgMS / ha unyaka wonke uma kutshaliwe. Ingafinyelela nakumazinga we-6000 kuya ku-1200kgMS / ha kule minyaka elandelayo.
Ukuze ifinyelele kula manani okukhiqiza, kufanele ifinyelele ezimeni zomswakama ophezulu kanye nokuzala okudingayo. Izinga lokukhula elijwayelekile ezinyangeni zasebusika nasentwasahlobo cishe liyi-45kgMS / ha / d, ukuthola ukukhula okuphezulu okungu-90 kuye ku-100kgMS / ha engxenyeni yesibili kaJanuwari. Ngamaqhwa okuqala asebusika, okuvame ukuthi kube anzima kakhulu, isitshalo silahlekelwa yifoloji eluhlaza futhi sihlume kuma-rhizomes. Isivele isesigabeni sesibili sokukhula lapho iqala ngamandla futhi yenzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba nasekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe- I-Paspalum notatum
Inani lokudla okunomsoco kwalesi sitshalo liyahlukahluka kuye ngenani lefolishi eliqoqiwe. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuyehluka kuye ngenani lama-inflorescence akhona. Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo zeqembu elifanayo, isakhiwo sisho ukuthi uhlaka lwedlelo lutholakala ikakhulu ngezinhlamvu eziluhlaza nezimbumba ezimbalwa. Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu ephezulu ngokubonga ngosayizi nobuningi yama-panicles akhiqizwa kusukela maphakathi noDisemba kuya kuFebhuwari.
Intwasahlobo isikhathi esinconywe kakhulu sokuhlwanyela njengoba zifinyelela emazingeni okushisa amahle futhi zihlume kangcono. Kodwa-ke, kube nokufakwa okuthile okuphumelele ngesikhathi sokuwa, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlotshaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ezikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele. Ukuhlwanyela kumhlaba osuvele utshaliwe, ukuhlwanyela okuhle ngqo, kuyizindlela ezinconywe kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwe- I-Paspalum notatum. Futhi iyakwazi ukuthola futhi ivuselele izici zenhlabathi cishe ngokuphelele.
Khetha indawo engenakhula ukuze ulungise kahle indawo yokutshala. Lesi sitshalo sinokumbozwa, kufanele senziwe kusetshenziswa i-herbicide encane kakhulu ukuze ingaqhubeki nokucekela phansi noma ukululaza inhlabathi. Ubuningi bembewu kufanele buguqulwe kususelwa kulwazi lwezimbewu. Kufanele sibheke cishe imbewu eyi-150 futhi sikhulume ngemitha ngayinye eyisikwele ebusweni. Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kufanele kufaka umanyolo kanambambili kusukela ukutholakala kwe-phosphorus ne-nitrogen kusiza ukukhulisa amandla okuqala ezithombo. Futhi inokuthuthuka okuhamba kancane ekuqaleni kepha ngokutshalwa kwemali okuphezulu ohlelweni lwempande. Lokhu kugcizelelwa ekutshaleni okwenziwa ngenkathi yasekwindla.
Imbewu inesimo sokulala futhi kuvame kakhulu ukubona ukuhluma okunwetshiwe ngemuva kosuku lokutshala. Ngalesi sizathu, kulindeleke ukuthi indawo okutshalwa kuyo ihlupheke ukukhula kokhula kusenesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kwenzeka ngoba utshani basehlobo.
Izinzuzo ze I-Paspalum notatum
Enye yezinzuzo zokusebenzisa lolu tshani ukuthi bungasetshenziswa njengefulawa. Inenani lokudla okunempilo elihlala liphezulu lapho livuthwa. Ihlonishwa njengesiqinisi sokuguguleka kwenhlabathi kanye nokwenza lula kwayo ukusungulwa nokuphikelela kokugcina kahle. Ukumelana nesomiso, kunconywa abaningi inhlabathi eyonakele hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokudliswa ngokweqile nokulinywa ngokweqile, kodwa futhi nenhlabathi ekhungethwe yisomiso. Lokhu kulondolozwa okuphansi, ngakho-ke kudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Inkinga yami ngokweqisa phambi kwezinambuzane eziyingozi iheha okuncane kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo.
Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okukhulu, isetshenziswa eNingizimu Melika njengedlelo lezinkomo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengotshani bengadi ezindaweni yehliswe kakhulu ngoba inamandla amakhulu wokunweba. Ukwazi ukwandisa indawo yayo yokusabalalisa kalula, ingasetshenziswa njengesitshalo sekhava.
Umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa we I-Paspalum notatum enhlabathini kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuqala ukwenza umzuzu oqondile wokuhlwanyela ukusizakala ngokukhula kwawo okuphezulu. Njengoba ekuqaleni bakhula kancane, unyaka wokuqala uvumela ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kohlobo, noma ngabe kunconywa ukuthi uqale ngokudla amadlelo manje ukuze unciphise ukuncintisana kwakho nobunye utshani obungakhula ngokuzenzekelayo. Kusukela onyakeni wesibili kulapho ukunconywa kwe-nitrogen ngendlela yokuthi kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kwefosholo nokwandisa inani lamaprotheni akuyo. Inani lokufaka umquba lizosetshenziswa ngokuya ngombuso wamanzi okhona ngenkathi yokukhula kanye nenani lefolishi esivuniwe.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge I-Paspalum notatum kanye nezici zabo.