El I-Raphanus raphanistrum, edume kakhulu ngokuthi isithombo, isitshalo esingesohlobo lukaRaphaus, lomndeni Mbethele. Lesi sakamuva, esibizwa nangokuthi umndeni we-cruciferous, uvame ukutshalwa ngoba izimpande zawo zibhekwa njengokudla kwabantu. Amanye amagama ajwayelekile lesi sitshalo esiqanjwa ngawo igama elithi radish, umsila, isithombo sasendle, phakathi kwamanye amaningi, ngokusho kwezwe noma indawo.
Curiosities
Ngabe igama lesiLatini likukhumbuza ini URaphanus?, Kuzwakala ngathi isithombo iqiniso? Kulungile URaphanaus raphanistrum yiyona izinhlobo zasendle zesithombo esaziwayo esisebenzisa nsuku zonke ekhishini lethu. Isithombo sidabuka e-Asia noma eMedithera. Noma kunjalo, ukutshalwa kwayo kusabalale emhlabeni wonke sibonga iqiniso lokuthi alinakho ukusetshenziswa okwaziwayo, ngakho-ke liyakhula ngesimo sokhula.
Izici zika I-Raphanus raphanistrum
Ukuze ungadideki nolunye uhlobo futhi wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ukhuluma ngani uma uthi "Nginesitshalo sesithombo”, Bese sizochaza izici ezehlukile ze- URaphanus Raphanistrum (Sizokhuluma ngalezi zinhlokwana kuyo yonke indatshana njengoba isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni nsuku zonke futhi inezici ezifanayo kakhulu nezinhlobo zasendle).
Lesi sitshalo singathatha izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuya ngokwehluka kwaso. Ngalo mqondo, ingahlulwa, ilinganiswe ukusuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15 noma ayindilinga, ukushuba kwayo kungeqi ku-3 cm noma kungaphansi kuka-2. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isisindo sayo sihluka kakhulu, ngoba ungathola ama-specimens acishe abe ngama-gramu angama-70 kuye ngaphezulu kwekhilogremu elilodwa.
Impande ijiyile futhi inamanzi amaningi. Usayizi waso uncike ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo esikhuluma ngazo. Isiqu sawo, sifushane kakhulu futhi sinamaqabunga. Lezi zokugcina azivamile futhi zincane. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isithombo yisitshalo esinezimbali eziqoqwe ngamaqoqo amakhulu futhi zimhlophe noma zibomvana. Inyama nesikhumba sikashukela kungabonisa amathoni ahlukile: onsomi, obomvu noma omnyama futhi, kwezinye izinhlobo, angavela amhlophe noma abomvana. Ukunambitheka kwesibani sayo, esidliwayo, kuyinto okubabayo okucashile.
Sebenzisa
Akuvamile ukuthi uyisebenzise njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, noma kunjalo, akukho okungcono kunokusebenzisa umcabango wakho kulezi zimo. Uma kwenzeka kuwe uhlobise ingadi yakho ngesithombo noma ngisho nesithombo, qhubeka.
Nokho, kunokusetshenziswa okuvame ukwandile nokusabalala kwalezi zinhlobo. Ngalo mqondo, kufanele sikhumbule ukusetshenziswa kwayo kokudla okunempilo, osekuvele kushiwo kafushane ezigabeni ezandulele. Ngoba ngubani ongazange azame isaladi elimnandi isithako salo sineradish? Kokubili okuluhlaza nokuphekiwe, isithombo (khumbula, izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwesitshalo okukhulunywa ngaso) kuhle kuhlangene nemifino.
Izitshalo nokunakekelwa
Qiniseka ukuthi isimo sezulu sisincane. Lesi sitshalo senza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele, yize kufanele uqaphele ngokushisa okuphezulu ngokweqile. Kwanele ukwazi ukuthi ukulinywa kwayo kungasheshisa noma kwehlise ijubane ngenxa yezinga lokushisa elivezwe kulo, ukubona ukubaluleka kwezimo zezulu ekukhuleni kwayo, ukuthi zithinta kanjani izitshalo, nokubaluleka kokuzilawula. Amazinga okushisa afanele yilawo aphakathi kuka-20 no-25 ° C, lapho emila khona ngokushesha.
Gwema usawoti omningi enhlabathini. Isithombo futhi isithombo simelana nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi, kodwa kubathatha kancane ukuba bakhule enhlabathini enokujula okuncane nosawoti omningi. Gcina inhlabathi ehlale imanzi futhi icebile ngomsoco, kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukufeza lokhu kwamuva, kungasiza ukusebenzisa umanyolo omuhle kanye nomquba.
Sebenzisa ukuchelela ngenkasa. Njengoba sishilo, umhlaba udinga umswakama, kepha awukho umdaka. Kungakho indlela enhle yokunisela kungohlelo lokunisela, olungaqinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo siniselwa ngesikhathi esifanele nangekhwalithi efanelekile. Uhlobo lokunisela olusetshenziswa kakhulu (futhi olunconyiwe) lwe-radish uhlelo lokunisela ngenkasa.
Khetha isikhathi esifanele. Ukutshala isithombo kuhlala kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ku-Okthoba. Sebenzisa umquba ofanele, ngakho-ke ungawenzi ngokweqile futhi ungasebenzisi ngokweqile. Isithombo isitshalo esilula kulokhu, ngakho-ke inani elilinganisiwe lomquba lanele.
Izinyathelo ezilula ze-radishes ezikhulayo
Ukutshala ama-radishes kufanele uqale wenze imisele emhlabathini. Kuzo uzobe ubeka imbewu, ehlukanisiwe ngomunye ngo-5 cm. Lesi sakamuva, sona, kufanele singcwatshwe ukujula okungu-15 cm. Bese uhlala ulinde (ukuchelela omunye nomunye) amasonto amabili noma amathathu uzobona amahlumela okuqala ama-radishes akho amasha sha ehluma.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Akunandaba ukuthi sisinakekela kahle kangakanani isitshalo sethu: asilokothi sivikeleke ezinambuzaneni nasezifweni eziningi ezingasithinta. Kulezi zinambuzane sithola isibungu seklabishi, okuyi- uvemvane olumhlophe izibungu zalo eziyingozi kusithombo ngoba, uma nje esechanyuselwe, asebenzisa amaqabunga neziqu zesitshalo sethu njengokudla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezintwala ezaziwa kakhulu (inkathazo ejwayelekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezitshalo) ezingagcini ngokumunca ubisi lwesitshalo kepha futhi ziveza uketshezi lwe-pasty lapho isikhunta sikhula khona, kamuva, futhi esidale nomonakalo kusithombo. Ngokulandelayo, singathola idonathi emnyama engathandeki phakathi kwezitshalo zethu (isinambuzane esihlasela isithombo ngokunquma amaqabunga aso amathenda).
Ekugcineni, phakathi kwezifo zesithombo, singathola iDowny Mildew kanye amakhowe. Uthando lokuqala luhlukile kulezi zinhlobo futhi luvame ukuhlupheka ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, inkathi lapho isitshalo singambozwa khona ngamachashaza aphuzi bese nsundu agcina esomile futhi ewa. Ukuvela kwenkinga yesibili, isikhunta, ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuhlaselwa kwangaphambilini kwesinye isifo noma isilokazane.
Manje yebo,usukulungele ukuvuna ama-radish akhoYini engcono kunama-subspecies ama-radishes amnandi? Kuthiwani uma ufisa isaladi noma okunye ukudla bese uphuma uye kuvulandi? Lapho unesithako sakho senkanyezi. Akukho okulula ukwedlula ukuqala isitolo semifino engadini yakho yasekhaya.