I-Chile serrano (Capsicum annuum)

El chile serrano noma "Capsicum annuum" livela ezintabeni ezisenyakatho yeMexico, ezivame kakhulu kulezo zaseHidalgo nasePuebla. Yaziwa nangokuthi i-chili eluhlaza futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko ukushisa kwayo okukhulu, okunamandla kakhulu kune-jalapeno. Ubumbeko buyi-cylindrical, buncane ngosayizi kanti abanye buphela ngephuzu.

Izici eziyinhloko zepelepele le-serrano

EMexico iphuzwa kakhulu ngoba ikhona ezitsheni ezingenakubalwa ezijwayelekile ezifana nama-chilaquiles, kumasoso, amasobho, amasobho kanye nezitshulu. Lesi sitshalo silinganisa amasentimitha angama-50 kuye kwayi-150, amaqabunga asicaba, a-ovoid futhi ahlangane, imiphetho ibushelelezi, ingaphezulu linoboya futhi liluhlaza. Izimbali zimhlophe, zinamacembe amahlanu, ziyi-hermaphroditic futhi zivela ezinyangeni ezimbili zitshaliwe.

Zakhiwa endaweni ye-axillary yesitshalo, Ziphuma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili bese zinikeza ithuba lokuzalwa kopelepele. Isitshalo ngasinye siyakwazi ukukhiqiza upelepele ongu-50 noma ngaphezulu, ubukhulu obumaphakathi bube yi-5 kuye ku-15 mm ububanzi ngama-60 mm ubude. Sekuvele kuthuthukisiwe, zifinyelela cishe ku-4 cm, ithoni yabo iyashintsha kusuka ku-orange kuya kobomvu futhi ukubukeka kugobile futhi kunwetshiwe. Isitshalo esikhula kahle ekhaya ngoba asisikhulu kakhulu futhi sikhiqiza upelepele omningi.

Amasiko

Into yokuqala ukuqinisekisa inhlabathi ngoba kufanele ibe ilula futhi inamapayipi amahle, okunconyiwe yi- isihlabathi sekhwalithi enhle, ukuxubana kwenhlabathi nomquba okuqinisekisa ukuthi imbewu ikhiqiza umkhiqizo onobuningi obuqinile, ubukhulu obufanele nezinga elifanele lokushisa; izinto ezintathu ezithinta ngqo ikhwalithi yepele.

Kulula ukukala ubuningi bezinto ze-substrate ukuze zingashodi, ngoba isitshalo sidinga inani elifanele lezakhamzimba ukuze sikhule siqine, sibe nempilo futhi sinikeze upelepele omuhle. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ngenhlabathi elungiselelwe kahle, akudingekile ukuthi ukhokhe ngokuqhubekayo. Isizini ngaye ukulima i-chili Kusehlobo, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kufanele siqhubeke nokuqapha ukuchelela ngaphandle kokuwela okweqeni, okungukuthi, i- ukudaka inhlabathi, ngoba izimpande zizolimala futhi isitshalo siyafa.

Inkomba ye- uketshezi oluningi ukuthi isitshalo siphenduka siphuzi, uma sisemhlabathini ovulekile sinciphisa ukuqina kokunisela futhi uma sisembizeni sivimbela amanzi ekuqoqeni esitsheni.

Uma amazinga okushisa ephakeme kakhulu futhi i-substrate eyomile ibonakala phezulu, ngaphambi kokuchelela kubalulekile ukuhlola umswakama iphansi kancane ukuthola ukuthi umhlaba ungamanziswa yini noma cha. Ikakhulukazi uma i-substrate ingenawo umsele omuhle. Ongoti bakulepelepele batusa ukuthi kuvunwe ngaphambi kokuba kuvuthwe, okwenzeka cishe ezinsukwini ezingama-75 emva kokutshala.

Ukulima kudinga ukukhanyisa okuhle, i-substrate yekhwalithi nokunakekelwa kahle kokunisela futhi ngaphandle kwehaba. Upelepele obomvu Kumele ziqoqwe ngqo kulesi sitshalo njengoba zidingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe njalo ngomkhiqizo omusha nekhwalithi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe bezitshalo, okunconywayo wukuthi batshale enkampanini ka-anyanisi, i-coriander notamatisi njengoba kusizakala bona.

Izingozi zezitshalo

Njengezinye izitshalo, bavezwa yizifo nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, yingakho kufanele uqaphele. Phakathi kokuvamile sithola ifayela le- Isicabucabu esibomvu, izimpukane ezimhlophe, ama-aphid nabavukuzi bamaqabunga. Mayelana nezifo ezenzeka kulezi zilimo, sinesikhunta esimhlophe nokubola okumpunga. Ukutshala kudinga izitshalo ezifanele ukugwema ukuthintwa ezinye zalezi zinto.

Ama-propiedades

Phakathi kwezakhiwo zayo kukhona umnikelo kavithamini C no-A, amaminerali afana ne-iron ne-magnesium, i-fiber, i-calcium, i-carbohydrate yesulfure, amaprotheni, iodine, i-sodium ne-potassium, ngaphezu kokuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi. I-serrano chili inokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko ekudleni kwaseMexico, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, itholakala kuzindlela zokupheka ezahlukahlukene zendabuko futhi yaziswa kakhulu ngokushisa kwayo okuphezulu.

Futhi inokunye ukusetshenziswa okusiza impilo, njengokunciphisa umfutho wegazi noma ukuvuselela uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nokunikela ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba. Ezinye izakhiwo zalo zigxila kufayela le- ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo, yehlisa i-cholesterol, isiza ekuphazamisekeni kwengcindezi yegazi futhi incipha ngokwemvelo ngegazi.

Iphinde ixhunyaniswe ne-analgesic, antimicrobial, anticancer, analgesic, migraine control, expectorant, appetite calming and metabolism accelerator. Uma sikhuluma ngengxenye yobuhle, kushiwo ukuphulukisa izakhiwo zomqubuko, ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen, kunciphisa ukusha, kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele nokusakazwa kwegazi.

Izinhlobo zikapelepele we-serrano

Empeleni kune-chile serrano eyodwa kuphela futhi kuye kutholwe izinhlobo ezithile ze-hybridi lapho izakhiwo ezithile zivelele, ngokwesibonelo, ezinye zimelana kakhulu nezinambuzane noma izifo, ezinye zinezinyama eziningi, ezinye zigcinwa kangcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma zinongwe kakhulu futhi phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo, kukhona okunye okuvelele ngempela:

• UColossus.
• I-Tampiqueño.
• I-Centaur.
• IPharadesi.
• Ama-tuxtlas.
• ISerrano 237.
• ISerranito.
• Serrano Lord.
• USerrano Huasteco.
• I-Serrano del sol F1.
• ISerrano 3036.
• I-Serrano balin.
• Serrano onsomi.
• I-Serrano eyomile.
• USerrano Veracruz.
• Uhla lwezintaba ezomile zaseYucatan.
• UTampico Serrano.

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo se-pepper serrano lubonakala ngobubanzi bomqhele obwenza ubheke ngasemaceleni, ozowabona ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezitshalwe ezindaweni ezivulekile. Noma kunjalo, izithelo zivame ukuba zinkulu futhi zibe ziningi kakhulu. kunalapho kutshalwe ezimbizeni.

Lesi silili asithandwa kakhulu kuphela futhi sisetshenziswa ekudleni kwaseMexico, ngoba ukushisa kwaso nokunambitheka okungavamile kwenze kwaba intandokazi kwamanye amazwe amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokukhula, okwenza kube njalo Kulula ukuhlwanyela noma kuphi lapho unelanga elingapheli ne-substrate enhle.

Kunezakhi eziningana ze-serrano ezenza ihlonishwe kakhulu, eyokuqala ukuthi ayinikezi isinongo esimnandi kuphela kepha futhi ishiya ukunambitheka okubhalwe kahle ekudleni. Inyama kakhulu futhi inamanzi amaningi ongayidla ingahlazaYebo, lungela ukuqhuma koshukela olwangeni lwakho.