Isihlahla sesundu sase-Elche

Kukhona izingadi ezinamasundu, kodwa abakwenza edolobheni laseValencia, i-Elche kuyindawo yokwenziwa i-oasis ehlangana nokubukeka kwezwe.. Bakwenza kahle kakhulu, kangangokuthi kwabaningi iyihlathi lesundu elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Ukuyivakashela kucishe kufane nokuba ukwezinye zezindawo ezinhle kakhulu e-Afrika, izwekazi lapho singathola khona inqwaba yezihlahla zesundu, okungabalingiswa abangenakuphikiswa bale ndawo yokwenziwa yase-Valencian.

Ukujabulela isimo sezulu esisogwini lweMedithera, nesithwathwa esithambile ebusika namazinga okushisa angafinyelela ku-35ºC ehlobo, Las IPhoenix dactylifera bakhula ngenjabulo kule ngxenye yeSpain. Eqinisweni, awakudingi ukunakekelwa, ngaphandle kokuthenwa kancane. Yebo, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ngokuvunwa kwezinsuku, izithelo ezibaluleke kakhulu umsoco kuleli zwe.

Umsuka nomlando wePalmeral de Elche

Akwaziwa kahle ukuthi nini usuku eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi yayingafika nabaseFenike, noma ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho. Ngalo mqondo, isazi-mlando uJosé Aparicio Pérez wafakaza ukuthi babemelwe emikhunjini yase-Iberia yase-Elche. Ngaphambi kokunqotshwa kwamaRoma, insimu yesundu kakade yayinesimiso sokunisela, esandiswa. Kodwa ayizange iqede ukuthuthuka ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba yilapho abaseGibhithe, ochwepheshe bezokunisela, behlala endaweni namuhla ebizwa ngokuthi umphakathi waseValencia okwesikhashana.

Kamuva, amaSulumane azohlala, owayezotshala izihlahla zedathi ezengeziwe. Futhi ukuze bangabi namanzi, inethiwekhi yemisele nayo yadalwa, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa uhlelo lokunisela. NgeNkathi Ephakathi kwaphasiswa uchungechunge lwemithetho yokuvikela izihlahla zesundu. UJaume ngibe ngowokuqala ukugcina le ingadi injalo.

Ngo-2000 kwamenyezelwa Amagugu Emhlaba ngu-Unesco.

Ukwakheka kanye nenani lezihlahla zedethi ezitshaliwe

Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezihlahla zedethi kunangenkathi yamaSulumane, kodwa namanje kukhona cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-200-300 zezibonelo ezithatha indawo engamahektha angama-500. Isihlahla sesundu sakhiwe izinsimu zezithelo ezihlukahlukene, njengeHuerto del Chocolate, i-Huerto de Abajo, nedume kakhulu kuzo zonke: UHuerto del Cura.

Izihlahla zesundu zingamasundu akhula kancane; empeleni, kungathatha iminyaka eyishumi ukuqala ukwakha isiqu. Kodwa bayakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engaba ngu-300, uma konke kuhamba kahle. Labo abakha iPalmeral banempilo enhle ngenxa yesimo sezulu nabanakekeli babo, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kuye kwadingeka banqobe izinselele ezinzima kakhulu.

I-Imperial Palm, usuku lwe-Empress Sisisi

Kwakungonyaka ka-1894 lapho uMbusi u-Isabel de Baviera (Sissi) evakashele isihlahla sesundu. Lapho ebona lesi sifanekiso, esineziqu eziyisi-7 noma izingalo ezikhula zibe i-candelabrum, uSissi ubeke amazwana ukuthi ubufanele uMbuso.. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, leli sundu lesundu elingavamile lalizoqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Imperial Palm.

Ingamamitha angu-12,70 ukuphakama futhi ilinganiselwa eminyakeni engu-180 ubudala. Namuhla ivakashelwa abantu bakuleli dolobha, kodwa futhi ivakashelwa yizivakashi ezithanda ukwazi.

I-weevil ebomvu yesundu ePalmeral yase-Elche

Uma kunesilokazana esenze umonakalo omkhulu futhi esenza ezihlahleni zesundu, ikakhulukazi i-Phoenix futhi, uma sicacisa, ku-P. canariensis kanye no-P. dactylifera, Isikhumba esibomvu. Isibunu lesi; okungukuthi, uhlobo lwebhungane olunomzimba omude kakhulu, okuyinto esigabeni saso sezibungu imba imigudu ngaphakathi kwesiqu sesitshalo ngenkathi isidla.

Izimpawu ezibonakalayo yilezi:

• Iqabunga elimaphakathi lesitshalo, elisebenza njengomhlahlandlela, liyaphambuka endaweni yalo yokukhula.
• Izimbobo zingabonakala esiqwini okungakhishwa ngazo imicu.
• Ezimweni ezithuthuke kakhulu, umqhele wamaqabunga uhlala "ulenga" esiqwini, nakuba amaqabunga angase awe azoba nsundu (omile).

Ilashwa kanjani? Nokho, ngo-2005, okuyilapho yaqala ukutholwa ePalmeral de Elche, ukuphela kwento okwakwaziwa ukuthi iyasebenza ukwelashwa nge. I-Chlorpyrifos ne-Imidacloprid. Lezi zinambuzane, ngaphandle kokuxubana (okungukuthi, eyodwa isetshenziswa kuqala, kanti enye ngenyanga elandelayo) ijovwa ngaphakathi kwesiqu.

Uma isifanekiso singakakhuli isiqu kanye / noma sinempilo kusetshenziswa izinyathelo zokuvimbela, kungaba nge-nematodes, noma ngezibulala-zinambuzane okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. Kungase kube usizo ngisho nokuwunisela ngepayipi ehlobo, uwuqondise phakathi nesihlahla sesundu, ngoba ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuminza izibungu.

Futhi noma kunjalo, uma ingabonwa ngesikhathi kuba nzima ukuyilondoloza. Ngeshwa, kusukela okokuqala kutholwe kuPalmeral de Elche, inani labanikazi bezinsuku liye lehla. Ngenhlanhla, kusukela ngo-2017 ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwe-60% yesundu esigulayo asindisiwe.

Kodwa-ke, sincoma ukuthi uvakashele iPalmeral de Elche, ngoba siyaqiniseka ukuthi uzoyijabulela kakhulu.