Ungayinakekela kanjani i-dactylifera yasePhoenix noma isundu

Izihlahla zesundu ziluhlobo lwezitshalo ongakhathali ukuzibuka. Isiqu sawo esizacile, esithweswe umqhele ngamahlamvu angaphinywa noma amiswe okwefeni, abenze baba ngesinye sezithandwa kakhulu. Kepha uma bekufanele sisho ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu kubantu, impela iningi lethu belingasho ukuthi IPhoenix dactylifera, eyaziwa kangcono kakhulu ngegama lebhange ledethi.

Inesilinganiso sokukhula esisheshayo, inika umthunzi okhanyayo kepha omnandi futhi, into ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi ayigcini ngokumelana nesomiso kepha iyisitshalo, uyakwazi ukuzinakekela uma itshalwe emhlabathini. Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, sizonikezela nge-athikili ekhethekile kukho.

Umsuka nezimpawu ze IPhoenix dactylifera

La IPhoenix dactylifera, ethola igama losuku, i-tamara, i-phoenix, i-date palm noma i-palm ejwayelekile, ivela eSouthwest Asia naseNyakatho Afrika, futhi yenziwa ngeziQhingi zaseCanary. Kubonakala ngokufinyelela ubude obufinyelela kumamitha angama-30, nesiqu sobukhulu obuphakathi kuka-20 no-50cm ububanzi.. Amaqabunga aso ayimpintshi, acwebezelayo, aphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1,5 no-5 ubude, enamapheshana amade ayi-10-80cm, anombala ocwebezelayo.

Izimbali zihlelwe ngamagatsha amakhulu, ama-inflorescence amile aqhamuka ezindaweni ezi-brown phakathi kwamaqabunga entwasahlobo. Izithelo, ezikhiqizwa yizibonelo zeminyaka eyi-12-15 ubudala, zingamajikijolo ama-oblong-ovoid ama-3 kuye ku-9cm ubude., i-olintshi ekuqaleni kokukhula kwayo kanye ne-red-chestnut lapho iqeda ukukhula. Ngaphakathi kunezinhlamvu ezi-sub-cylindrical ellipsoidal ezingama-2-3cm ngo-0,5-1cm.

Izinga lokukhula kwalo liyashesha, likhula cishe ngama-30-40cm ngonyaka. Yini enye, isikhathi sabo sokuphila side kakhulu, kuze kube yiminyaka engama-300.

Yini ukunakekelwa okudingwa yidende?

Ungathanda ukuba nesundu edadini yakho? Uma kunjalo, naka lokhu okulandelayo:

Indawo

Kuyinto isitshalo ukuthi kufanele ibekwe endaweni enelanga. Njengoba inameva, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungayifaki eduze kwezindawo zokudlula, ngoba singazilimaza kakhulu.

Ukunisela

Ayidingi amanzi amaningi. Phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele, kuzodingeka ukuchelelwa amanzi masonto onke, bese kuthi unyaka wonke esele ngeviki wenele.

Umbhalisile

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo / ekuqaleni kwekwindla, kunconywa kakhulu ukuyikhokha ngayo Umanyolo wemvelo, njenge- isitibhili noma i umquba. Futhi Singangeza amaqanda ne-banana peels, izinkundla zetiye,… Nginomngane ovundisa izihlahla zakhe zesundu ngisho namaqabunga emifino angasadliki, futhi kufanele ngithi banensimu enhle.

Vele, uma sizoyifaka ebhodweni, kufanele sisebenzise umanyolo owuketshezi ukugwema ukuvimbela lokho amanzi lamanzi.

Imvamisa

Akufuneki. Ingakhula kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi amatshe amatshe noma yisanti.

Isikhathi sokutshala noma sokutshala kabusha

Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, lapho ingozi yeqhwa isidlulile.

Ukuphindaphinda

Imbewu

Uma sifuna ukuba nekhophi yamahhala yesundu, kuzodingeka sihambe komunye wemigwaqo yedolobha lethu noma idolobha futhi khetha izinsuku ezithile. Enye indlela esinayo ukuwathenga esitolo noma i-organic greengrocer.

Lapho nje sesinazo, Sizosusa igobolondo bese sizihlanza kahle ngamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho sizobahlwanyela ku-a indawo eshisayo (imbiza, ingilazi yeyogathi, isitsha sobisi, ... noma yini esiseduze nayo) ne-substrate yesiko jikelele exutshwe ne-30% perlite, namanzi.

Zizohluma ngemuva kwamaviki angu-1-2 ezingeni lokushisa elingu-20-25ºC.

Omncane

Intende yesundu ingenye yezintende ezimbalwa ezikhiqiza amaswidi. Lezi singazihlukanisa nesitshalo sikamama ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, noma ekwindla uma sihlala endaweni enesimo sezulu esipholile. Ukwenza lokhu, esizokwenza ukumba imisele ecishe ibe ngamasentimitha angama-40 ezungeze i-sucker esiyifunayo, bese siyihlukanisa nesandla esincane esasibulawa amagciwane phambilini ekhemisi.

Ekugcineni, sizokhulelisa isisekelo ngama-hormone anezimpande, sizowutshala ebhodweni ngomshini okhulayo futhi sizowunisela.

Uma konke kuhamba kahle, izokhipha izimpande ezintsha ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-2.

Izinhlupho nezifo

Izinambuzane

• Isikhumba esibomvu: ibhungane (bheka isithombe esingenhla) elenza ukuthi amaqabunga ome ngenxa yokwakheka kwemipheme ngaphakathi kwe-rachis. Ukwelashwa okuwukuphela kwesilinganiso esisebenzayo ukuvimbela, okumele kwenziwe phakathi nazo zonke izinyanga ezifudumele neChlorpyrifos. Ama-Nematode nawo angasiza (yizibungu ezincane ezidayiswa ezinkulisa nasezitolo ezikhethekile), futhi mhlawumbe umhlaba omnandi.
• I-Paysandisia: Inundu leli elibuye lidle ngaphakathi kwesihlahla sesundu. Akukho futhi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ulwazi olwengeziwe lapha.
• Ama-Mealybugs: zingavela kuma-specimens amancane, noma kulabo abomile. Banamathela emaqabungeni, lapho badla khona. Zingasuswa nge-Chlorpyrifos, noma nge-swab kakotini efakwe otshwaleni ekhemisi uma zimbalwa.

Izifo

Uma kunamanzi amaningi, isikhunta singavela, njenge-Phytophthora, ebangela ukufa kwezimpande. Ukuyivimbela, kufanele iniselwe ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ungalokothi umanzise amaqabunga.

Isibindi

Usekela kuze -10ºC, kepha ikakhulukazi uma isencane, amakhaza angafika ku- -4 -C ayilimaza kancane.

Yini IPhoenix dactylifera?

Ibhokisi ledethi linokusetshenziswa okuningana, okuyi:

• Umhlobiso: kungaba njengesibonelo esizimele, ngamaqembu noma ngokuqondaniswa.
• Okwezokwelapha: izinsuku ziyadliwa. Zinomsoco kakhulu, kangangokuba ziyisisekelo sokudla kwezifunda eziningi zeNyakatho Afrika kanye neNingizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubisi lusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza iLagmi, okuyisiphuzo esaziswa kakhulu izakhamuzi zase-oases.
• Ngemicimbi ekhethekile: e-Elche (eSpain) amaqabunga asetshenziswa ngeSonto Lesundu.

Uyini umuthi wokwelapha?

Uketshezi olukhishwe ezithelweni zesundu, elisetshenziswa njenge-emollient, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zomgudu wokuphefumula, njengamakhaza. Uma singayithandi ukunambitheka, singayifaka ngobisi olufudumele.

Isihlahla sesundu sase-Elche

ESpain sinenhlanhla ngokweqile ukukwazi ukujabulela izihlahla eziningi zesundu. Phakathi kwezinto ezithandwa kakhulu yiPalmetum yaseSanta Cruz de Tenerife, lapho kukhula khona izinhlobo zezitshalo ezishisayo nezingaphansi komhlaba, kanti enye iPalmeral de Elche (Valencia). I-UNESCO yamemezela iNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ngoNovemba 30, 2000, iyindawo ekahle yokujabulela ubuhle bemithi yesundu eminingana, ikakhulukazi amasundu.

Lapho, singabona futhi ne-Imperial Palm, igama elanikezwa njengenkokhiso ku-Empress Isabel de Baviera, owavakashela isakhiwo saseHuerto del Cura ngo-1894.

Uyazithanda izimakethe zezinsuku? Uma ufuna ukuba nayo, unganqikazi ukuvakashela inkulisa. Impela uzoyithola lapho 😉.