Ungayinakekela kanjani i-dahlias

Ama-Dahlias alungele ukuba nezimbiza, kuma-planter kanye nezinye izitshalo ezifanayo, futhi nasensimini, ngaleyo ndlela kwakheke umbukwane wemibala ehlobo.

UDahlias ungowokuzalwa, ikakhulukazi waseNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi waseMexico. Zaziswa kakhulu ngabathandi bezitshalo ngenxa yokuhlukahluka okukhulu kwemibala nokwakheka kwezimbali zazo, okulinganiselwa lokho Kunezilimo ezingaba ngu-20 XNUMX kwi-International Dahlia Registry.

Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwama-dahlias

Uma ungomunye wabantu abafuna ukuba nalezi zitshalo noma usuvele unazo, kufanele ukukhumbule lokho ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwale mbali kusekelwe ezicini eziningana eziyisisekelo: Ukukhanya nendawo, isimo sezulu, inhlabathi nomquba, ukuchelela, ukuqhakaza nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane.

Ukukhanya nendawo

Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhule kahle, kufanele itholakale endaweni enokukhanya okuningi, ikakhulukazi uma ufuna ukujabulela izimbali zayo ezinhle.

Ngaphakathi kwendawo lapho uzoyibeka khona, thola indawo lapho isitshalo singathola khona ukukhanya okuningi, okungaba seduze kwewindi noma endaweni yokukhanyisa ngaphakathi kwendlu yakho.

Manje, uma indawo lapho uhlala khona ilanga likhulu kakhulu, kuzodingeka ukuthi uyibeke endaweni enesithunzi, noma lapho kungavikeleka enkosini yenkanyezi ngesikhathi sokungena okukhulu kakhulu, okuvame ukuba semini.

Esinye isici okufanele usicabangele lapho ukhetha indawo yesitshalo sakho, kufanele kube umoya odlula kuwo, ngoba uma unamandla, i-dahlia yakho ingenza umonakalo omkhuluNgakho-ke thola indawo enikeza isitshalo isivikelo esanele.

Isimo sezulu

UDahlias anjalo zikhula kahle esimweni sezulu esipholileKungashiwo ukuthi iyintandokazi yabo, kepha ngaphandle kokuthi bamelana nokushisa kahle ngaphandle kokuchayeka kubo isikhathi eside, bangakwazi futhi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi namakhaza kuze kufike ku -5ºC.

Kunezindawo lapho isithwathwa sinamandla kakhulu kunezinye, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukusiza ama-dahlias akho ngengubo yemifino eminyene esisekelweni sayo nakuma-bulbs ayo, yize ungasusa okwakamuva futhi ukugcine endaweni evikelekile, uma izinga lokushisa liphansi impela. Lapho isithwathwa sesidlulile, ungabatshala futhi ngaphandle kwenkinga.

Umhlabathi nomquba

Ngokuqondene nomhlaba ongatshala kuwo noma ube nawo ama-dahlias akho, thola ukuthi kufanele icebiswe ngenani elihle lezinto eziphilayo, ngakho-ke singancoma ukuthi lokhu kube yi-worm humus, umquba noma i-bokasni, ngoba la manyolo azokuvumela ukuthi isitshalo sakho singenawo amakhemikhali okwenziwa.

Lapho kufanele uyibeke ukuze utshale i-dahlia, kufanele ususe inhlabathi noma i-substrate, ukuze ikhululeke futhi ibe nepayipi elingcono. Sebenzisa wonke umanyolo noma umquba owufunayo, ngoba inani eliningi lizokusiza ukuwunothisa kakhulu futhi ukhumbule ukuphinda le ndlela njalo ebusika.

Ukunisela

Yize ama-dahlias emelana nokushisa, akusho ukuthi ngeke akudinge ukuthi uwanisele, kunalokho, isitshalo sizokuthokozela kakhulu ukuchelela kwakho njalo nangokuningi, ikakhulukazi ngalezo zinsuku lapho kufudumele kunokujwayelekile.

Kulokhu kuzofanele umanzise wonke umhlaba hhayi amaqabunga esitshalo, ikakhulu izimbali zayo, ngoba ngale ndlela uzobe ugwema izinkinga zomswakama oweqile.

Kuyafaneleka ukuphindaphinda ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unisele ama-dahlias akho kaningi ngezikhathi ezishisayo, kepha ngaphandle kokuweqisa, njengokunye ama ngeke abambe amanzi amaningi noma umswakama, ngakho-ke, uma ukukwenza okuncane, kepha kaningi, ungakugwema okungenhla.

Izimbali

Abathandi bakaDahlia, kufanele wazi ukuthi lezi zitshalo ziyaqhakaza ezinyangeni ezimbili zokutshala ama-bulbs azo, isikhathi lapho kuzodingeka khona ukuthi lezi zimbali zisikwe, kuphela lapho zivule futhi zafinyelela ubude obufanele besiqu.

Lapho ukutshala sekunezinyanga eziyi-9, impahla edingekayo ingakhishwa ukukhiqiza izigxobo, ngokusho kokukhishwa kwemishini yezilimo eziyizigaxa zalesi sitshalo.

Izinambuzane

Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuma-dahlias ngeke kube yinkinga uma kunakekelwa kahle, njengoba lawa amelana nezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene, nakuba i-aphid umnyama uyisitha sakhe esikhulu.

Iziqu zalesi sitshalo ziyindawo eyintandokazi yalesi sinambuzane, yize singathinteka futhi yi-aphid eluhlaza, elwela ukuba yingxenye yokuqala yeziqu. Kuzofanele ubachoboze ngaphandle kokufuna ukukuqeda ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Esinye isinambuzane esithandwa yi-dahlias yiminenke, kepha ukuze ulwe kuzodingeka wenze izingibe ezithile.

Uma ungenakho ukunakekelwa okudingekayo nalesi sitshalo, ingahle ihlupheke nge-mosaic virus, kodwa futhi nesifo se-bacteriosis, okuthi uma sisithinta kakhulu, sikuphoqe ukuba ulahle isitshalo, ngakho-ke gwema kangcono ukumanzisa amaqabunga nezimbali ze-dahlia yakho.

Izici

Bafinyelela ubude obuphakathi kuka-30 no-100 cm ngamagatsha amaningi, isici lapho ungaba naso lapho uthanda khona kakhulu.

Lezi zitshalo zithanda ilanga, ngakho-ke ngeke zikhule kahle ezindaweni ezinomthunzi noma ezinomthunzi omncane. Ungaba nayo ngaphakathi endlini inqobo nje uma igumbi likhanya kakhulu futhi ungalinika cishe amahora angama-3-4 wokukhanya okuqondile (noma ngefasitela).

Impande engaphansi komhlaba yedahlia ivela entanyeni yesitshalo futhi ingeyohlobo lwesifo sofuba esithandwa kakhulu. Ikhula ngamafindo noma kuma-internode, okwakha isakhiwo esingagcina siphinde sikhiqize.

Ngokuqondene namaqabunga awo, lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni ngalunye lwe-dahlias, kepha lokhu kungaba lula noma kuhlanganiswe, kepha konke kulandelana okuphambene noma okuhlelisiwe. Ikhasi lalo leqabunga lingatholakala liphelele noma lihlukaniswe, limile okweqanda ngamaphethelo aqondile noma aqondile futhi aluhlaza ngombala.

Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zisesigabeni sazo futhi ziqoqiwe. Ukuma kwalokhu kuyehluka kuye ngezinhlobo, kanye nosayizi nombala wayo, kepha okubaluleke kakhulu okubomvu, okumhlophe, okubomvana okusawolintshi nokububende.

Ehlobo bese kuphela ekwindla, yizikhathi lapho ama-dahlias evame ukuqhakaza khona. Yize nazo zingachuma ezindaweni ezishisayo, amazinga okushisa aphezulu angenza ukuthi inqubo yokuqhakaza ime.

Izinhlobo zeDahlia

IDahlia isitshalo esaziwa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-50, kodwa kukhona ezinye ezaziwa kangcono kunezinye, ngakho-ke sizokutshela ukuthi yimaphi amanye amakhophi:

Okulula

Izinhlobo zama-dahlias elula ayinasayizi ovamile wezinye izinhlobo, ngoba zingafinyelela phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-45 kuye kwangama-60, kanti ububanzi bama-inflorescence abo bufinyelela cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 futhi ikakhulukazi yizimbali eziyizigaxa ezizungezwe umhlanga emigqeni.

I-Anemone

Olunye uhlobo lwama-dahlias kukhona I-Anemone, edume kakhulu futhi engakhula ize ibe phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-60 kuye kwangama-90, lapho ama-inflorescence ayo nawo angaba ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ububanzi.

Zingaba nolayini wezimbali zomhlanga noma eziningana, ezitholakala onqenqemeni, ngenkathi zingaphakathi kwalokhu Ine-disk yezimbali ezinkulu ezimise okwesigaxa.

collar

Uhlobo lwekhola dahlias, Ziyizimbali ezidlulisa ubuhle obumangalisayo futhi lokho kungabongwa kangcono, ngenxa yobude abangafinyelela kubo, obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-75 no-120, kanti obhasikidi babo bangaba nobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-10.

Mayelana ne-inflorescence yala ma-dahlias ilandelana ngezimbali zomhlanga, esekelwa yindandatho yokhololo yenguqu, equkethe i-tubular disk ngaphakathi.

Nymphs

Lolu hlobo lwe-dahlia lungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,2 ukuphakama, lapho i-curl inflorescence yayo ziyacabaleleka futhi zingaba ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ububanzi.

Izimbali zomhlanga zama-nymphs ziyisicaba futhi zinemiphetho ephakanyiswe kancane.

Okuhlobisa

Olunye uhlobo lwama-dahlias lolo lokuhlobisa, ezinye izimbali ezifika kumamitha ayi-15 ukuphakama futhi i-inflorescence kabani engamasentimitha angama-25 noma ngaphezulu, inezimbali zikamoba eziseceleni, ezibanzi futhi ezinamandla.

Eyindilinga

Kukhona futhi ama-dahlias ohlobo oluyindilinga, okuthi, njengoba igama lisho, Zindilinga ngokuma futhi zinamakhompumu afanayo, ngakho-ke zihlukaniswa kuphela ngobubanzi be-inflorescence yazo ekhululekile.

Ukukhula okuyindilinga kwale mbali kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,2 futhi kube nobubanzi obufinyelela ku-15 cm wezimbali ze izinduku eziyindilinga noma ezithambile.

IPompom

IPompom dahlias une-curl inflorescence emise ibhola Ingafinyelela kumasentimitha ama-5 ngosayizi, kanti izimbali zayo eziseceleni zigoqiwe ngethiphu eyindilinga noma ebuthuntu.

Khumbula ukuthi lezi ngezinye zezinhlobo zama-dahlias akhona, njengoba kunezinye eziningi, yize ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwabo nezimo zentuthuko yabo kuzohlala kufana.

Ukulandela izeluleko ezishiwo kule ndatshana, ungagcina indawo yakho ye-dahlia iphephile noma qala eyodwa uma ungenayo okwamanje. Okubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uqinisekisa ukuthi inakho konke ekudingayo ukuze ikhule kahle, ngaleyo ndlela ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokujabulela lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo.