Izihlahla zikwenza kanjani photosynthesize

I-Los izihlahla kanye izitshalo sicishe sigubuzele ngokuphelele uqweqwe lomhlaba, kuphela emapalini lapho singaba nobunzima obukhulu ekutholeni noma yikuphi. Ngenxa yazo, impilo eplanethi ingaba khona, ngoba izilwane zilandela umoya-mpilo eziwukhipha ngamaqabunga azo. Kepha siyabasiza nathi, ngokuxosha isikhutha abasisebenzisela ukwenza i-glucose… ne-oxygen. Ngakho-ke, kungashiwo ukuthi umjikelezo usuphothuliwe, yize iqiniso yilokho imifino yavela kudala ngaphambi kwezilwane 🙂.

Phakathi kwazo zonke, enye yazo ehehe ukunakwa kakhulu yilezo ze-arboreal. Uyazi ukuthi izihlahla zenza kanjani i-photosynthesize? Akunjalo? Siyakuchazela.

Yini i-photosynthesis?

I-photosynthesis inqubo yokwenza ukudla yizo zonke izitshalo. Ukuze bakwenze badinga i-chlorophyll, okuyinto eluhlaza eluhlaza ekhona emaqabungeni. I-chlorophyll imunca ukukhanya kwelanga, okuthi, kanye ne-carbon dioxide, kungaguqula ubisi oluhlaza (amanzi nosawoti wamaminerali izimpande ezimunca phansi) noma kube ubisi olusetshenzisiwe. Omunye wemiphumela yale nqubo, ngaphandle kokukhula kwesitshalo, yi-oxygen ephuma emaqabunga.

Kepha njengoba sazi, kunezihlahla kwezinye izikhathi (kungaba ehlobo uma zihlala ezindaweni ezomile nezishisayo kakhulu, noma ekwindla-ebusika uma zihlala ezifundeni ezibandayo) zingenamaqabunga. Ingabe nabo bathwebula izithombe? Cha bangakwazi `t. Ngalezi zinyanga bazophila ngezakhamzimba abazigcine unyaka wonke.

Ingabe izihlahla ezinamakhaza zenza ifotosyhesisi ebusika?

Izihlahla ezinamakhaza, okungukuthi, lezo eziphelelwa amahlamvu ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, zikwazile ukuhlala ziphila ngenkathi ekhula kabi kakhulu. Kanjani? Yebo, kuvela ukuthi esiqwini kanye nasemagatsheni anezimbotshana ezikhethekile kakhulu, ezibizwa lenticels.

Lezi zenziwe ngendwangu epholileyo, futhi banesibopho sokushintshaniswa kwamagesi asemkhathini nengaphakathi loqweqwe. Ngazo, izihlahla ezinamakhasi zikwazi ukuphefumula nokujuluka, ngakho-ke ziphile. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngalesi sihloko, chofoza lapha:

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izitshalo Ezinqumayo Zisinda Kanjani Ebusika

Izigaba ze-photosynthesis

I-photosynthesis inqubo edlula ezigabeni ezimbili, okuyizigaba ezibizwa ngokukhanya nezimnyama:

Sula isigaba

Kwenzeka lapho ukukhanya kushaya amaqabunga, ikakhulukazi ku-pigment esiyazi njenge-chlorophyll. Ngemuva kochungechunge lokuhlangana kwamakhemikhali, la mandla aguqulwa abe ama-enzyme e-ATP neNADPH, azobe esesetshenziswa esigabeni esimnyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-molecule wamanzi anciphisa ukukhipha umoya-mpilo.

Isigaba esimnyama

Kulesi sigaba, esibizwa nangokuthi yiCalvin-Benson Cycle, imikhiqizo etholakala esigabeni esicacile esingezwe ku-carbon dioxide (CO2) isetshenziselwa ukuthola ama-carbohydrateokungukuthi, ukudla kwezitshalo.

Inaleli gama ngoba ijwayele ukwenzeka ebusuku, kepha uma izigaba zamandla ezithwala amandla zingekho, zizovela kuphela emini.

Imephu yomhlaba ye-photosynthesis

Kule mephu ungabona ukuthi ikhaya lethu 'lihlaza' kanjani, uMhlaba. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kukhona nezidalwa zezitshalo olwandle: ulwelwe kanye ne-phytoplankton. Kuyahlaba umxhwele, akunjalo? Abantu bathembele kubo ukuze baphile, kodwa uma siqhubeka nokushisa amahlathi futhi singcolise izilwandle, ngeke sisasala nalutho.

Ngabe amahlathi angamaphaphu eqiniso eplanethi?

Kushiwo okuningi ukuthi izindawo ezifana nehlathi lemvula lase-Amazon noma amahlathi ase-Arctic angamaphaphu eplanethi, kodwa kuliqiniso kangakanani lokho? Yize kunzima ukukholelwa, hhayi okuningi. Ngokusho kwe- ukutadisha, amahlathi emvula akhiqiza kuphela ama-28% oksijini eMhlabeni. Kuningi, kepha cha, akuwona amaphaphu, kodwa yizinto ezincane ezakha i-phytoplankton, kanye ne-algae ne-plankton.

Lokhu kukhulula kuze kufike kuma-70% kagesi oyigugu futhi obalulekile esidinga ukuwuphefumula. Esinye isizathu sokunakekela izilwandle, okuyilapho behlala khona.

Ubucabangani ngalesi sihloko?