Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yamakhiwane

Umkhiwane isihlahla sezithelo esinqumayo esinezithelo ezivuthwa maphakathi nasekupheleni kwehlobo (Agasti noma ngoSepthemba eNyakatho Nenkabazwe). Banokunambitheka okuhle, okusha kakhulu, okulungele ukuqeda inkathi efudumele kakhulu yonyaka ngendlela emnandi kakhulu. Futhi ngukuthi, ngaphezu kwalokho, basekela isomiso kahle kakhulu futhi abadingi neze ukunakekelwa. Kepha bewazi ukuthi kuningi izinhlobo zemithi yamakhiwane?

Kulesi sihloko sizokukhombisa ukuthi yiziphi okulula ukuzithola nokuthi yiziphi izici zazo.

Izici eziyinhloko

Umkhiwane, owaziwa ngegama lesayensi le- UFicus carica, ngumuthi okhula ube ngamamitha ayi-4-5. Idabuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia, yize namuhla sekujwayelekile esifundeni saseMedithera. Ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izingadi namasimu ezithelo asezindaweni lapho imvula incane khona, ngoba ayigcini nje ngokukhiqiza izithelo ezimnandi, kodwa futhi inganikeza nomthunzi omningi uma ithenwa (ishiya isiqu sihlanzekile futhi yenza ingilazi ye-parasol ).

Njengoba sishilo, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zemithi yamakhiwane, ehluke kakhulu ngombala wesikhumba somkhiwane, kanye nokunambitheka kwawo (okumnandi noma okuncane). Zonke zidinga ukunakekelwa okufanayo, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhethe okukodwa okukuthakazelisa kakhulu lapho uya enkulisa.

Umkhiwane ekuqaleni uyinhlobo ye-monoecious, yize okwamanje i-dioecious. Uhlobo lwe-monoecious lisho ukuthi lunezimbali zabo bobabili ubulili ngaphakathi kwesitshalo esisodwa futhi i-dioecious enezimbali zobulili obuthile ezitshalweni ezihlukene. Phakathi kwezitshalo ezinezimbali zesilisa sithola izihlahla zamakhiwane zesilisa futhi lezo ezilinywayo kukhona lezo ezinezimbali zesifazane. Zonke izinhlobo zemithi yamakhiwane okwamanje emakethwa ezweni lethu imvamisa iyazimela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukuvundisa ngokwabo. Kwamanye amazwe ezinye izinhlobo ziyadingeka ukuze kube nokukhulelwa futhi izithelo zingakhula.

Inqubo yokufaka umquba esetshenzisiwe ibizwa ngokuthi yi-caprification. Le ndlela iqukethe ukuphatha womabili amagatsha anezithelo ezithile zesilisa emagatsheni ezitshalo zesifazane. Siyazi ukuthi amakhiwane amancane aphatha i-hymenopteran encane ebamba impova. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuvuthwa abakufezayo, bangenza izithelo zabo zikhule, ngoba uma kungenjalo bezizolahla izithelo ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izinhlobo zemithi yamakhiwane eSpain

Izinhlobonhlobo ezimakethwa eSpain azidingi le ndlela eshiwo ngenhla yokuvikela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ziyazala futhi izithelo ziyakwazi ukuvuthwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvundiswa ngama-ovules wezimbali zazo. Uma sifuna ukuthola isitshalo somkhiwane, into yokuqala okufanele sibe nayo ikhathalogi etholakala ezindaweni zokuthengisa ezikhethekile kuso. Namuhla akuyona imakethe enwetshwa kakhulu ngoba kunabachwepheshe abambalwa abazinikele ngokukhiqiza kanye nokuthengisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithi yamakhiwane.

Lokhu singakubona njengokubi, kepha kuphambene. Ngenxa yalokhu singaba nengadi endlini yethu enezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezitshaliwe ezisiqinisekisa ngomkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu. Yize umkhiqizo ophakeme noma ophansi nezikhathi zokukhiqiza zihlukile phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo, umkhiqizo ongahluziwe uzoba ngcono kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezihlahla zamakhiwane eSpain zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili. Lesi sigaba kuya ngokuthi zithela izinhlobo ezimbili zezithelo ngonyaka noma cha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sibiza amakhiwane avamile lawo anikeza isivuno esisodwa ngonyaka. Imvamisa, lokhu kuvuna kugxile phakathi kwenyanga ka-Agasti noSepthemba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinemithi yamakhiwane e-biferous. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zaziwa nangegama elijwayelekile lama-brevales ngoba anokucaca kokunikela izivuno ezimbili ngonyaka. Eyokuqala iqala ezinyangeni zikaJuni kuya kuJulayi bese zinika amakhiwane esikhundleni samakhiwane. Isivuno sesibili senzeka phakathi kuka-Agasti no-Okthoba futhi sibizwa ngokuthi amakhiwane.

Phakathi kwayo yonke le mithi esiyibonayo, amanye amakhiwane aphuze kakhulu futhi awavuthwa kahle ngenkathi yasekwindla. Lokhu kubagcina kahle ebusika futhi kuvuthwa ngokuphelele ehlobo elilandelayo. Amakhiwane ayizithelo ezaziswa kakhulu ukunambitheka kwawo okumnandi. Lokhu kwenza babe namaqoqo nokunambitha ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuwa.

Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zezihlahla zamakhiwane

Imikhiwane ejwayelekile

Yizo ezikhula ngokuzenzekelayo eMedithera. Lezi zihlahla zithwala amakhiwane kuphela, kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba eNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zaseSpain yilezi:

• I-Verdal: kuveza amakhiwane aluhlaza. Zivuthwa sekwedlule isikhathi, ngakho-ke ungazinambitha kuze kube nguNovemba. Vele, kufanele wazi ukuthi izimvula zasekwindla zingonakalisa izithelo eziningi.
• BlancaAmakhiwane amhlophe ngombala, futhi ungawagcina omile.
• Isikhumba esiqinileAmakhiwane amnyama ngombala, anesikhumba esiqinile, futhi avuthwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla.
• I-Fig Kadota: Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivela e-Italy futhi zaziwa ngegama likaDotato. Lapha amakhiwane anombala wesikhumba ophuzi ngokuluhlaza kanti uginindela ububende.
• Izinhlobonhlobo zamakhiwane ezulu: Sivela eMexico naseCalifornia futhi isithelo siphenduka nsomi ngenkathi inyama yaso iphenduka ibomvana ngokunambitheka okumnandi.

Amakhiwane okuphuza noma ama-bacoreras

Yibo abaziswa kakhulu. Mikhulu kunamakhiwane, futhi angagcinwa omile. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ozozithola eSpain yilezi:

• Umgexo: amakhiwane amnyama, futhi anomumo oyindilinga. Banomkhuba wokuklwebha nokuqhekeka.
• IGoina: amakhiwane amnyama kodwa anentamo ebomvu kakhudlwana. Awa kalula esihlahleni.
• Ngomlomo: amakhiwane aluhlaza ngandlela thile, asezingeni eliphansi kunalawo angaphambilini. Eqinisweni, empeleni abatshalwanga.
• I-Turkey eTurkey: izithelo zalo zimile njengepheya futhi zikhuliswa kakhulu kwa-Israyeli, e-Italy naseCalifornia. Isikhumba lapha samakhiwane sibomvu ngokubomvu futhi inyama yawo ibubende. Kuyinto enhlobonhlobo enoshukela futhi enamanzi amaningi.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zemithi yamakhiwane, ongajabulela ngayo ukunambitheka okwehlukile uma ufisa.