Isithombe - Wikimedia / Marko Vainu
Kukhona izitshalo cishe yonke indawo. Ngomhlabathi omncane, isembozo semifino, noma ngisho nobulembu, nomswakama othile, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhula kahle ngisho nasezikhaleni ezivuleka ezindongeni njengoba iminyaka ihamba.
Ezinye zezinto ezingakholeki kakhulu izitshalo ezinama-rupicolous, okungukuthi, lezo ezikhula endaweni enamadwala noma enamatshe. Kuningi kakhulu kunalokho ongakulindela, okwenza kube mnandi kakhulu ukutshala ezingadini lapho inhlabathi ingeyona isihlabathi njengoba besilindele.
Ziyini izitshalo ze-rupicolous?
Izitshalo ezinama-rupicolous yilezo, njengoba sishilo, zihlala emigodini noma emigodini yamadwala. Ziyaziwa nangokuthi i-lithophytes, i-epilitics, noma i-saxícola. Lawa matshe ngokuvamile angama-limestone, kodwa futhi angenziwa ngegranite. Izimpande ziguquke ukuze zimunce amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, inqobo nje uma bekwazi, ukuze ngenkathi evumayo yokukhula, njengesikhathi sesomiso, babe nethuba elingcono lokusinda.
Futhi lokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi kubhekwe ukuthi izikhathi eziningi kulezi zimo izimo zimbi kakhulu. Idwala livame ukubumbana kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi amakhambi akhule kulo, ngoba umhlaba omncane kakhulu ungahlala ebusweni bawo. Njengomphumela wakho konke lokhu, lokhu yindawo lapho umswakama ulahleka khona ngokushesha okukhulu, ukuvezwa kakhulu yimisebe yelanga nomoya.
Eqinisweni, kuyamangaza ukuthi kunezitshalo ezingakhula ezimeni ezinjalo. Kepha kukhona, njengoba singabona ngokwesibonelo ezindongeni zezindlu ezindala kakhulu, noma emaweni.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-lithophyte
Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ze-lithophytic: ama-orchid, izitshalo ezidla inyama, ama-bromeliads, araceae... Ezinye zazo zikhulele ezindlini, njenge IColocasia gigantea noma iDendrobium. Kepha ake sibazi kangcono, ukuze ukwazi ukubabona kalula lapho ufuna ukuyithola noma umane ufunde ukubabona uma kwenzeka ubona okuthile:
I-Asplenium septentrionale
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Michael Becker
El I-Asplenium septentrionale (ngaphambi I-Asplenium bifurcatum) ungowokuzalwa e-Europe. ESpain siyayibona eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, ikhula emigodini yamatshe e-granite. Kuyinto isitshalo ukuthi ayidluli ngamasentimitha angama-15 ukuphakama, nangamaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani (amaqabunga) ahlukanisa izikhathi ezi-1 kuye kwezi-3, njalo ngambili ngambili. AmaSori ansundu, futhi izinhlamvu eziqeda ukuvuthwa ehlobo zivela kuzo.
I-Colletogyne perrieri
Isithombe - I-Araceum / Helmut Kepplinger
El I-Colletogyne perrieri ukuphela kwezinhlobo zohlobo lweColletogyne. Kuyisitshalo se-herbaceous and tuberous esivame kakhulu eMadagascar, lapho sikhula khona nge-limestone. Amaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo, kanti izimbali zakhiwe ngesiphotha esimhlophe esinamabala ansomi, ne-spadix enamabala abomvu.
IColocasia gigantea
Isithombe - Wikimedia / David J. Stang
IColocasia gigantea isitshalo esibizwa nge-Indian taro noma indlebe enkulu yendlovu. Kuyimifino edabuka eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-1,5, bese iba namaqabunga amakhulu, aluhlaza ngemizwa ebonakala kahle njengoba iluhlaza okotshani.
I-Heterothalamus alienus
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Silkmr
El I-Heterothalamus alienus, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-romerillo, i-shrub etholakala e-Argentina, eningizimu yeBrazil nase-Uruguay lokho ifinyelela ukuphakama okuphezulu kwamamitha ama-3. Amaqabunga alula, afana nentambo, futhi aluhlaza ngombala. Izimbali zaso zingaba zesifazane noma ezeduna, futhi zihluma entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Isithelo lesi yi-achene ephuzi, equkethe imbewu engaba ngamamilimitha amabili.
I-Pinguicula longifolia
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Xemenendura
La I-Pinguicula longifolia, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-grasilla noma i-flytrap, iyisitshalo esidla inyama esihlala ePyrenees emaphakathi. Kungumuthi wokuthi inamaqabunga amade, afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-50 ubude, futhi aluhlaza okombala. Futhi zinamathela, ikakhulukazi ezinambuzaneni. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-lilac ngombala, futhi ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo.
I-Phoenix rupicola
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- Isithombe - Wikimedia / David J. Stang
La I-Phoenix rupicola, noma iCliff Date Palm, iyisundu esine-stem esisodwa esidabuka eNdiya naseBhutan. Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-8, futhi amaqabunga awo aphinyiwe, afinyelela kumamitha amathathu ubude. Izimbali ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence, avela phakathi kwamaqabunga, kanti izithelo zingama-drupes aphuzi-o-orenji ngamasentimitha ama-3 ubude aqukethe imbewu.
I-Platycerium bifurcatum
Isithombe - Wikimedia / Lijealso
El I-Platycerium bifurcatum ngumfeni owaziwa ngokuthi uphondo lwenyamazane noma inyamazane chub, futhi ivame kakhulu enyakatho yeMimosa Rocks National Park, e-Australia. Ingabe kuyisitshalo esakhiwa ngamaqabunga aluhlaza futhi avundile afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-90 ubude, neminye eyinyumba yombala onsundu futhi enesimo esiyindilinga esihlangana.
I-Tillandsia ibonantha
La I-Tillandsia ibonantha iyinhlobo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuqothulwa komoya. Sizoyithola ikhula yasendle isuka eMexico iye eCosta Rica, noma kuphi lapho ingakhona. Izimpande zabo zimfushane kakhulu, ngoba zikhula emadwaleni lapho zingenayo nhlobo inhlabathi 'yokunamathela'. Ingamasentimitha ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 ubude, futhi amaqabunga ayo angamasentimitha ama-4 kuye kwayi-9 ubude.. Lezi zinesikhumba, mncane kakhulu, unethiphu ebukhali, futhi zimbozwe uhlobo lwengcina emhlophe esebenza njengesivikelo emisebeni yelanga.
Uyazazi ezinye izitshalo ezi-rupicolous?