Izimila izidalwa eziphilayo ezihlakaniphile ezinekhono lokuthuthukisa izimfanelo ezahlukahlukene zokuzivumelanisa nemvelo. Isimo sezulu namazinga okushisa kungadala ukuthi izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziguquke ngezizukulwane ezilandelanayo ukumelana nezingqinamba.
Ngaphakathi kombuso wezitshalo, kukhona izitshalo ze-sclerophyllous, Bayini izitshalo ezilukhuni nebanga elifushane phakathi kwama-node amaqabunga. Izici zalezi zitshalo azenzelwa zona kodwa kunalokho zixhunyaniswe nalo mandla oguqukayo izinhlobo eziningi eziwamukele.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo
Igama elithi "sclerophyllous" livela esiGrekini ngoba "sklērós" lisho kanzima. Igama libhekisa ku- sclerophyllous plant morphology ukuzivumelanisa nezikhathi ezinde zesomiso nokushisa bakhule kanzima kunamaqabunga athambile nama-internode amafushane, okungukuthi, ibanga elifushane phakathi kwama-node amaqabunga. Lezi amaqabunga aqinile kakhulu, anesikhumba futhi aqinile ukuze umelane nesikhathi eside sesomiso. Ngokuvamile, zenzeka ndawonye ezindaweni ezithile ngakho-ke zakha amahlathi. Amaqabunga anzima ambozwe ngo resin ebizwa sclera.
Ukuthola izici zezitshalo ze-sclerophyllous, kwanele ukubuka ngoba kunjalo izitshalo ezinokhuni futhi unamaqabunga aqinile osayizi ophanayo okungohlobo lwe-arboreal noma lwe-shrub. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwezinhlobo ze- izitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-sclerophyllous vela ifayela le- i-arrayan, i-Espino steppe, ama-maquis, ama-Espinal, izihlahla ezinameva ezahlukahlukene, i-boldo, i-quillay, ilitha, i-colliguay, i-romerillo nezinye izihlahla ezihlala njalo namakhambi. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-sclerophyllous zase-Iberia Peninsula yilezi i-holm oak, i-carob, i-kermes oki noma i-oki le-cork.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zimfanelo, izitshalo ze-sclerophyllous yabelana ngezinye izici: izinhlobo eziningi Zihlala isikhathi eside ngenkathi ziphila iminyaka eminingi, eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezikhula kancane ezingalahli amaqabunga azo futhi zibukeka ziluhlaza njalo. Leli qembu lezitshalo linezakhiwo zasemoyeni nezingaphansi komhlaba eziguqulwa ngokuya ngezidingo zamanzi zesitshalo, ngoba yilokhu kwehlukahlukana okuvumela ukuthi kutholakale isinxephezelo esidingekayo sokulingana kwesitshalo.
Izitshalo ze-Sclerophyllous emhlabeni
Yize singathola izitshalo ze-sclerophyllous kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba, izindawo ezomile nezomile yizindawo lapho zitholakala khona kaningi. Kuvamile ukuwabona kufayela le- Izwekazi lase-Afrika, e-Australia, kwezinye izindawo zeNingizimu Melika nasengxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-United States. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ubathole ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu saseMedithera kwezinye izingxenye zeYurophu neNingizimu Melika.