Pseudomonas

Izitshalo, njengezidalwa eziphilayo, zinezinhlelo zazo zokuzivikela kumagciwane, isikhunta kanye namagciwane. Inkinga ukuthi, njengabantu, impilo yabo ingabuthaka. Amakhaza, ukushisa, ukoma, indlala, ngisho nokuthena esikwenzayo. Noma yisiphi isimo esinengcindezi senza ukuthi ama-microorganisms enze konke okusemandleni ukuwatheleleka, futhi phakathi kwawo sine- pseudomonas.

Yize igama lakhe lingakutsheli okuningi, kufanele ukwazi lokho ngamagciwane, ukucacisa kakhudlwana, amagciwane angenayo i-gram-negative; okungukuthi, banemvilophu ephindwe kabili eyenziwe ngamaseli avikela ingaphakathi lawo. Ziyaziwa ngale ndlela ngoba azinaki ibala elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-violet ngombala we-Gram (kungudayi okhethekile osetshenziselwa i-bacteriology ukubona lezi zinambuzane), kepha esikhundleni salokho uphenduke ubomvana.

Yini uPseudomonas?

AbakwaPseudomonas amagciwane angenayo i-gram-negative, ngenxa yezinhlobo zezintambo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-polar flagella, ezinganyakaza. Azikhiqizi izinhlamvu, kepha kunezinhlobo ezithile ezakha umucu webhaktheriya owakhiwe ngohlobo olulodwa noma eziningi zamagciwane futhi enesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokunjalo, uketshezi lwenhlanganisela yokuhlafunwa kwensimbi ephuzi ngokuluhlaza kujwayelekile kubo.

I-metabolism yakho ihluke kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza yizinto ezincane eziphilayo ezinamandla okufaka inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, kufaka phakathi abantu nezitshalo. Manje, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi akuwona wonke amaPseudomonas angama-pathogenic. Ngokwesibonelo, la UPseudomonas putida isetshenziswa njengokulawulwa kwemvelo kwezifo zezitshalo, njenge- I-Fusarium oxysporum, njengoba kuboniswe yilolu cwaningo olushicilelwe ku-Taylor Francis Online.

Atholakala kuphi amabhaktheriya ePseudomonas?

Lawa magciwane zikhula cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo enomswakama yomhlaba. Bangakwenza kumachibi okubhukuda, emabhakedeni esiwasebenzisela ukuqoqa amanzi emvula, ngamathuluzi uma behlala bacwile emanzini isikhathi eside. Sasibathola ngisho nasendlini, njengasendlini yokugezela noma kusinki.

Ngalesi sizathu, futhi njengoba zingabonwa ngamehlo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sigeze izandla zethu futhi sibulale amagciwane ngamathuluzi esizowasebenzisa ngaphambi kokuthena izitshalo, ngoba uma kungenjalo besingaba sengozini yokuthi zitheleleke .

Zithinta ziphi izitshalo?

Ngeshwa, miningi lapho idala khona umonakalo omkhulu, njenge- I-Pseudomonas syringae, ethinta izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, njenge imephu, imidumba, i-lilo, uphizi, izihlahla zezithelo ezifana ne-apula noma i-beet.

Noma kunjalo, uma singenayo yalezi, asikwazi ukuyeka ukuqapha. Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela akukaze kulimaze. Futhi ukuthi lapho izimpawu sezivele, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuqeda lesi sifo.

Yiziphi izimpawu?

Isikhumba segciwane noma isikhuni somlilo, njengoba kuvame ukubizwa lapho kuthinta izitshalo, yisifo esidalwa ikakhulu yi I-Pseudomonas syringae. Izimpawu nomonakalo ezikhiqizayo yilezi:

• Ukubukeka kwamabala aphuzi (i-chlorotic) eqabungeni, futhi kuzo sizobona amabala amancane ansundu noma amabala akhula abe makhulu aze afake lonke ikhasi.
• Izimbali zizophenduka i-necrotic ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi bangawa.
• Amachashazi amancane amnyama azovela ezithelweni, ngasikhathi sinye lapho belahlekelwa umbala wabo wemvelo.

Uyini umuthi olwa noPseudomonas ezitshalweni?

Okusetshenziswa kakhulu kukhona isikhunta esiqukethe ithusi (njenge lokhu). Kepha ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-biostimulants emvelo (ukuthengisa laphaukuqinisa amasosha omzimba ezitshalo. Vele, imiyalo kufanele ilandelwe ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo. Ukweqisa ngokweqile kungaba ukuphela kwesitshalo. Ngokunjalo, enye kufanele isetshenziswe kuqala (sincoma ukuthi kube yi-fungicide), bese kuthi ngemuva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu enye. Akufanele zixutshwe.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukusika, ngesikele esasifakwe amagciwane phambilini, izingxenye ezithintekile noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Ngale ndlela, sizokwehlisa ijubane ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Kungavinjelwa kanjani?

Into yokuqala ukucacisa lokho akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela, i-100%, isifokungakhathaleki ukuthi kuyini. Sikhuluma ngama-microorganisms abonakala kuphela nge-microscope, futhi okwaziwayo ukuthi kuthinta isitshalo lapho siqala ukuveza izimpawu.

Kodwa futhi kuyaziwa ukuthi, njenganoma yisiphi isifo, ingozi yokutheleleka ingancishiswa ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezithile. Endabeni yamanje, lezi zinyathelo yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Thenga izitshalo ezinempilo
• Banisele bese ubakhokhela lapho kunesidingo, ugweme ukweqisa
• Geza amathuluzi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa
• Vala amanxeba wokuthena ngophawu lokupholisa (kuyathengiswa lapha), ikakhulukazi uma izitshalo ezinamapulangwe zisikiwe
• Gcina izitshalo ezinezifo zikude neziphilile
• Sebenzisa ama-substrates amasha

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, amaPseudomonas ngamagciwane okumele ahlonishwe. Yingakho ke Ngithanda ukuphikelela entweni eyodwa: ukubulala amagciwane. Kuzothatha isikhashana, futhi ungagcina isitshalo sakho siphephile.