Redwood

I-Las izinkuni Angama-conifers amahle, hhayi nje ngosayizi wawo kuphela kodwa nangesikhathi sokuphila kwawo. Eqinisweni, bangaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3000 XNUMX uma nje izimo zilungile. Izinga lokukhula kwazo lihamba kancane uma siliqhathanisa nalezo ezinye izihlahla, kodwa lokho kuyabasebenzela, ngoba ubusika buyabanda futhi bunzima kangangokuba kubaphoqa ukuthi bayeke yonke imisebenzi yabo, ngaphandle kwale ebaluleke njengokuphefumula. Kamuva, entwasahlobo, ukuvuka kwabo kuhamba kancane, ukuze kuthi ngemuva konyaka babe sebekwazi ukukhula cishe ezinhlanu, mhlawumbe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngenhlanhla.

Futhi ukuthi isimo sezulu esikhona endaweni yalezi zidlakela yisona esivamile sentaba, esinamakhaza aphansi nobusika obubanda kakhulu. Ukuwa kweqhwa kuvame kakhulu esikhathini sokugcina sonyaka, ngakho-ke ekulimeni kungakhula kuphela ezindaweni ezithile. Noma kunjalo, kufanele ukubazi ngokujula.

Uyini umuthi obomvu?

ISecuoya yigama esilisebenzisayo ukubhekisa ochungechungeni lwezihlahla, ikakhulukazi ama-conifers, angafika ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika kumamitha ayi-115. Thuthukisa isiqu esiqondile, sengathi bekuyinsika, eqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi ikwazi ukuzungeza amamitha ayi-8 phansi.

Lezi yizitshalo ezinamaqabunga osayizi oguquguqukayo, omude nohlaza. Izigaxa zine-ovoid ngesimo futhi zivuthwa kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kokuba impova yenzekile ngasekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Izinhlobo ze-redwood

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-sequoia, kepha njengoba sizobona, kukhona eyodwa kuphela engeyehlobo lohlobo lwe-Secuoia. Abanye ababili bayizihlobo ezikude zalesi, kepha bangabomkhakha ohlukile. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

I-Redwood (I-Sequoia sempervirens)

Lona 'yi-redwood yangempela' ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi redwood noma i-redwood yaseCalifornia, futhi ingeyakhe njengoba sesithuthukele kuhlobo lweSequoia. Itholakala ngasogwini lwePacific lwaseNyakatho Melika, endaweni ephakeme phakathi kwamamitha angama-30 kuye kwayi-920 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-115, ihlala iluhlaza futhi ubude bayo bokuphila cishe iminyaka eyi-3200 XNUMX.

I-Giant sequoia (I-Sequoiadendrum giganteum)

La i-sequoia enkulu Isihlanganisi esihlala siluhlaza esaziwa ngokuthi i-velintonia, iSierra sequoia noma isihlahla esikhulu esidabuka engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeSierra Nevada, eCalifornia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakeme ezisukela kumamitha ayi-1400 kuya kwangu-2150 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-105 ukuphakama, yize into ejwayelekile ukuthi bahlala 'kuphela' kumamitha ayi-50-85. Isikhathi sabo sokuphila cishe seminyaka eyi-3000-3200.

I-Metasequoia (I-Metasequoia glyptostroboides)

I-metasequoia noma i-metasequoia yi-conifer engahlobene kakhulu ne-Sequoia. Eqinisweni, kunemininingwane eminingi eyehlukanisa:

• Es isinqumo.
• Izinga lokukhula kwalo, ngokuvamile, liyashesha.
• Usayizi wayo uma usufinyelele ebudaleni ususondele Amamitha ayi-45 ukuphakama, nesiqu esifinyelela kumamitha amabili ububanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivela eChina, ikakhulukazi evela eSichuan naseHubei. Kepha njengelukuluku kufanele wazi ukuthi ngesikhathi sePaleocene-Eocene, ibihlala nakhona manje entshonalanga yeNyakatho Dakota e-United States, naseDurango eMexico.

Njengokungathi lokho bekunganele, kuyizinhlobo ezingabizi kangako, yingakho kutholakala ngokwengeziwe ezingadini ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile ngisho nesifudumele.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi iSequoia ikhule?

Kuningi okushiwo ukuthi lezi zihlahla zihamba kancane, kodwa ... empeleni, ukuthi isitshalo siyephuza noma kancane ukukhula kuzoya ngesimo sezulu, inhlabathi, ufuzo lwazo kanye nezinselelo esibhekene nazo. , izifo, izinguquko ezinqala ekushiseni, ...).

Kepha uma i-redwood isebenza kahle futhi ungenazo izinkinga eziningi kakhulu, into ejwayelekile ukuthi kuthatha cishe iminyaka engama-20 ukwakha isiqu; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-metasecoya izothatha isikhathi esincane, phakathi kweminyaka eyi-10-15.

Kukhula malini i-redwood ngonyaka?

Futhi, kuzoncika ezintweni eziningi, kepha ngokuvamile ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angaba ngu-2-5 ngonyaka. Ungakhula kancane uma uwuvundisa njalo kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ngomanyolo onjenge-guano noma umquba. Kepha yebo, ungalindeli ukuthi ikhule ngamasentimitha angama-20 ngonyaka 😉.

Itholakala kuphi i-sequoia enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni?

Isihlahla esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yi-sequoia enkulu, engeyenhlobo I-Sequoia sempervirens. Yaziwa njengeHyperion, futhi itholakala eRedwood National Park, enyakatho yeSan Francisco eCalifornia. Linganisa amamitha ayi-115,9, futhi namuhla yisibonelo eside kunazo zonke esitholakele.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona okunye futhi okufanele kukhulunywe ngakho. Izinhlobo zingesakho I-Sequoiadendron giganteum. Bambiza ngoGeneral Sherman, kanti uhlala eSequoia National Park, eCalifornia. Kubhekwa njengomuntu ophilayo onenani eliphakeme kakhulu le-biomass emhlabeni, ngoba yize liphansi kuneHyperion ngamamitha angama-83,8, isiqu salo sikhulu kakhulu, sinobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-11. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude bamagatsha awo bungamamitha angama-40.

Yikuphi ukunakekelwa okufanele kunikezwe bona?

Uma unesibindi sokuba nesifanekiso se-redwood, sincoma ukuthi usinakekele ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Indawo: kufanele ibe ngaphandle, ngomthunzi omncane.
• Umhlaba:
  • Ingadi: icebile ngezinto eziphilayo, enemisele emihle.
  • Ibhodwe: ingxube ye-substrate yezitshalo ezine-asidi (iyathengiswa lapha) nge-30% perlite.
• Ukunisela: ukulinganisela kuya kaningi. Nisela amanzi amahlandla ama-3-4 ngesonto ehlobo, bese kuthi kancane unyaka wonke usebenzise amanzi emvula noma i-lime-free.
• Umbhalisile: kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nomanyolo ophilayo, njenge-guano, umquba, isithombo semifino noma umquba ovela ezilwaneni ezidla kakhulu ngokwesibonelo.
• Ukuphindaphinda: iphindaphindwa ngembewu ebusika, okumele ibhajwe esiqandisini izinyanga ezintathu. Ukuhluma kancane. Bangathatha izinyanga ezi-2-3 ngaphezulu ukuhluma.
• Isibindi: ilungele izindawo lapho isimo sezulu sipholile futhi sinomswakama, ngamazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka -18ºC no-30ºC.

Ucabangani ngala ma-conifers?