Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihlahla okuthi, ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, silahle wonke amahlamvu aso ukuze sihlale emagatsheni angenalutho. Imayelana ne- I-Ulmus. Kuyaziwa ngegama elijwayelekile elm futhi kuyisihlahla esinqumayo esifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angama-40. Zakha uhlobo oluqukethe izinhlobo eziningi, esizobona ezibaluleke kakhulu kuzo. Ungumuthi omkhulu, oqinile futhi isithombe sawo sithinta okungaphezu kwesisodwa lapho usibona.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela izici nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwezihlahla zohlobo lwe-Ulmus futhi sichaze izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezaziwa kakhulu.
Izici eziyinhloko
Iziqu zalezi zihlahla ziwugqinsi impela hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi iqonde ngokuphelele. Kwesinye isikhathi sikuthola ngendlela ehlukumezayo. Okunye okukhethekile lezi zihlahla ezinakho ukuthi njengoba zikhula futhi ziguga, isiqu siqala ukuba umgodi. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kwenzeka ngezibonelo ukuthi, ukuze uzinakekele kahle futhi wethule ubuhle obuhle emapaki nasezivandeni, benziwa izihlahla njalo. Amagxolo amboza isiqu anzima futhi aqhephukile ekubunjweni. Inombala onsundu, kwesinye isikhathi inamathoni amnyama kanti kwesinye isikhathi iba mpunga ngombala.
Kungumuthi osetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amapaki kanye nezingadi ngokubaluleka okubalulekile okunikeza umthunzi omkhulu ngokwanele. Ngokuba nomqhele onamahlamvu aminyene, amahlumela amancane kodwa amaningi kakhulu, uyakwazi ukugcina izinkulungwane zamaqabunga aletha umthunzi. Amaqabunga athi anomumo olula, ohlukile futhi ovate. Amaphethelo ama-blades ahlanganiswe kabili futhi amise okwenhliziyo. Ukulinganisa kwayo kuyisisekelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimbali zihlelwe kuma-inflorescence angaqoqa izimbali ezingafika ku-30. Ziveza isithelo esisabalala ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga akheke ngokuphelele. Isithelo sawo sinesimo esicabale ngasohlangothini olulodwa futhi kuthiwa sisesimweni se-samara. Izithelo lapho zizalwa zinombala oluhlaza futhi lapho zivuthwa ziba ophuzi. Zibamba ngasekupheleni kobusika lapho kufika intwasahlobo namazinga okushisa ephakeme.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-Ulmus
Imvamisa, izihlahla zohlobo lwe-Ulmus zitholakala ezindaweni ezifudumele enyakatho nenkabazwe. Akukho mehluko phakathi kwamazwekazi. Ithanda inhlabathi emanzi, ejulile enezinto eziphilayo ezanele nomquba. Ukutshalwa kwayo kungenziwa kwezinye izindawo eziseningizimu, uma nje lezi zimo zemvelo zilawulwa.
Uhlobo lwesimo sezulu lapho i-Ulmus ichuma khona futhi inezimo ezinhle zenhlabathi isenza simelane cishe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezilokazane nezifo. Uma ingekho esimweni esifanele, izobhekana nenkinga ethile. Isibonelo, ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo ziyathinteka yi kwabizwa ikhowe I-Ceratocystis ulmi kanye nesifo esaziwa nge-graphiosis.
Isikhunta esisibonile sithwalwa ngamabhungane ngejubane eliyisimanga. Lesi sifo sithinta izinhlobo eziningi emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi eYurophu. Lokhu kudala ukuncipha kwabantu babo kuze kufike ku-80%, ngakho-ke I-Ulmus isivele ibhekwa njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa.
Ukusetshenziswa okwaziwa kakhulu
Manje sizohlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sihlahla. Inezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo, isetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Amagxolo ayingxenye ye-elm esetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokulungiswa kokuthanjiswa noma ngendlela yokugcotshwa, kungasetshenziswa ukwelapha izinkinga zokuqaqamba kwamaphaphu, amajaqamba esiswini kanye nomphumela wokulwa nesifo sohudo. Kunezifundo eziningi ngamagxolo e-elm futhi bawabeka kwezokwelapha njenge-astringent, antispasmodic futhi kwembulwe ukuthi kunezici ze-expectorant. Lokhu kuholele ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kwezokwelapha zesimanje ngezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokuphefumula.
Ibuye ibe nezindawo zokulwa namagciwane ezisiza ekwelapheni izilonda ezahlukahlukene ezingaphezulu. Ngamanxeba ajulile ukusetshenziswa kwayo akunconyiwe, ngoba kungadala ukucasuka okukhulu. Ezikhathini zasendulo, kuze kube muva nje, izinkuni ze-elm bezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezikebhe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inokumelana okuphezulu namanzi. Lapho isoma, kulula ukugoba kumumo ohlukile. Yayigugu kakhulu ifenisha nokwenza amakhabethe kusetshenziswa ukubonga okumnyama okutholayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwehle kakhulu kusukela lapho inani labo lehla kakhulu.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zohlobo lwe-Ulmus
Sizokwenza incazelo emfushane ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko zohlobo lwe-Ulmus
Ulmus omncane
Kuyaziwa ngegama le- i-elm ejwayelekile. Ingafinyelela ukuphakama okuphezulu okungaba ngamamitha angama-30 ukuphakama. Inokukhula okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi lapho isencane. Amaqabunga asetshenziselwa ukondla ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo ezinjengezimfudu noma onogwaja. Ikhula phezulu ukusuka kumamitha ayi-0 kuye kumamitha ayi-1650.
Iyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa size sifike ku -20 degrees, kepha ayibekezeleli usawoti. Ungayithena ukuze ususe amagatsha owomile namadala.
I-Ulmus glabra
Kuyaziwa ngegama elijwayelekile le- intaba elm. Itholakala emahlathini ahlanganisiwe, izihlahla ze-beech noma ze-fir. Ukuphakama kwayo okuphezulu kungafika kumamitha angama-40. Amagxolo anezici ze-astringent ne-sudorific. Ikhetha inhlabathi evundile futhi imelana nokungcola nomoya.
Ulmus parvifolia
Igama layo elijwayelekile ngu ama-chinese elm. Yi-bonsai ejwayelekile enezindlu. Ayibekezeleli isithwathwa noma ilanga eliningi eliqondile. Kufanele uwunisele amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 emavikini ehlobo ukuze uhlale unomswakama.
ulmus pumila
I-Vulgarly eyaziwa ngokuthi i-siberian elm. Ukuphakama kwayo kungamamitha ayi-15 futhi ikhula ngokushesha eminyakeni yayo yokuqala. Ivumelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi, kufaka phakathi i-limestone. Kulula ukukwenza ukuthena kwamagatsha njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4 ukugwema amahlamvu amaningi.
ulmus laevis
Waziwa ngokuthi i-elm emhlophe noma ukuthuthumela kwe-elm. Ifinyelela kubude obungamamitha angama-35 futhi ingakhula isuke olwandle iye kumamitha ayi-1700. Ivumelana nenani elikhulu lomhlabathi.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo eziyinhloko zohlobo lwe-Ulmus.