Uma ungomunye walabo abangathanda ukuba nophayini wamatshe engadini yakho, futhi ube nendawo, unganqikazi ukutshala amantongomane kaphayini. Ukuzibuka ziqhume futhi zikhule kungumuzwa omuhle kakhulu, ngoba akugcini nje ngokuba nesilinganiso sokuhluma okuphezulu (okungukuthi, cishe yonke imbewu iyahluma) kepha futhi zifinyelela ebudaleni kalula.
Ngakho-ke uma udinga ukwazi utshala nini futhi kanjani amantongomane ephayiniNgezansi sizochaza konke odinga ukukwazi ukuze uphumelele.
Izici eziyinhloko
El uphayini wamatshe Inomsuka wayo endaweni yaseMedithera. Itholakala cishe kuwo wonke ubude bendawo yasogwini futhi ifinyelela eChina. Yize inale ndawo ebanzi yokusatshalaliswa, eSpain kunezindawo ezikhiqizwa kakhulu kula manati ephayini. Ezinye ze izindawo ezivelele kakhulu kulo mkhiqizo ophakeme yi-Andalusia neCastilla y León. I-stone pine inamanani amaningi ngaphandle kokutshala amantongomane ephayini. Elinye lamavelu wesitshalo inani lezomnotho ama-specimens nokuhlobisa anakho.
Khumbula ukuthi amantongomane ephayini aziswa kakhulu futhi ayingxenye yama-dessert amaningi nezitsha ezijwayelekile ezindaweni eziningi zase-Europe. Ukuba yingxenye yomsoco womuntu weminyaka eyizinkulungwane, kuyisisetshenziswa esisetshenziswa kabanzi namuhla. Sengeza nezindlela zokungenisa amantongomane ekudleni okunempilo nokuhlukahlukene. Ikhoba lamaphayinaphu lisetshenziswa njenge-biofuel ukuze lisetshenziswe kangcono.
Enye ye- ukusetshenziswa lelo phayini eliyitshe elinalo yilokhuni, i-resin noma i-bark esetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwama-tannins. Sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhlobisa ngoba kwezinye izindawo zase-Europe, njenge-Italy, kunenqwaba yamaphayini ongayithola yakha uquqaba lwama-arboreal wokuhlobisa emadolobheni.
Izidingo zikaphayini wamatshe
Sizobona ukuthi yini izidingo zalesi sihlahla ukuze sikwazi ukutshala amantongomane kaphayini kahle. Sihlahla lesihle, ngakhoke siyakhona kumelana netikhatsi tesomiso kanye nekushisa lokukhulu. Iyakwazi ukumelana namanani okushisa angaphezu kwama-degree angama-40 kalula. Ungase ucabange ukuthi amakhaza angenye yezindawo zawo ezibuthakathaka, kepha futhi imelana nesithwathwa ngamanani okushisa kwehle kuye ku- -20 degrees. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ngama- -10 degrees isivele iqala ukuba nohlobo oluthile lokulimala, kepha ingahlala isikhashana. Lokhu konke kuya ngeminyaka yesihlahla.
Lawa makhono nokuqina kwawo akuvumele ukuthi kusabalale ezifundeni ezibanzi lapho sinesimo sezulu esihluke kakhulu. Isibonelo, itholakala kokubili ezimweni zezwekazi nasezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esisogwini. Kubuye kuhluka ngokuphakama. Ungaluthola uphayini wamatshe ezindaweni eziphakeme ohluka phakathi kwamamitha ayi-0-1200 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi, iyahlukahluka ekhombisa ububanzi bayo bokuba rusticity. Yize ingakhula ebumbeni nasemhlabathini we-limestone inokukhetha okuhle kulabo inhlabathi ene-pH ene-asidi futhi idonsa ukuthungwa kwesihlabathi ngaphezulu. Ngokuba naleli khono lokuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi, kuvumela ukusatshalaliswa kwalo phezu kwenqwaba yamathafa we-edaphological. Uma sibheka izidingo zayo zokudla okunempilo, ayidingi inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, ngakho-ke ingahlwanyelwa enhlabathini engenamsoco. Ukuphela kwento engakubekezeleli kahle ukuminyana kwamanzi. Leyo nhlabathi efakwa kalula ngenkasa noma ngamanzi emvula ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu zezimpande.
Izici ezibalulekile
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni amantongomane ephayini ukuthi ukwethulwa kukaphayini wamatshe sekwephuze kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, angamantongomane abiza kakhulu. Futhi ukuthi isihlahla sizodinga cishe iminyaka engama-20-30 ukuze sikwazi ukuqala isikhathi sokukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwamantongomane ephayini. Lokhu kwenza ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuhamba kancane ngoba kufanele ilinde izihlahla zivuthwe futhi zikwazi ukukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu.
Ekugcineni, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ukuqhakaza kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi Amantongomane ephayini avuthiwe ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu ngemuva kokuqhakaza Lesi sici sibalulekile futhi lapho kukhiqizwa.
Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, amantongomane kaphayini angamantongomane afunwa kakhulu, hhayi nje kuphela ngokunotha kwawo kokudla okunempilo, kepha ngokubaluleka kwawo. Banamafutha amaningi anempilo abenza baphelele kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla okunempilo.
Yini engiyidingayo ukutshala amantongomane ephayini?
Ngaphambi kokuqala, ngaso sonke isikhathi kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi ube nakho konke okudingayo okulungele, kulokhu okulandelayo:
- Izimbiza ujule ngobubanzi, cishe u-10,5cm ububanzi ngo-13 noma ngo-14cm ukujula.
- Ukuthumela okungaphansi isiko lendawo yonke elihlanganiswe ne-perlite ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.
- Ukunisela kungaba ngamanzi.
- Isikhunta. Uma kuyintwasahlobo, kungaba ithusi noma isibabule, kepha uma kusehlobo kufanele usebenzise isifutho sokubulala isifutho.
Futhi, yize kungeyona into ephathekayo, kubalulekile futhi ukubheka ukuthi ukuze sibe nentuthuko enhle kumele sihlale endaweni lapho ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka izinga lokushisa lehla lingaphansi kwezingu-0 degrees, ngoba uma kungenjalo angakwazi ukukhula kahle.
Ama-pine nuts atshalwa kanjani?
Lapho konke sesikulungele, kuzoba isikhathi sokulandela lesi sinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthenga amantongomane ephayini entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, zifakwa emanzini amahora angama-24.
- Amabhodwe abe esegcwaliswa nge-substrate.
- Ngemuva kwalokho kubekwa inani eliphakeme le-pinion noma amabili ngakunye.
- Ekugcineni, zimbozwe ungqimba oluncane lwe-substrate futhi luniselwa.
Ukugwema ukwanda kwesikhunta kunconywa ukwelapha nge-fungicide.
Lapho kuhlwanyelwa, zibekwa endaweni lapho zinikezwa khona ilanga eliqondile, kanti i-substrate igcinwa imanzi. Esikhathini sezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu sizobona okokuqala kuhluma.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungatshala kanjani amantongomane ephayini nokuthi kanjani.
Yini i-substrate?
Sawubona carmen.
I-substrate ikhula inhlabathi yezitshalo. Ezinkulisa bathengisa izingxube eziningi esezenziwe ngomumo: i-substrate yama-orchid, imibhede yezimbewu, izingadi zemifino, ... Kunconywa kakhulu.
A ukubingelela.
Sawubona ngatshala imbewu ye-araucaria Widwilli ne-pint phansi emboza imbewu phakathi, ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ngiyisusile phansi ukuze ngibone ukuthi kwenzekeni ...... yahluma njengempande emhlophe, engifuna ukukwazi uma kufanele ngiyishiye bye noma ngiyiphendule?
Sawubona Stella.
Okokuqala, siyakuhalalisela ngalokho kuhluma 🙂
Mayelana nombuzo wakho, cha, kufanele uwushiye unjalo. Uyena yedwa ozokhula ngendlela efanele.
Ukubingelela
sawubona, ngatshala amantongomane amabili ephayini ngegobolondo ngoDisemba, futhi womabili ahlumile kepha ahlobene nakancane nesithombe onaso, okwami kunamaqabunga abanzi hhayi ukukhomba njengepayini ngakho-ke ngiyangabaza ukuthi kungumphini, yize noma kunjalo kwahluma lapho ngatshala khona, ungangitshela ukuthi zingaba yini? Futhi uma ngiphinde ngibatshale futhi lapho kufika intwasahlobo ngizokwenza futhi ngaphandle kokususa igobolondo, akunjalo? Ngiyabonga
Sawubona uJoseph Ballester.
Kungenzeka kube yizihlahla zecypress.
Mayelana nombuzo wakho wesibili, yebo, kungcono ukuwaxebula.
A ukubingelela.
IMIBUZO YOKUTSHALA AMAPINSI
+ Iphayini lapho ngivuna khona izigaxa zikaphayini liphethe, ezinye ziluhlaza futhi zivaliwe kanti ezinye zivuthiwe futhi zivulekile, okuyizinto engiziqoqayo, ingabe eziluhlaza zizoba ngonyaka olandelayo?
+ Kulo nyaka ngiqoqe uphayinaphu ngo-Agasti 20. Beka ukuze kome elangeni.
+ Yisiphi isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala amantongomane ephayini ezimbizeni?
+ Ingabe amantongomane kaphayini avela ngonyaka odlule (2017) alungele ukutshalwa? noma kufanele ngizidle.
+ Nginamantongomane ephayini esiqandisini (izinyanga ezi-1 noma ezi-2) (uma sezidlulile emanzini nakulezo ezintantayo zisusiwe), ngibe sengizibeka kuthileyi enesisetshenziswa sephepha elimunca, isinamoni powder, kanye elinye iphepha lasekhishini ku. Ngiyazithambisa ngimboze ugqoko ngocwecwe lwe-aluminium. Futhi ngiyazithambisa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-3-4. Lapho sebekhiphe ikhilikithi, sengivele ngiyalungisa ukutshala.
Umhlabathi engiwufaka ezimbizeni ngokuyisisekelo yi "substrate" (amasaka enhlabathi yensimu) engxenyeni engezansi yebhodwe i-substrate eshibhile futhi ebonakala yomile futhi engxenyeni engenhla eyodwa yomswakama ocolekile futhi onomswakamo omncane noma omningi ngaphezulu. (Lo mswakama onomswakamo omkhulu futhi engiwusebenzisayo ukwenza ukutshala utamatisi, ubhontshisi ... njll.)
Ngitshala utshebe ngembiza encane, iyogathi noma i-1/2 brik. Inhlabathi engiyisebenzisayo ilungile. Iphini, kufanele ngilitshale phezulu phezulu noma ngicwile. Ngegobolondo eliphukile noma elingaphuli. Uyayinisela ngaphambi kokuzalwa?
Inikeza isithombe sokuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokutshala iphayini, umhlabathi osembizeni ubonakala womile futhi udinga ukuniselwa. yebo ... cha? ... .. ngeshawa ... ... noma nge-diffuser phezulu kuphela?
Nginisela kanjani manje: lapho ngilungisa inhlabathi engizoyitshala, nginamanzisa umhlabathi ebhodweni ngekani lokunisela, ikakhulukazi ingxenye engezansi yebhodwe icwiliswe kahle nengxenye engenhla, lapho kufanele ngibeke khona iphini, kancane okumanzi. Ngenkathi ngilinde iphinikhoni ukuthi isuse amaqabunga, nginamanzisa amabhodwe nge-diffuser kuphela ingxenye engaphezulu kwebhodwe. Lapho amaqabunga ephuma futhi isiqu sikhula, ngiyanisela ibhodwe, ngebhodlela elinesipuni, amaconsi ambalwa amanzi eduze kukaphayini ozelwe, ngiqaphele ukuthi angamanzisi isiqu noma amaqabunga. Angicabangi ukuthi amanzi amancane enginisela ngawo aphansi kakhulu futhi ngicabanga ukuthi awawathathi empandeni.
+ Lapho ichanyuselwe futhi igobolondo seliphumile, ingabe kufanele uyinisele kaningi? Ukunisela kungasabalalisa noma kusabalalise ??. Ingabe kufanele ngimsize aqede igobolondo?. Bathi kungcono ukunganiseli amaqabunga-
+ Uma ibhodwe lincane, kufanele ngilifakele kwelinye elikhudlwana… uma selizelwe emva kokuzalwa kwabo….?
+ Kunini lapho kuzoba lula khona ukuwayisa ehlathini…. ngonyaka ofanayo noma ngonyaka olandelayo? Ebusika entwasahlobo noma ekwindla… ..
+ Ngingawathenga kanjani amanetha lapho izikhala zezitshalo zitshala khona iphayini. Noma akudingekile ...
- Uxolo uma kukhona okungaqondakali…. ukuhumusha komshini we-google.
Sawubona!
Ngithi kuwe:
-Amaphayinaphu aluhlaza awonyaka ozayo.
-Amantongomane kaphayini angatshalwa ebhodweni ngokushesha nje lapho uwakha esihlahleni. Kepha zizohluma entwasahlobo.
-Lezi zangonyaka owedlule ungazihlwanyela, kodwa okokuqala uzifake engilazini yamanzi ukubona ukuthi ziyacwila yini. Uma kwenzeka, kungenxa yokuthi zisasebenza.
-Izwe lilungile, yebo. Kufanele uyimboze kancane, ngongqimba ongaphansi kuka-0,5cm we-substrate.
-Kunjalo, umhlaba ulahlekelwa umswakama. Kufanele uyigcine imanzi ukuze amantongomane kaphayini aqhume. Ungakwenza ngebhodlela lesifutho, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi wonke umhlabathi ufakwe kahle.
-Ngalokho ungabeka ipuleti ngaphansi kwebhodwe.
-Cha, amaqabunga akufanele abe manzi. Nisela cishe kathathu ngesonto ehlobo bese unciphisa unyaka wonke. Fafaza ithusi noma isulfure entwasahlobo ukuze isikhunta singaveli.
-Kumele babe kuleyo mbiza eyodwa kuze kuphume izimpande emigodini.
-Uma nje izimpande ziphuma, ungazitshala ehlathini, entwasahlobo.
Angiwuqondi lo mbuzo wokugcina. Usho ukhula olunezikhala?
A ukubingelela.
Sawubona!
Imiphini esanda kuhluma kufanele iniselwe kangaki?
Angakanani amanzi adingekayo?
Sawubona Alejandra.
Kuzoya ngokuthi ibhodwe likhulu kangakanani, kepha kufanele unisele kuze kube yilapho wonke umhlaba umanzi kahle.
Njengoba imiphini emincane kakhulu, izingilazi ezimbili zizokwanela, empeleni.
A ukubingelela.
Sawubona, umbuzo ebengiqoqa izigaxa zikaphayini ngathola (ngicabanga ukuthi isimanga esinembali ebomvu) umfana ojoyine umbhangqwana ozotshala ngoba abenezimbewu zawo umbuzo wami ukuthi ngabe uphayini noma isiraphu yini futhi uma ungangitshela ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlukahluka, ngiyabonga
Sawubona Hugo.
Ungasithumela isithombe, ngokusebenzisa facebook Ngokwesibonelo? Ngakho-ke singakusiza kangcono.
Sanibonani nonyaka omusha omuhle.
Sawubona, ngivela ePeru, ngifuna ngempela ukwazi imbewu yamatshe ephayini.
Ngingayitholaphi.
KUFANELE BAHLUKANISWE UKUZE BAPhume NGAPHAMBI KANYE NOKUTHI BANGCWABISWE BONKE NESIKHUNGO SONKE
Sawubona u-Antonio.
Bangangcwatshwa negobolondo ngaphandle kwenkinga.
Ukubingelela
Sawubona, ngivela eChile futhi ngithole izigaxa zikaphayini eziningi, ngisuse imbewu, kepha intwasahlobo iyaphela ngoba uDisemba 21 yi-solstice yasehlobo, futhi sesivele singoDisemba 6. Umbuzo-ke ngothi, ngisengakwazi yini ukuhlwanyela imbewu noma sekufika ihlobo? Ngihlala eningizimu yeChile futhi kuvame ukuba nomswakama lapha, kanti ehlobo amazinga okushisa awaphakeme kangako kepha ekwindla nasebusika lina kakhulu. Ngibahlwanyela?
Sawubona Mahle.
Yebo kulungile. Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela imbewu. Ngingancoma kuphela ukufaka umbhede wembewu elangeni kusukela ngosuku lokuqala, ukuze izithombo zijwayele ngokushesha.
Ukubingelela
Sawubona... thintana ne-pinion ivame ukuhlwanyelwa ithiphu libheke phezulu... ngakho konke okunye ngiyabonga kakhulu
Sawubona Exequiel.
Kungcono ukuwabeka phansi 🙂
A ukubingelela.