Umehluko phakathi kwezitshalo ezi-monocotyledonous kanye nezidayiwe

Izitshalo zingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene: ngohlobo lwembali, ngosayizi efinyelela kanye lapho isikhulile, ngokuma kwamaqabunga awo ... Kepha, kwezitshalo, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okusetshenziswa kabanzi futhi ukwahlukanisa izitshalo Ngena ama-monocot nama-dicot. 

Asho ukuthini lamagama amabili? Zihluke kanjani komunye nomunye?

Izitshalo ezi-monocotyledonous

Ama-monocots yizitshalo eziqhakazayo (ama-angiosperms) abonakala ngokuba ne-cotyledon eyodwa, okungukuthi, kuphuma iqabunga elilodwa lakudala lapho lihluma, esikhundleni sezimbili. Kepha into ethokozisayo ayigcini lapha, kepha lo mehluko wedlula ukuthi mangaki amaqabunga ahluma lapho imbewu ihluma. Eqinisweni, ukukhula kwazo kwehluke kakhulu kokwama-dicot. Ngichaza ukuthi kungani:

Lezi zinhlobo zezitshalo azinakho ukukhula kwesibili kwangempela, okungukuthi, azinaso isiqu sangempela, futhi uma usisika, awuziboni izindandatho zonyaka ozozibona ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni. Kungani? Ngoba abanayo i-cambium, okuyisicubu sesitshalo esime kahle esiphakathi kwegxolo nelogi, esakhiwa ungqimba lwamaseli ombungu. Ngaphandle kwayo, ama-monocot awanakukhiqiza izinkuni, ngakho-ke ukwanda kokuphakama kwenzeka ngendlela ehlukile: ukunweba ama-internode njengoba ekhula.

Esinye isici esithakazelisayo yiso izimpande, okuyizinto ezinhle, okungukuthi, zonke zivela endaweni eyodwa yesiqu. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwayo lwempande lufushane, alungeni ngokujula kune-5-60cm kuya ngesitshalo. Njengomphumela wakho konke lokhu, abakwazi ukuba namagatsha amaningi futhi, njengezihlahla ezinama-dicotyledonous, ngokwesibonelo. Yini enye, amaqabunga anemithambo ebonakalayo, ehambisanayo, njengalezo zotshani ezakha utshani.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-monocot? Kukholakala ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-50, kufaka phakathi utshani, izintende, i-bulbous, noma ama-orchid. Ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo:

IPhoenix canariensis (iCanary Island Palm)

Kuyinto a Umuthi wesundu kuvame ukuba seCanary Islands (Spain). Ifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-13, ngomqhele owakhiwe ngamaphinathi namaqabunga amade angafika kumamitha ayi-7. Umboko wayo ujiyile impela, futhi uyakwazi ukukala u-1m ububanzi phansi kwawo.

Yisitshalo esihle engadini, kusukela imelana nokushisa nesithwathwa kuye ku -7ºC.

I-Tulipa sp (iTulips)

Ziyizitshalo ezinamandla ezivela eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-150 nezinhlamvu ezingabaleki. Eziningi zazo zimakethwa njengezimbali zokuhlobisa, njengoba imibala yazo imangalisa ngempela.

Ukuze sikwazi ukuwajabulela ngokugcwele, zitshalwa ekwindla. Ngakho-ke, entwasahlobo sizoba nengadi noma i-patio ehlotshiswe ngalezi zimbali ezinhle.

Musa paradisiaca (ubhanana)

Yisitshalo esinomuthi odabuka esifundeni sase-Indomalaya. Ifinyelela kubude obungamamitha ama-4, namaqabunga amade angafika ku-2m. Ikhiqiza izithelo ezaziwa yibo bonke: ubhanana, ongaba ngu-7 kuye ku-30 ​​cm ubude futhi ube ngu-5 ububanzi.

Kungaba nakho kokubili emhlabathini nasembizeni, kepha kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi itshalwe ngqo engadini ukuze ikhule kahle. Imelana nokubanda kuze kufike ku - 2ºC.

Izitshalo ezinamadayimane

Bayiqembu elivame kakhulu lama-angiosperms, kangangoba kukholakala ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezibalelwa ku-200.000. Kuzo, umbungu ongaphakathi kwembewu ukhipha ama-cotyledon amabili lapho ehluma, okungamaqabunga amabili akudala azosebenza njengokudla kwesithombo esisha. Uma usukhulile, amaqabunga awo athola ubujamo obuhlukile: obumise okwenhliziyo, obunamathele, onqenqemeni olucijile noma olulula ...

Ngokungafani namakhosi, impande evele ngokushesha lapho ihluma, iyaqhubeka nokukhula njengempande eyinhloko. Futhi omunye imininingwane ebalulekile: uma usika igatsha, uzobona ngokushesha amasongo wonyaka, akhiwa yi xylem kanye ne-phloem. La magatsha, kanye nesiqu, ingaqina ngokwakhiwa kwezinkuni noma izinkuni.

Ngaphakathi kwalolu hlobo lwesitshalo, sithola imidumba, iRosaceae, iRutaceae, phakathi kwezinye eziningi. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

I-Acer sp (Amamephu)

Ingenye yezinhlobo ze izihlahla eziqothulayo nezihlahla kutshalwa kakhulu kuzo zonke izifunda zomhlaba ezipholile. Kusatshalaliswe kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika, kukholakala ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziyi-160, okuyiyona eyaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke I-Acer palmatum (imephu yaseJapan), the I-Acer pseudoplatanus (umabhebhana mbumbulu), kanye ne- I-Acer rubrum (ibalazwe elibomvu), phakathi kwabanye.

Konke bafuna isimo sezulu esipholile, ngamahlobo angashisi kakhulu (ubukhulu obungu-30ºC) nobusika obubandayo (ubuncane obungu -15ºC).

I-Bouganvillea sp (Bougainvillea)

Kuyinto a isitshalo esikhuphukayo odabuka ezifundeni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika ezingafinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme kuze kufike Amamitha angu-12. Ayinayo imicu, kepha iziqu zayo zibhajwe kusetshenziswa ameva ayo acijile. Ngentwasahlobo nasehlobo bakhiqiza ama-inflorescence abukisa kakhulu, abomvana, o-orenji noma amhlophe ngokuya ngohlobo oluhlukahlukene.

Ingatshalwa ngaphandle ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esingesihle, namaqhwa aze afike ku -2ºC.

I-Rosa sp (Rosales)

Zingezinye zezihlahla ezinhle kakhulu zezimbali ezikhona. Abomdabu baseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, naseNyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, kunezinhlobo ezilinganiselwa ku-100 nezinhlamvu ezingenakubalwa nezinhlamvu eziyimbumba. Kulula kakhulu ukunakekela izitshalo, zidinga kuphela ukuchelela njalo, ukusika izihlahla njalo (ngaphezu kwakho konke, susa izimbali ezibunile), nelanga eliningi ukuba yigugu.

Futhi uma lokho bekunganele, amelana nokubanda kahle neqhwa kuze kufike ku -5ºC.

Uke wezwa ngezitshalo ezi-monocotyledonous ne-dicotyledonous?