Maple (Acer)

El maple Itace, ko itaciya, saboda yanayin ganyen dabino, kalar kaka da suke samu, da inuwa mai daɗi ta kambin ta, ya zama ɗayan shahararrun shuke-shuke a cikin lambuna da filaye a yankuna masu yanayi. duniya.

Darajarta ta kayan kwalliya tana da yawa ta yadda ko da babu ƙasar da za a dasa ta, akwai mutane da yawa da ke ƙoƙarin shuka shi a cikin tukwane ... tare da nasara.

Asali da halayen maple

Maple su bishiyoyi ne da bishiyoyi, yawancinsu masu yankewa ne, na jinsin Acer. Akwai kusan nau'ikan 160 da aka yarda da su na 700 da aka bayyana, kuma dukkansu 'yan asalin yankin arewa ne, in banda wasu da ke girma a Arewacin Afirka.

Ganyayyaki suna akasin haka, tare da siffar tafin hannu da yawa a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, kodayake suma ana iya zama mahaɗar sinadarai, ƙwanƙwasawa, kuma ba tare da lobes ba. An rarraba furannin a cikin tsere, corymbs ko umbels, kuma suna pentameric. 'Ya'yan itacen bi-samara ne, wato, samara biyu da aka haɗa a ƙarshen iri.

Suna furewa a ƙarshen hunturu ko farkon bazara, kafin ko bayan ganyayyaki sun yi, kuma suna da kyau ƙudan zuma saboda suna tushen fure da ruwan nectar.

Babban nau'in

Mafi sani sune:

Acer buergerianum

Wanda aka sani da zane-zane, itace itaciya ce wacce take asalin China, Japan da Taiwan cewa ya kai tsayi har zuwa mita 10. Ana ba da ganyayyaki uku, 3-10 x 4-6cm, kore a lokacin bazara da bazara, kuma mai launin ja a lokacin kaka.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer sansanin

Wanda aka sani da kasar maple, alciro, bordo ko ƙaramin maple, bishiyar bishiyar bishiya ce da muke samu a Turai, Aljeriya, Asiya orarama da Farisa. Ya kai tsayin mita 7 zuwa 10. Ganyayyakinsa suna taɓoɓe da dabino, suna samun fasalin tauraruwa, kuma suna da kore ban da lokacin kaka idan suka zama rawaya.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer freemani

El Acer x freemani yana da matasan tsakanin Rubutun Acer y Acer saccharinum. Itaciya ce mai matsakaiciya, girma tsakanin mita 6 zuwa 16, tare da koren ganyayyaki wadanda suka zama ja a kaka.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer auwal

Wanda aka sani da Maple Montpellier, mundillo ko enguelgue, itace itaciya ce wacce take asalin yankin Rum. Ya kai matsakaicin tsayi na mita 20, kuma yana haɓaka ganyayyun trilobed wanda ya zama ja a lokacin kaka.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer na gaba

An san shi da maple negundo, negundo ko acezintle, itaciya ce mai ƙarancin asali zuwa Arewacin Amurka cewa ya kai tsayin mita 25. Ganyayyaki masu tsini ne, wadanda suka hada da koren takardu guda 3, 5 ko 7. A lokacin kaka sukan zama rawaya kafin faduwa.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

acer opalus

Wanda aka sani da oron ko asar, itace itaciya ce wacce take zuwa yankuna masu tsaunuka na kudanci da yammacin Turai da arewa maso yammacin Afirka. Zai iya kaiwa matsakaicin tsayin mita 20, kuma ganyayyakinsa suna taushi kamar dabino, koren launi, suna canza launin rawaya a kaka kafin faduwa.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer garnatense

Sunan kimiyya shine Acer opalus subsp garnatense, kuma yana da ƙarancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a Arewacin Afirka, arewacin tsibirin Mallorca da kudu maso gabashin Yankin Iberiya. Ya kai tsawon kusan mita 5-6, kuma ganyayyakinsa dabino ne, basu da kore a lokacin kaka fiye da yadda suke canza launin rawaya.

Tsayayya har zuwa -12ºC.

Acer Palmatum

Wanda aka sani da kasar Japan, Taswirar Jafananci, Maple na Japan ko polymorphic maple, itace ko shrub ne na ƙasar Japan da Koriya ta Kudu wanda ya kai tsayi tsakanin mita 6 zuwa 10, da wuya 16m. Ganyayyaki suna taushi da dabino, purple-ja a bazara, koren rani, da kuma jan-ja a kaka.

Akwai nau'ikan rabe-rabe uku da dubban kayan gona, masu girma dabam da launuka, kodayake an yi sa'a dukkansu suna adawa har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer platanoids

Wanda aka sani da real Maple, Taswirar Yaren mutanen Norway, taswirar platanoid ko kasar Norway, itaciya ce ta asalin Turai, Caucasus da Asia Minor. Zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 35, amma abu na al'ada shine ya wuce 25m. Ganyayyaki na dabino ne da kuma murza-leda, launuka masu launin kore duk da yake suna da launin rawaya ko shunayya (ya danganta da nau'ikan ko nau'ikan girkin) a lokacin kaka.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer pseudoplatanus

An san shi da fararen maple, ayaba ta karya ko sycamore maple, itace itaciya ce ta asalin tsakiyar Turai da kudu, da kudu maso yammacin Asiya. Zai iya kaiwa tsayi har zuwa mita 30, kuma yana tsiro da ganyen dabino mai gaɓa-dabino. A lokacin faduwar ta zama rawaya ko ja.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Rubutun Acer

Wanda aka sani da ja taswira, Maple ja na Amurka, Maple na Virginia ko Kanada Maple, itaciyace wacce take da gabashin gabashin Arewacin Amurka. Ya kai tsayi tsakanin mita 20 zuwa 40, kuma ganyen sa mai-yalwa ne, ja a lokacin kaka.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Acer saccharinum

An san shi da taswirar sukari, Maple na Kanada, maple na saccharine, maple na azurfa, ko farar Takalar Amurka, itaciya ce mai ƙarancin asali zuwa gabashin Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Kanada. Ya kai tsayin mita 20 zuwa 30, kasancewa iya kaiwa mita 40. Ganyayyaki sune dabino, ja ko rawaya a lokacin kaka.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

acer saccharum

Wanda aka sani da taswirar sukari, itaciya ce ta asalin gabashin Amurka cewa ya kai tsawo har zuwa 20 mita. Ganyayyaki suna taushi da dabino, koren tsawon lokaci na shekara, banda lokacin kaka idan suka zama rawaya kafin faduwa.

Tsayayya har zuwa -18ºC.

Waɗanne amfani ake ba maples?

Su tsirrai ne masu amfani iri iri:

Kayan ado

Wadannan bishiyoyi da shuke-shuken suna da kyau a cikin lambuna da kan tuddai, muddin dai yanayi mara kyau ne. Sau da yawa ana amfani da su azaman samfura masu rarrabe, kodayake suma ana ganin su a jeri, misali, a cikin shinge masu tsayi. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu nau'in, kamar su Acer Palmatum, wanda aka yaba sosai a cikin duniyar bonsai.

Abincin Culinario

Tare da ruwan da aka ciro daga acer saccharum da kuma Acer saccharinum (zuwa karami har ila yau na Rubutun Acer) an samar da maple syrup, wanda ake amfani da shi don hada alawa.

Madera

Itace itace iya amfani da su don yin ƙwallan ƙwallon ƙwallon baseball, kayan cikin gida, da makamantansu.

Alamar ƙasa

Zamu iya ganin wani ganye mai suna akan Tutar Kanada, musamman na na acer saccharum.

Mene ne kulawar maple?

Idan kun kuskura ku sami kwafi, muna ba da shawarar ku ba da kulawa mai zuwa:

Yanayi

Su tsire-tsire ne wanda dole ne su kasance kasashen wajekamar yadda suke buƙatar jin sauyin yanayi. Sanya a cikin inuwa mai tsaka-tsaki

Tierra

• Aljanna: yawancinsu suna girma cikin ƙasa mai guba ko kuma mai ɗan kaɗan, amma Acer opalus subsp. garnet ya fi son ƙasashe masu kulawa, kuma duk suna buƙatar ƙasa mai wadataccen ƙwayoyin halitta kuma tare da magudanan ruwa mai kyau.
• Tukunyar fure: cika da substrate don shuke-shuke acidic (sai dai idan Acer opalus subsp. garnet, a wane yanayi zai fi kyau a yi amfani da matattarar duniya).

Watse

Ba sa tsayayya da fari. A lokacin bazara, kuma ya danganta da yanayin, suna iya buƙatar shayarwa sau 3 ko 4 a sati, kuma sauran shekara kamar 2 a sati. Lokacin da kuke cikin shakka, kada ku yi jinkirin bincika danshi na ƙasar, tunda yawan ruwa ma yana cutar da su.

Yi amfani da ruwan sama ko kuma mara lemun tsami.

Mai Talla

A lokacin watannin dumi dole ne a biya shi da takin gargajiya, kamar su gaban ko ciyawa.

Mai jan tsami

Ba sa bukatarsaAmma zaka iya cire busassun, cututtuka da raunana rassan a ƙarshen hunturu.

Shuka lokaci ko dasawa

En primavera, lokacin da haɗarin sanyi ya wuce.

Idan aka tukunya, to dasawa duk shekara 2-3.

Yawaita

Maples suna ninka da tsaba a kaka-hunturu, yanke a farkon bazara da kuma ta mai layi a lokacin bazara-bazara.

Rusticity

Yawancinsu suna tsayayya da sanyi har zuwa -18ºC, amma ba za su iya rayuwa cikin yanayin zafi ba. Aƙalla, suna buƙatar yanayin zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 0 a lokacin hunturu, amma a wannan yanayin, don su ɗauki wannan launi mai ban sha'awa wanda muke so sosai, zai fi kyau a girma su a cikin tukwane tare da cakuda na 70% akadama + 30% kiryuzuna, kuma kare su.na rana.

Me kuka yi tunanin maple? Kuna da wani?