Pasi pano pane mhando dzakawanda dzezvinhu zvipenyu, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chine hunhu hwacho chakamanikidza zvirimwa kuti zvigadzirise kana kufa, nekuti mamiriro aya anogonawo kuchinja nekufamba kunoita makore. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kune dzakasiyana mhando dzezvirimwa, uye imwe yeaya marudzi anonzi halophytes.
Izvi zvinonakidza kwazvo, nekuti zvinoda kuziva kuti ivo vanokwanisa kugara munzvimbo yakafanana neyavanogara mairi. Asi, Ndezvipi chaizvo?
Ndezvipi?
Halophytes ndidzo zvirimwa zvine midzi inosangana nemvura ine munyu kana zvinogara muivhu rine huwandu hwakawanda hwemunyu, ndosaka vachizivikanwa semiti yemunyu. Nomuzvarirwo, vane imwe mwero yemunyu mukati, asi vanobvisa zvakawandisa kuburikidza nesalt-yekuvharisa trichomes (mamwe kana mashoma anoonekwa mapundu pane "ganda").
Iyo michina inoreva kuti vanoisa moyo mukati memunyu zvirimo mumashizha avo, asi pavanodonha kana kufa, vanofanirwa kupinza zvakanyanya.
Ndeapi marudzi aripo?
Inofungidzirwa kuti 2% yezvirimwa zvese zviri munyika mahalophytes, akaiswa mumapoka makuru maviri:
- Yakasimba: ndeavo vanogona kungogara munzvimbo dzine munyu.
- Inesarudzo: ndeavo vanorega huwandu hwakawanda hwemunyu, asi vanogona zvakare kugara munzvimbo dzine munyu wakaderera, senge huswa hwemafireti emunyu kana Spartina.
Mimwe mienzaniso ndeyi:
ammophila arenaria
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz
Ihwo huswa husingaperi hunozivikanwa semarram kana tsanga inokura mumahombekombe eEurope, North Africa neMiddle East. Inovandudza yakamira stems inosvika 1,2 metres, uye mashizha awo akachena-girini.
Inogona kurimwa paivhu rine jecha, kugadzirisa ivhu uye nekudaro nekudzivirira kukokoroka. Muchokwadi, yakashandiswa nechinangwa ichi muLandes de Gascogne (France). Inodzivisa kusvika -7ºC.
Calystegia soldanella
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Strobilomyces
Inozivikanwa sedare bhero kana bhero rejecha, uye iri inokurumidza kukura, huswa hunofadza hunowanikwa kumahombekombe eEurope iyo inosvika pakakwirira pakati pe60 uye 90 masentimita. Munguva yezhizha inoburitsa maruva epingi-akaita sebhero.
Mishonga yekurapa inonzi yakazvimiririra; uyezve, yave ichishandiswa se laxative, diuretic, febrifuge, uye inorapa mumiririri. Inomira tembiricha yakaderera kudzika -5ºC.
cocos nucifera
El coconut muti Icho chanza chinotyisa chinoberekerwa kumahombekombe eCaribbean, Indian Ocean uye Pacific. Inokura nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kana mamiriro ekunze achidziya gore rese uye iine mvura yakakwana. Inogona kusvika 30 metres pakureba, iine mutete mutete unorema 30-35 masentimita muhupamhi.. Mashizha acho ane mapini, kusvika pamamita mashanu pakureba, uye anobereka michero iyo, sekuziva kwedu, iri coconut.
Inogona kurimwa zvese mumabindu padyo negungwa uye kure nayo, chakakosha ndechekuti hapana kana chando uye kuti iyo nyika ine yakanaka kwazvo drainage.
paralyzed euphorbia
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Frank Vincentz
Nyuchi nyuchi inguva isingaperi yemiriwo inowanikwa muMacaronesia, nzvimbo yeMediterranean, neCanary Islands. Inokura kusvika pamasendimita makumi mashanu pakureba, uye hunde dzayo dzinomera dzakasvibira, diki kwazvo, dzichipindirana mashizha.
Icho chirimwa chinowanzoitika kumatunhu anodziya ane mamiriro ekunze akapfava, uye nekudaro haimiriri tembiricha yakanyanyisa
Pancratium maritimum
Inozivikanwa se gungwa lily uye chirimwa chine mabhuru chinogara mumatunduru akasarudzika emahombekombe eAtlantic, kusanganisira aya eMediterranean. Mashizha akapepetwa, bhuruu-girini, uye maruva akachena, kusvika pamasendimita gumi nemashanu pakureba.
Inonakidza kwazvo kurima, kubvira anodzivisa kusanaya zvakanaka kana iri pasi. Muchokwadi, inoda nguva yakaoma kuti ikure zvakajairika uye kubudirira. Inomira chando kudzika -7ºC.
Pinus halepensis
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / spacebirdy
El Aleppo paini ndeimwe yemashoma emhando yadzo anogona kugara mamaira mashoma kubva pagungwa. Pamabhishi eBalearic Islands yakajairika, sezvo ichiumba masango daro diki kubva mumvura. Asi zvakare inorimwa muminda, sezvo ichingokurawo saizvozvo pamhenderekedzo sezvazvinoita muvhu revhu.
Inosvika kureba kwemamita makumi matatu, uye nekufamba kwenguva inowana chitunha chinotyisa, ine korona isina kujairika inogadzirwa nemashizha egirini acicular anovandudzwa gore rese. Inoramba kusvika -7ºC.
Spartina alterniflora
Iyo yakasarudzika isingagumi miriwo inozivikanwa se crabgrass inotangira muAmerica, zvese kuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba. Inosvika kureba kwemamita manomwe kusvika gumi, ine maburi ane mhango ayo mashizha akareba akasvibira anotumbuka.
Kurima kwayo hakukurudzirwe, sezvo iine mukana mukuru unokanganisa.
Kwavanogara?
Tinogona kuvawana zvakasununguka mu matope, mahombekombe, matope, uye mangrove. Neichi chikonzero, kune akawanda akawanda kupfuura atinofunga anogona kudiridzwa nemvura yemunyu.
Iwe wafungei nezvenyaya iyi?
Ndiri kudzidza uye chirevo ichi chakandibatsira kuti ndinzwisise pfungwa !! Ndatenda!!
Akakwana Jorgelina. Isu tinofara chaizvo kuziva kuti chinyorwa chakabatsira iwe 🙂
Iwe haugone kunyora "halophytic zvirimwa", sezvo iri redundant, asi pane "halophytic zvirimwa". Iyo "halophilic chirimwa" i "halophyte." Shuwiro yakanakisa.
The spartina alterniflora, iyo yakafanana neinowanzonzi: "horsetail kana carrizillo" ine kufanana kukuru, kungoti ine dema pane imwe neimwe chinhambwe uye ichikwira inowedzera muhukuru uye inoburitsa dema mhete pane imwe chinhambwe chekukura. Inokura zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakajairika dzemvura pasina munyu. Ruzivo runonakidza pano rwunopihwa.
Thanks Hector.