Zvirimwa zvejenasi Helianthus Ivo ndevamwe veavo vanonyanya kuda chiedza chezuva kuti vave nebudiriro chaiyo. Zita rayo pacharo rinotoratidza kwatiri nekuti rinobva Hélio, izwi rechiGiriki rinoreva kuti Zuva. Mhando zhinji dzinorimwa mumagadheni, pamwe nekushongedza mabalkoni nematare, asi kune mamwe zvakare ane zvekushandisa zvekubika.
Kukura kwacho kuri kukurumidza, uye izvi zvine chikonzero chekuve: zvakashanduka zvekuti, mumwedzi mishoma, vanomera, vanokura, vanotumbuka uye vozogadzira mbeu. Saka, kune mashoma marudzi eHelianthus ari egore, nepo mamwe ese asingaperi asi achiramba 'akarara' mumatsutso-chando.
Kwakatangira uye hunhu hweiyo Heliathus
Iyo Helianthus genus inoumbwa neinenge makumi mashanu nemashanu marudzi anowanikwa muAmerica, Russia, uye Western Australia. Iwo egore negore kana asingagumi miriwo inosvika pakureba pakati pe1 kusvika 5 metres, kunyangwe paine mamwe marimi anokura chete kusvika pamakumi mashanu-50 masentimita. Iwo madzinde anowanzo kukura akamira, kunyange achigona kuve asina kutsarukana zvichienderana nerudzi. Mashizha acho ari epasi uye ane imwe sarudzo kana inopesana. Saizvozvovo, vanogona kana kusava nepetiole (hunde inobatanidza mashizha nehunde), uye ive yakasvibira muvara.
Kune rumwe rutivi, yatinoti ruva iri inflorescence inoumbwa nemaruva madiki mashoma ayo anoumba chitsauko chakatenderedzwa. Mabracts (zvisizvo anonzi mapeturu) yero, tsvuku kana orenji zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana. Sezvo ivo vari hermaphrodites, ivo vanokwanisa kuburitsa mbeu pasina kudikanwa kwekuyambuka-pollination. Michero yakaomeswa, uye ine mhodzi inogona kupatsanurwa nyore nyore kubva kugobvu (sembeu yezuva yezuva) inozivikanwa nehunyanzvi zita rekuti achene.
Mhando huru
Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti ndeapi akasiyana marudzi ezuva ezuva kana Helianthus, tarisa:
Helianthus annuus
Ndiyo sunflower, kunyangwe ichigamuchira mamwe mazita senge marigold, mirasol, tile chibage kana dziviriro ruva. Ndiwo mushonga wegore negore unorimwa kwazvo pasirese, uyo inogona kusvika pakakwirira kusvika pamamita matatu ine madzinde akasimba. Iyo inflorescences zvakare akakura, kuyera kusvika pamasentimita makumi matatu muhupamhi. Michero yayo ndiyo mapaipi, ayo anopedza kukura kusvika kupera kwezhizha.
Use
Kunze kwekuve chirimwa chakakurumbira muminda uye masitepisi, imwe yedzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kushandiswa ndeyekugadzirira. Mapaipi anodyiwa sechikafu, asi mafuta anotorwawo kubva kune ayo anoshandiswa pakubika: mafuta ezuva. Uye zvakare, madzinde ane fiber, iyo inobatsira pakugadzira mapepa, uye inogona kupihwa zvipfuyo sechikafu.
Helianthus laetiflorus
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / SB_Johnny
Chaizvoizvo, zita rayo resainzi ndi Helianthus x laetiflorus, sezvo iri yemhando yakasanganiswa pakati Helianthus pauciflorus y Helianthus tuberosus. Ichi chirimwa chinogara chiripo chinosvika pakukwirira kusvika pamamita maviri. Inogadzira maruva akaiswa mukati yeyero inflorescence, kuyera 2-10 masentimita muhupamhi.
Helianthus maximiliani
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / USFWS Mountain-Prairie
Inozivikanwa seyezasi sunflower, uye chiri chinogara chirimwa icho inosvika pakakwirira pakati pemasentimita makumi mashanu kusvika pamamita matatu. Iwo madzinde akamira, uye lanceolate mashizha anotumbuka kubva kwavari, pamwe ne inflorescences 2-4 masentimita muhupamhi neyero bracts.
Use
Midzi gobvu inogona kudyiwa semuriwo, semuenzaniso mumasadhi. Chasara chirimwa chikafu chakanaka kumombe.
Helianthus multiflorus
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Dinesh Valke
El Helianthus x multiflorus mushonga wegore negore unobva mukuchinja kwezuva maruva (Helianthus annuus) akatambura mukati memazana emakore. Naizvozvo zviri, chirimwa chegore negore, asi nehurefu hupfupi (kazhinji husapfuure masendimita zana) uye nenhamba yakawanda yemakona yellows.
Helianthus pauciflorus
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Matt Lavin
Icho chisingaperi rhizomatous miriwo iyo inosvika pakureba kusvika pamamita makumi mapfumbamwe. Iwo madzinde akamira, eko tsvuku tsvuku, uye maruva avo eyero akaiswa muzvikamu zve inflorescence kusvika pamasentimita manomwe muhupamhi. Aya anokura pakupera kwezhizha, saka zvinonakidza kuamera pamwe chete nemafuta ezuva, sezvo paanooma, unogona kunakidzwa nemaruva ezuva. H. pauciflorus.
Helianthus petiolaris
Mufananidzo - Flickr / Crop Wemukama Vehukama
Inozivikanwa sediki sunflower kana meadow sunflower, igore rino miriwo iyo inosvika pakureba ingangoita makumi mana masendimita. Dzinde rakamira, uye rakasvibira. Kubva mairi kunomera bhuruu-girini lanceolate mashizha, uye maruva akaiswa mukati yeyero inflorescences ayo anoyera anenge 7-8 masentimita muhupamhi.
Helianthus tuberosus
El Helianthus tuberosus, inozivikanwa seJerusarema artichoke, Jerusarema artichoke kana sunflower yeCanada, chirimwa chisingaperi icho inokura pakati pemasendimita makumi mashanu nemamita maviri pakureba. Maruva anoungana mumusoro we inflorescences, uye yero. Midzi yawo tubers ayo anosvika gumi masendimita pakureba ne 10-3 masendimita gobvu.
Use
Iyo tuber inoshandiswa yakawanda mukicheni semuriwo, sezvo iri yakapfuma kwazvo mumvura, zvakare nemaprotein uye tambo. Iyo inoshandawo sekudya kwemhuka dzinodya dzimwe mhuka.
Ndeapi eaya marudzi eHelianthus aunonyanya kufarira?