Kurima kweHydroponic inzira yemazuva ano iyo inobvumidza iwe kuti uve nenhamba yakakura yezvirimwa munzvimbo imwechete. Kazhinji, chete nemvura uye zvinovaka muviri zvakanyungudutswa mairi zvinokwanisika kukohwa, pakati pevamwe, inonaka lettuce kana madomasi. Pane dzimwe nhambo, zvisinei, ivo vanosarudza kuvadyara mu substrates iyo inoshanda chete sekutsigira, sezvo vasina kukosha kwehutano.
Asi zvisinei nemaitiro akasarudzwa, hydroponics mukana unoshamisa wekukura kunyangwe iwe usina gadheni. Saka, Tevere isu ticha tsanangura izvo zvinoumbwa, ndezvipi zvakanakira, uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
Chii chinonzi hydroponic kurima?
Kurima kweHydroponic ndiyo imwe inoshandiswa nemvura kuti chirimwa chikure. Mumvura iyi, fetereza inodikanwa inowedzerwa, nekuti nenzira iyi midzi yayo inozogona kuibata uye kuita mabasa avo akakosha.
Naizvozvo, inova yakanyanya kutsamira kana zvichibvira pamunhu anoichengeta, nekuti kunyangwe ukasarudza kuisima mune imwe mhando ye substrate, ichi ndicho chinhu chete chichaita kubatisisa, nekuti ichave isina chero chikafu.
Ndezvipi zvirimwa zvinogona kurimwa muhydroponics?
Haasi ese zvirimwa anogona kukura mune hydroponic system. Neichi chikonzero, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kazhinji iwo madiki herbaceous anenge ari iwo chete anorimwa. Semuyenzaniso:
- Basil
- Chikamu
- Sipinachi
- Lettuce
- Mint
- Parsley
- Pepper
- Salvia
- tomaatti
Izvi vane midzi ipfupi, yakanaka, saka ivo vanofarirwa hydroponics.
Zvakanakira hydroponic zvirimwa
Iwe unoda kuziva kuti ndeapi mabhenefiti ayo hydroponics inopa kana ichienzaniswa nekurima kwechinyakare? Naizvo, Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti ine zvinyowani zvinotevera:
- Mvura inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye zvirinani.
- Ngozi yezvipembenene nezvirwere yakaderera, sezvo zviri zvirimwa zvinodzorwa zvakanyanya.
- Izvo zvinokwanisika kutora zvirinani mukana wekukura, kutumbuka uye kubereka mwaka wezvirimwa.
- Iyo inobvumidza kurima kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakavharirwa, pasina kudikanwa kwechikamu chevhu.
Mhando dze hydroponic system
Sezvatataura, iyo midzi inogona kunge iri mumvura kana mu substrate. Asi zvichibva pane izvi, nzira dzakasiyana dzehydroponic dzakagadzirwa dzatinokukoka iwe kuti uzive.
Midzi iri mumvura
Aya masisitimu akavakirwa pakuchengeta zvirimwa zvichikura zvakanangana mumvura, inova ndiyo sosi inowedzerwa zvinovaka muviri, uye nemishonga yezvipembenene pese pazvinenge zvakakodzera. Kune akati wandei masisitimu, ayo ari:
- Aeroponics: inzira inochengetedza mvura, asi yakanyanya kuomarara kune vanotanga. Miti yacho inoiswa kuitira kuti midzi iturikwe mumhepo, uye nguva nenguva inosaswa nemvura uye zvinovaka muviri.
- Inoyerera midzi tsika: o tsika yakadzika yemvura muChirungu. Mariri, midzi yacho yakaturikwa musanganiswa wehydrogen peroxide uko kunowedzerwa zvinovaka muviri. Iyo inoratidzirwa kune lettuce, zvinonhuwirira zvinomera, uye pakupedzisira, zvidyarwa zvidiki, kunze kweavo vane tuberous midzi kana ane tubers, senge makarotsi kana mbatatisi.
- Inovaka firimu maitiro: ino sisitimu ine runyorwa rwePVC pombi dzine maburi muchikamu chavo chepamusoro, chakaparadzaniswa pane imwe nhambwe kubva kune imwe. Mumakomba aya ndimo munoiswa zvirimwa, izvo zvinogamuchira zvese zvavanoda kuburikidza nemachubhu.
Midzi mu substrate
Kuti utange mu hydroponics, ndinofunga nemwoyo wose kuti hapana chinhu chiri nani pane kutanga ne hydroponic inokura system ine substrate. Neiyi nzira, iwe unenge uine mukana wekuziva izvo zvinovaka muviri zvavanoda, kana kuti ndeapi anokura zvirinani uye ndeapi asina. Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa masisitimu ndeaya:
- Wick system: ndiyo yakapusa. Iwe unongoda mudziyo une gomba pazasi payo, iyo hydroponic tambo yatinonyudza zvishoma uye iyo inofanirwa kuve inosangana nemidzi, uye mvura ine zvinovaka muviri.
- Donhwe hurongwa pamwe kupora: yakafanana neyechinyakare kudiridza ndiko kuti, zvirimwa zvinowana mvura yazvo nekutenda kune akateedzana machubhu, asi nemusiyano wekuti mvura yakawandisa inounganidzwa kuti ishandiswe zvakare.
- Ebb uye Kuyerera Technique: inozivikanwawo semafashama uye kudhonza. Inosanganisira kudururira mvura yakawanda pamwe nemhinduro yezvinovaka muviri pane iyo substrate. Kana ichinge yanyura, inodhonzwa ichidzokera mudziva.
Ndezvipi zvinovaka muviri zvinoshandiswa kune hydroponics?
Miti yese inoda kutora zvinovaka muviri kuti ikure. Kana izvo zvatiinazvo zvirimwa zve hydroponic, tinofanirwa kuona kuti havashaye macronutrients:
- Nitrogen (N): inokurudzira kukura uye kukura kwemuti.
- Phosphorus (P): Izvo zvakakoshawo mukukura, kunyanya kwemidzi. Mukuwedzera, inopindira mufotosynthesis, uye inokurudzira maruva.
- Potasiamu (K): ndiyo macronutrient iwe yaunoda kuburitsa michero, kugadzirisa kunwa kwekabhoni dhayokisaidhi, uye kugadzira simba (ATP).
Asi kana aya ma micronutrients:
- Sarufa (S): inodzivirira kupera mvura mumuviri, uye inodzivirira masero.
- Boro: inobatsira kumaseru, nekuti ndiyo inokurudzira kupatsanurwa kwemasero. Inopindirawo mukukudziridzwa kwemichero nembeu.
- Calcio (Ca): zvakakosha kuti muti ubudire ziya. Mukuwedzera, inobata masero pamwechete.
- Cobalt (Co): inosimbisa mbeu, inononoka kukwegura kwemashizha, uye inogadzirisa alkaloid mumiti yekurapa.
- Copper (Cu): zvakakosha pakufema uye photosynthesis.
- kuiisa chlorine (Cl): inoita basa rakakosha mukuvhura nekuvhara stomata, pamwe nastia.
- Hierro (Fe): yakakosha pakuumbwa kweklorophyll, uye inobatsira mukugadzirwa kwesimba.
- Magnesio (Mg): inobatsira simiti kukura, uye inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kweklorophyll.
- Manganese (Mn): zvakakosha kuti chlorophyll igadziriswe, pamwe nekuti chikamu chemasero chiitike.
- Molybdenum (Mo): chinhu chakakosha chinoshandura nitrate kuita nitrite, iyo inoshandurwa kuita ammonia kuitira kuti amino acids agone kugadzirwa.
- zen'e (Zn): zinc inobatsira zvirimwa kuti zvimire zvakanaka kutonhora. Iyo inoshandiswawo kugadzira chlorophyll.
Iwe unogona kuwana zvinovaka muviri zvakasiyana, kana iwe unogona kutenga hydroponic fetiraiza, senge izvi.
Nzira yekugadzira sei hydroponic tsika kumba?
Kana iwe uchida, iwe unogona kuve neyako inogadzirwa hydroponic system. Iwe unoda kuziva sei? Zvakanaka nyora pasi zvaunoda kutanga:
- Mushonga unovaka muviri. Inogona kunge iri fetiraiza yatinokurudzira kare, kana imwe.
- Rubha kana chipurasitiki.
- Bhodhoro repurasitiki.
- Ndiro.
- Chigero kana banga.
- Substrate kuti hydroponics. Inogona kuve perlite (iri kutengeswa pano), vermiculite (iri kutengeswa pano), coconut fiber (iri kutengeswa pano), rakawedzerwa ivhu, dombo mvere.
- Zvirimwa kana mbeu dzaunoda kukura.
Paunenge uchinge uine zvese tevera iyi nhanho nhanho:
- Kutanga, isa bhodhoro zvakatwasuka uye ubaye gomba pakati kuti uise kapu pairi.
- Zvadaro, kune rimwe divi rinotarisana, tora gomba kana maviri mubhodhoro. Ndipo pachave zvirimwa.
- Nhanho inotevera ndeyekugadzira hari nezvidimbu zvepurasitiki, hupamhi hwakaenzana nemaburi, uye kwete hwakareba kwazvo. Zvakakosha kuti vane maburi madiki pazasi pavo kuitira kuti midzi ikwanise kunwisa mvura.
- Zvino, zadza bhodhoro repurasitiki nemushonga wezvinhu zvinovaka muviri, kuitira kuti paunoiisa yakatambarara, inenge isina chinhu.
- Wobva wavhara midzi yezvirimwa ne substrate, wozoinyudza - iyo midzi - mumvura.
- Chekupedzisira, isa zvese pane tray, uone kuti cap iri pakati. Kuti ubatanidze bhodhoro pairi, unogona kushandisa, semuenzaniso, zip tayi kana raffia tambo.
Imwe sarudzo ndeye kutenga hydroponic gadheni. Pamusika pane akawanda mamodheru, akagadzirwa nematanda, PVC, diki kana hombe. Heano mamwe acho:
Yakanaka post, ndinoyemura kuti iyo info yakanyatso rongeka sei. Nenzira, iwo mazano eAmazon akanaka kwazvo !! Baba vangu nguva pfupi yadarika vakatanga bhizinesi ravo reHydroponics, zvisinei dambudziko hombe ravaive naro mukuita kuti chirongwa chive chinobudirira kushayikwa kwemumwe munhu angave aripo kuti amurayire pane chimiro chemafizikiki.
Ndatenda Mauricio.