Mhando dzeaphid

Aphids ndechimwe chezvipembenene zvinowanzorwisa zvirimwa, mukati nekunze. Iwo maparasite madiki, asina kureba hafu yesentimita, uye anodya nemuto wemashizha nemaruva, uye dzimwe nguva zvakare pamapazi achiri akasvibira.

Asi kunyangwe zvese zvingaita sezvimwechete kwatiri, zvinozivikanwa kuti kune marudzi anopfuura 4000 emaaphid. Anowanikwa munharaunda dzinenge dzose dzinodziya uye dzine mwero pasi pano, chimwe chinhu chinoita kuti dzive tyisidziro kumiti, kunyanya dziya dukusa.

Ndedzipi mhando dzeaphid dzinonyanya kufarirwa?

Kutaura nezve marudzi ese emaaphid kunotipa bhuku, saka tiri kuzokuratidza anonyanya kuzivikanwa kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuaziva kana akanganisa zvirimwa zvako:

Black bean aphid (Aphis fabae)

Imhando yeaphid inotendwa kuti yakabva kuEurope neAsia, kunyange zvazvo yave yakasikwa pasi rose. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita rayo, muviri wayo mutema, uye ine makumbo machena uye matema. Asi kunze kwekukanganisa bhinzi, tinogona kuiwana mune mamwe marudzi mazhinji emiti.

Sechokwadi chinoda kuziva, kunofanira kutaurwa kuti inotama. Chikwata chevanoongorora zvipembenene vakawana kuti huwandu hweaphid aya hunoonekwa muFrance mukutanga kwezhizha, uye kuti pakupera kwemwaka iwoyo vanotamira kuScotland (iwe une rumwe ruzivo. pano).

Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii)

Iyo donje aphid ipembenene diki inowanikwa kunyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAmerica, Central Asia, uye munzvimbo dzinodziya / dzinodziya dzeEurope. Dzine muviri wakaurungana, yero kana kuti yakasvibira muruvara, uye inosvika mamirimita maviri kureba.

Chipembenene chinozivikanwa muzvirimwa zvekurima, senge mavise, magaka, mavise, manhanga uye machungwa (orenji, ndimu, mandarin, nezvimwewo). Asi zvakare inokuvadza hibiscus uye, ingave sei neimwe nzira, donje.

Oleander aphid (Aphis nerii)

The oleander aphid Iine orenji-yero muruvara, uye inoyera inosvika 2 millimita. Inofungidzirwa kuti yakabva munharaunda yeMediterranean, sezvo ine oleander sechirimwa chayo chikuru. Asi sezvo ichi chirimwa chinodiwa zvakanyanya mumagadheni, chipembenene chakaunzwa kune dzimwe nyika netsaona.

Mukuwedzera kune kukanganisa nerium oleander, inokonzerawo kukanganisa kune dipladenia, plumeria, vincas; uye dzimwe nguva inowanikwa mumichero yecitrus, euphorbias, campanulas, uye asteraceae.

Apple aphid (Aphispomi)

Este Iaphid yegirinhi ine muviri wakaita sepeya. Inowanikwa kuEurope, asi yakaunzwa kune dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seNorth America, West Asia, India, Pakistan, neIsrael.

Chirimwa chayo chaunofarira muapuro, asi chinokuvadzawo muti wepeya, european medlar, quince, rose bush, spiraea, uye hawthorn.

Green citrus aphid (Aphis spiraecola)

The green citrus aphid Chipembenene chine muviri wakatenderera, wegirinhi une makumbo matema.. Kufanana nemamwe maaphid, inogona kutapurira mavhairasi akasiyana, chinonyanya kunetsa hutachiona hwecitrus kusuwa, hunogona kuuraya zvidyarwa zvakakanganisika.

Mukuwedzera kune iyi miti yemichero, inodyawo pamaruva emaruva, peach, pear, almond, medlar, apricot, nezvimwe. Rosaceae, uyewo asteraceae uye Umbelliferae.

Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae)

Imhando yeaphid yakabva kuEurope, kubva kwayakaunzwa kune dzimwe nyika dzepasi. Iine muviri wegiriyi-girinhi uyo wakafukidzwa newaxy secretion., iyo inoita kuti iite seyakasviba-chena.

Kunyange zvazvo ichiwedzera nokukurumidza, inodya chete pamiti yemhuri yeBrassicaceae, kureva, kabichi, cauliflower, broccoli, radish, pakati pevamwe.

Ashy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea)

Ashen aphid yemuti weapuro inowanikwa kuEurope, asi nhasi zvinokwanisika kuiona munharaunda yese, kunze kweAustralia. Inoyera nezve 2-2,6 millimeters, uye ane muviri wepingi kusvika kutema-grey wakafukidzwa nenamo yehupfu.

Shandisa aple tree sechirimwa chikuru chekugamuchira, kunyangwe ichionekwawo mune izvo zvePlantago genus.

Plum mealy aphid (Hyalopterus pruni)

Iyi imhando yeaphid inowanikwa kuEurope iyo ane muviri wakacheneruka wegirinhi kana shava wakaputirwa nehupfu chena. Inoyera inosvika 2-3 millimeters, uye inowanda nekukasira kunoshamisa.

Zvinokuvadza zvose zvinomera zvejenasi Prunus, kunyanya puraramu, inova iyo huru yekudyara chirimwa.

Vanokonzera kukanganisa kupi?

Kunyange zvazvo kune marudzi akawanda emaaphid, ose anokonzera kukanganisa kwakafanana uye anorwiwa nenzira imwechete. Tisati taenda kune marapirwo atinofanira kunyorera kune zvirimwa zvakakanganisika, ngationei kuti ndezvipi zvinokuvadza:

• Maruva haavhurike uye anoguma adonha.
• Mashizha ane mavara akatsvuka (pane dzimwe nguva anoshanduka akatsvuka) munzvimbo dzine maaphid.
• Shizha rinowa.
• Kuonekwa kwemasvosve uye / kana bold fungus, semhedzisiro yehuchi hunovanzwa nemaaphid.

Unorwisa sei hove?

Inogona kuitwa ne ecological uye makemikari kurapwa. Kana chipembenene chisina kupararira uye / kana chirimwa chiri chidiki, tinokurudzira kushandiswa kwepasi diatomaceous., inova mushonga wezvipembenene uye unokurumidza kukurumidza. Muvhidhiyo tinotsanangura kuti inoshandiswa sei. Zvakare, kana iwe uine mukana, zvinonakidza kusimudza ladybugs, sezvo vachidya zvipembenene izvi.

Kana iri hombe, kana kuti inosarudzwa kushandisa makemikari, inonyanya kushanda zvinhu ndeye cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, uye deltamethrin.. Asi hongu, zvinokwanisika kuti vamwe vavo havabvumirwi munyika yako kana kuti zvakakosha kuva nekadhi yevashandisi yezvigadzirwa zve phytosanitary, saka zvakakosha kuti uzvizivise mune imwe nzvimbo yemiti munharaunda yako usati wawana chigadzirwa.

Waiziva here mhando dzeaphid idzi?