Musiyano uripo pakati pemiti monocotyledonous uye dicotyledonous

Zvirimwa zvinogona kuiswa mumatanho akasiyana siyana: nemhando yeruva, nehukuru hwavanosvika kamwe chete kana munhu mukuru, nechitarisiko chemashizha awo ... Asi, mubotani, pane kuiswa kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye ndiko kusiyanisa zvirimwa Pindai monocots uye dicots. 

Mashoko maviri aya anorevei? Vakasiyana sei kubva kune mumwe nemumwe?

Monocotyledonous zvirimwa

Mamonokoti maruva emiti (angiosperms) ayo anoonekwa nekuve nekotoni imwe chete, kureva kuti, shizha rimwe chete rechinyakare rinobuda kana richimera, panzvimbo pemaviri. Asi chinhu chinonakidza hachigumiri pano, asi uyu musiyano unodarika kuti mashizha mangani anotumbuka apo mbeu inomera. Muchokwadi, kukura kwavo kwakatosiyana zvakanyanya neiko kwemadiki. Ini ndinotsanangura nei:

Idzi mhando dzezvirimwa hadzina yechokwadi kukura kwechipiri, ndiko kuti, hadzina trunk yechokwadi, uye kana iwe ukaitema, hauoni mhete dzegore dzaungaona mumiti kana mumakwenzi. Sei? Nekuti ivo havana cambium, inova meristematic chirimwa chemukati chiri pakati pegwati nedanda, chakaumbwa netaundi remasero embryoni. Pasina iyo, mamonokoti haakwanise kuburitsa huni, saka kuwedzera kwekukwirira kunoitika neimwe nzira: nekukudza iwo ma internode painenge ichikura.

Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza ndeichi pfuma, izvo zvinonakidza, ndokuti, ese anobva kunzvimbo imwechete yehunde. Nekudaro, midzi yayo ipfupi, haidzike zvakadzika kupfuura 5-60cm zvichienderana nemuti. Semhedzisiro yeizvi zvese, ivo havagone kuve nematavi mazhinji kana, semiti ine dicotyledonous inoita, semuenzaniso. Chii chimwe, mashizha ane tsinga dzinooneka, dzakafanana, senge iya yehuswa inogadzira uswa.

Ndedzipi mhando dzezvirimwa monokoti? Zvinotendwa kuti kune zviuru makumi mashanu zvezvisikwa, zvinosanganisira huswa, michindwe, mabhuru, kana maorchid. Ngatione mimwe mienzaniso:

Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island Palm)

Ndicho Muchindwe inowanikwa kuCanary Islands (Spain). Inosvika pakakwirira kusvika pamamita matanhatu, ine korona yakaumbwa nepini nemashizha marefu anosvika pamamita manomwe. Hunde yayo iri gobvu, uye inogona kuyera 7m dhayamita pazasi payo.

Iyo yakanaka gadheni chirimwa, kubvira inodzivisa kupisa uye chando pasi kusvika -7ºC.

Tulipa sp (Tulips)

Idzo ibhuru dzinomera dzinowanikwa kuMiddle East. Inofungidzirwa kuti kune angangoita zana nemakumi mashanu emarudzi nemahybrids asingaverengeke. Mazhinji acho anotengeswa semaruva ekushongedza, sezvo iwo mavara avo ari anoshamisa zvechokwadi.

Kugona kunakidzwa nazvo zvizere, dzakasimwa pakuwa. Nekudaro, muchirimo tichava nebindu kana patio yakashongedzwa nemaruva anoyevedza.

Musa paradisiaca (bhanana)

Icho chirimwa chinomera herbaceous chinowanikwa munzvimbo yeIndomalaya. Inosvika pakureba kwemamita mana, nemashizha marefu anosvika 4m. Inoburitsa michero inonyatso kuzivikanwa kune vese: iyo bhanana, iyo inogona kuyera kubva pa7 kusvika ku30cm kureba uye kusvika pa5 dhayamita.

Iyo inogona kuve iine zvese muvhu uye muhari, asi zvinonyanya kukurudzirwa kuti idyarwe zvakananga mubindu kuitira kuti igone kuve nehutano hwakakwana. Inodzivisa kutonhora pasi -2ºC.

Dicotyledonous zvirimwa

Ndiwo akanyanya kuwanda boka reanosiosperms, zvakanyanya zvekuti panofungidzirwa kuti pane mazana mazana maviri emarudzi. Mavari, "embryo" iri mukati membeu inoburitsa macotyledon maviri painenge ichikura, ayo ari mashizha maviri echinyakare anozoshanda sechikafu chembeu nyowani. Kana ikangokura, mashizha ayo anowana akasiyana maumbirwo: akafanana nemoyo, akapetwa, aine serrated kana yakapusa ...

Kusiyana nemamonokoti, mudzi unobuda uchangomera, unoramba uchikura semudzi wekutanga. Uye imwezve yakakosha tsananguro: kana iwe ukacheka bazi, iwe uchabva waona izvo zvindori zvegore, zvakaumbwa ne xylem uye phloem. Aya matavi, pamwe nehunde, Inogona kukora nekuumbwa kwehuni kana huni.

Mukati merudzi urwu rwezvirimwa, tinowana Legume, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, pakati pevamwe vazhinji. Mimwe mienzaniso ndeiyi:

Acer sp (Mapuri)

Icho chimwe chemhando dze miti inodonha nemakwenzi inonyanya kurimwa munzvimbo dzese dzakadzikama dzepasi. Inogoverwa muNorth America yose, Europe, Asia neNorth Africa, panofungidzirwa kuti pane marudzi zana nemakumi matanhatu, anonyanya kuzivikanwa ari iwo Acer palmatum (japanese maple), the Acer pseudoplatanus (mapira emabhanana ekunyepera), uye iyo acer rubrum (red maple), pakati pevamwe.

Vose zvavo vanoda mamiriro ekunze akapfava, ine mwaka wezhizha usiri kupisa zvakanyanya (huwandu hunosvika 30ºC) uye kutonhora kwechando (mashoma -15ºC).

Bouganvillea sp (Bougainvillea)

Ndicho kukwira chirimwa yemuno kumatropical kumatunhu eSouth America ayo anogona kusvika pakakwirira kusvika 12 mamita. Iyo haina tambo, asi madzinde ayo akasungwa achishandisa minzwa yakapinza. Muchirimo uye zhizha vanogadzira showy inflorescence, pink, orenji kana chena zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana.

Inogona kukura panze munzvimbo dzakapfava, ine mazaya echando kusvika -2ºC.

Rosa sp (Rose makwenzi)

Iwo ndeimwe eakanakisa maruva shrub aripo. Native kuEurope, North America neNorth West Africa, kune mhando dzinofungidzirwa zana nemazana emirimi uye mahybrids. Izvo zvirimwa zviri nyore kwazvo kutarisira, zvinongoda kugara zvichidiridzwa, kugara uchichekerera (pamusoro pazvose, bvisa maruva akasvava), uye yakawanda zuva kuva anokosha.

Uye kana izvo zvisina kukwana, vanodzivisa zvakanaka kutonhora uye chando pasi kusvika -5ºC.

Wakambonzwa nezve monocotyledonous uye dicotyledonous zvirimwa?