Zvirwere zvemuorivhi: yellow leaf

Muorivhi muti wemuchero usingawanzova nematambudziko akakomba: unogona kurwiswa ne mealybug, kana kuti ungave uine nyota zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusanaya kwemvura kunogara kwenguva refu, asi hausi muti unoda. hanya zvikuru. Zvisinei, kana hutano hwayo husina simba, chimwe chezviratidzo zvekutanga zvatichaona ndeye yellowing yemashizha.

Kuve asina kusimba uye asina kusimba, mashizha echirimwa anowanzova chikamu chekutanga chemuviri wayo kuchinja: anochinja ruvara, anorasikirwa nekusimba, uye mune dzimwe nguva kunyange kupeta. Ndosaka tichida kuti uzive ndezvipi zvirwere zvemuorivhi chiratidzo chikuru mashizha eyero kuitira kuti iwe utore matanho anodiwa kuitira kuti kukuvadza kutsva kurege kuonekwa.

Zvipembenene

Kunyange zvazvo chisiri chirimwa chinowanzobatwa nezvipembenene, pane dzimwe nguva tinogona kuona kuti chine zvimwe. Izvi zvipembenene zvinowanzoitika vanoshingaira zvikuru muzhizha, uye vachizorora kana kuti kurara muchando munguva yechando. Ndinoti "kazhinji" nokuti zvingave zvakadaro kuti nguva yechando inonyanya kudziya, uye zvechokwadi, izvi zvinokurudzira vamwe.

Zvipembenene zvinoita kuti mashizha emuorivhi aite yero ndeaya anotevera:

• Borer: Chaizvoizvo, iyo Phoeotribus scarabaeoides. Iri ibhete iro, muchikamu charo, rinodya mukati mematavi uye hunde yemuti. Izvi zvinoita kuti muorivhi ushaye simba uye mashizha awo aite yero kusvika azodonha. Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana kurapa kwekurapa, asi kune imwe yekudzivirira: zvakasara zvekuchekerera zvinofanira kubviswa, pamwe chete nematavi ayo ane brittle.
• Olive moth (Anonamata oleae): ipembenene inopinda nepakati pezvikamu zvitatu zvekukura: phyllophagous, iyo iyo inodya pamashizha nemashizha ane nyoro; antófaga, painodya maruva; uye pakupedzisira carpófaga, inova apo inoparadza michero. Kuti izvi zvisaitike, kurapwa nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene kunofanira kuitwa. Mamwe mashoko.

Zvirwere

Nezvezvirwere, izvi inogona kukonzerwa nefungi, mavhairasi kana mabhakitiriya. Mazhinji emhando dzepathogenic anoshandisa chipembenene sevector; ndiko kuti, pakarepo painoruma shizha, ruva kana muchero, microorganism inopinda mukati memuti kuburikidza nemhuka yemuromo. Nokudaro, kwete muzviitiko zvose zvichave zvakakwana kurapa chirwere chacho pachako, asi chipembenene chinochiparadzira chichafanirawo kudzorwa.

Asi ndedzipi dzinoita kuti mashizha ave yellow?

• ndinodzokorora: chirwere chinotapurirwa nefungus Spilocaea oleagina izvo zvinoita kuti pave nemavara pamashizha ayo anotanga kutsvuka kozoti mashava. Ndiyo imwe yezvinokuvadza zvikuru, sezvo ichideredza zvakanyanya muti, uye somugumisiro, inoderedza kubereka kwayo. Inofanira kurapwa nefungicides yakadai izvi, asi zvakanakisisa kuchengetedza chirimwa chacho zvakanaka, uye kunyange kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvakasiyana-siyana zvaunoda kutenga zvinopikisa repilo.
• Xylla fastidiosa: chirwere chitsva muSpain, kubva chakaonekwa muna 2016. Chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya (X. fastidiosa) iyo inowanikwa kuchamhembe kweCalifornia (United States). Mavector ayo ndezviya zvipembenene zvinodya matanda emiti. Uye zviratidzo zvazvinobudisa ndezvokufambira mberi kweyero yemashizha uye kupera simba kwemuti. Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana kurapwa kwekurapa, asi kana muorivhi usina nyota, uye kana uchibhadharwa nguva dzose, njodzi yekubatwa nebhakitiriya iyi inogona kuderedzwa. Mamwe mashoko.

Mamwe matambudziko

Kunyange zvazvo sezvataona kune zvipembenene uye zvirwere zvinokonzera yellowing yemashizha emuorivhi, dzimwe nguva chikonzero chinogona kuva, semuenzaniso, kudarika kana kushayikwa kwemvura, kana kunyange muvhu. Ngatitaure nezvazvo:

Kuwandisa kana kushaya mvura

Protagonist yedu muti wemichero unogara wakasvibira wakaberekerwa kuMediterranean. Munharaunda iyi, mazhizha anopisa zvakanyanya (anogona kusvika 41-42ºC mune dzimwe nzvimbo, uye ane husiku hunoverengeka nekudzikira pamusoro pe20ºC), uye nguva yechando inopfava (kunze kwekumusoro-soro, uko kunogona kuita chando chekusvika iyo -12ºC, zvinowanzoitika kuti haidonhedzi pasi pe7ºC. Chokwadi, pakadzika haiwanzo kudonha pasi -2ºC). Y Kana tikataura pamusoro pemvura, ishoma zvikuru: pakati pe250 ne700mm yekunaya kwemvura pagore paavhareji, kunyange zvazvo inogona kudarika 1000mm.

Muorivhi, naizvozvo, unokwanisa kurarama nemvura shoma. Uyezve, kuMallorca, kwandinogara, vanorimwa pasina dambudziko munzvimbo dzavasingapfuuri 300mm yemvura yegore negore. Uye ndinokuvimbisai kuti goho rakanaka. Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti tifungisise izvi, sezvo zvisingadi mvura yakawanda semimwe miti yemichero.

Zviri zvimwe kana yakasimwa muvhu, inokwana kuidiridza kana tikaona kuti kusanaya kwemvura kwatora mavhiki akati kuti uye kuri kupisa zvikuru.. Ehe, isu tichatofanirawo kuzviita kana iri muhari, sezvo zvakajairika kuti ivhu riome nekukurumidza.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekuwedzerwa kana kushayikwa kwemvura mumuti wemuorivhi? Mashizha eyero. Muchiitiko chekutanga tichaona kuti wekutanga kuchinja ruvara achava mukuru, uye wechipiri mudiki. Kuti tidzore muti wedu, tichafanira kumisa kudiridza kana tikaona kuti tiri kudiridza zvakanyanya uye tourapa nemishonga yefungidzi. kuitira kuti fungi irege kuikuvadza; uye pane zvinopesana tichafanira kuidiridza kakawanda kana iri kuoma.

Ini ndinowanzo

Kunyange zvazvo uri muti wemichero unokura muvhu risina kunaka. usaite chikanganiso chekudyara mune imwe inorema zvakanyanya uye compact. Uye ndezvekuti, inogona kushivirira mafashamo anouya nenguva, asi kana midzi yawo ichigara yakafashama, hazvitore nguva kuti vafe. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, usati wadyara mumunda wemichero kana mubindu, unofanirwa kuona kana ine mvura yakanaka, nokuti kana ivhu rikasatora mvura nokukurumidza, saka hazvizove zvakanaka kumuorivhi.

Asi izvi zvine mhinduro iri nyore: zvinongosanganisira kuchera gomba rakakura, 1 x 1 mita, uye kurizadza nemusanganiswa wepeat nhema uye perlite. muzvikamu zvakaenzana.

Sezvawaona, muorivhi unogona kuva nemashizha eyero nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana.