IBlechnum spicant

IiFerns zizityalo zakudala kodwa azikho zintle kunale 'zale mihla'. Azinazo iintyatyambo, kodwa ubukhulu bazo, amagqabi azo (abizwa ngokuba ngamagqabi) kunye nenyaniso yokuba zihlala kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo zenkosi yokumkani zibenza babenomdla kakhulu kwiikona ezinomthunzi esiphela ngokuba nazo egadini okanye kwipatiyo. Olunye lolona hlobo lubalaseleyo yile IBlechnum spicant, kuba ngenxa yobungakanani bayo kufanelekile ukuba neembiza okanye kwiindawo ezincinci.

Ukuba sithetha ngokugcinwa kwayo, kulula kakhulu. Yenye yezimbalwa ezo umelana nengqele nengqele ngaphandle kweengxakiKe imozulu akufuneki ibe ngumqobo ekumangalaneni nathi. Masazi ngakumbi ngaye.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

El IBlechnum spicant luhlobo lohlobo lweBlechnum, oluvela kusapho lwezityalo iBlechnaceae, usapho oluncinci iBlechnoideae. Nangona kuthatha izigidi zeminyaka-oomama baqala ukuvela kwabo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-400 yezigidi eyadlulayo-, yayingenagama de thina bantu safika notitshala uCarlos Linneo wayichaza okokuqala ngonyaka we-1793 encwadini Imemori de l'Academie Royale des Sciences.

Ibonakaliswa ngokuba sisityalo esingapheliyo esihlala sikho, irhizome enesimo se-oblique okanye esime nkqo kwaye sigutyungelwe ngezikali. Amagqabi aphakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-50cm ubude, anempintshi, aluhlaza, akanazintsholongwane okanye achumile, kwaye ane-petiole emfutshane kakhulu (isiqu esibambelela kwirhizome). I-sporangia- kulapho ziveliswa khona ii-spores- zifunyanwa kuphela kwicala elingaphantsi kwamagqabi achumileyo, kwaye zilungiswe kumacala emithambo-luvo ephambili yeepinnae okanye iincwadana ezifanayo.

Imvelaphi yale fern yindawo ye-Eurosiberian. Ifumaneka kumahlathi afumileyo, ahlala ekhula phantsi komthunzi wezityalo ezikhulu kunawo.

Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?

Ungathanda ukufumana ikopi yayo? Olu lukhathalelo esikucebisa ukuba unikeze:

Ubicación

Mayibe ngaphandle, emthunzini (iliso, hayi lilonke) okanye isithunzi-semi. Into efanelekileyo kukuba uhlale ukhuselekile kwezinye izityalo ezinkulu, iindonga okanye iileti eziphezulu.

Umhlaba

Ikhula kwimihlaba eneasidi okanye eneasidi eninzi, enomsele olungileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezo zidongwe kwaye zinzima azonzakalisi kakhulu. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuba ubona ukuba amagqabi ajika abe tyheli eshiya imithambo-luvo ibonakala kakuhle, okanye ukuba awufuni ukuthatha umngcipheko, yichumise amaxesha ngamaxesha ngezichumisi zezityalo ezineasidi (ziyathengiswa apha) okanye yenze iasidi emanzini amanzi (ngezantsi siza kukuxelela ukuba yenziwa njani).

Ukuba unayo embizeni, sebenzisa i-substrate yezityalo ezine-asidi, kunye ne-pH phakathi kwe-4 ne-6, njengale bayithengisayo apha.

Unkcenkceshelo

Endaweni yoko rhoqo. Kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba ungaze wome ngokupheleleyo. Ngesi sizathu, ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu, kuya kufuneka ukunkcenkceshela umyinge wamaxesha ama-3-4 ngeveki ehlotyeni, kunye nomndilili wamaxesha ama-2-3 ngeveki unyaka wonke. Sebenzisa amanzi emvula nanini na xa unako, kodwa ukuba awunakho ukuwafumana, ungakhathazeki njengoko unokuyenza lula i-asidi.

Uwaqinisa njani amanzi?

Kwiindawo apho amanzi afumanekayo anekalika eninzi kwaye, ngenxa yoko, i-pH ephezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-6), inokufakwa i-asidi ngokufaka nje oku kulandelayo:

• xuba isiqingatha semon kwilitha enye yamanzi,
• okanye ugalele icephe leviniga kwiilitha ezi-5 zamanzi.

Kufuneka ukhangele i-pH ukuze ingabi phantsi kakhulu (kufuneka igcinwe phakathi kwe-4 ne-6). Oku kwenziwa ngemicu ye-pH abathengisa ezikhemesti, ezivenkileni ezithengisa yonke into (ezazisaziwa ngaphambili njenge "Yonke into ikwi-100"), kananjalo nokucofa. Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo.

Umbhalisi

Ngalo lonke ixesha lezityalo (yokukhula) kuya kufuneka uyihlawule IBlechnum spicant. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, kwaye nasekwindla ukuba amaqondo obushushu athambile, uyakuxabisa ukufumaneka komgquba rhoqo, njengeguano kwifom engamanzi (iyathengiswa apha), umgquba, umgquba wezilwanyana otya utyani (iibhokhwe nomgquba weenkomo zezona zicetyiswayo), okanye ezinye ezizenziweyo ezifana nexolo lamaqanda neebhanana umzekelo.

Ukuphindaphinda

El IBlechnum spicant, Njengazo zonke iifeni, zanda nge-spores. Olu hlobo lunokuphinda luvelise ngokwahlulahlula i-rhizome, nangona kunzima kakhulu. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye:

I-Spores ekwindla-ebusika

Ukufikelela kwipesenti ephezulu yokuhluma, kufuneka bahlwayelwe ekwindla-ebusika, kuba bafuna ukuchitha ingqele ukuze bakwazi ukuhluma. Ukuhlwayela kuya kwenziwa kwiitreyi -ikhokho umzekelo- ngemingxunya ethile kwisiseko eya kuthi isebenze njengamanzi, okanye kwiimbiza -kwakhona enemingxunya-.

I-substrate oyisebenzisayo yi-mulch (iyathengiswa apha) exutywe ne-30% perlite (iyathengiswa apha). Zigqume ngomaleko obhityileyo walo mxube womhlaba, kwaye uzigcine ngaphandle, emthunzini okanye emthunzini, zihlala zifumile.

Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, baya kuhluma entwasahlobo.

IiRhizomes ebusika-entwasahlobo (zizityalo ezindala kuphela kunye nezikhule kakuhle)

Ukuphindaphinda ngee-rhizomes, kuya kufuneka ulinde de isityalo siphumle, kungenjalo amathuba okuphuma kakuhle angancipha. A) Ewe, Kufuneka ususe isityalo embizeni, kwaye ngoncedo lwemela ebifakwe iintsholongwane ngaphambili, yahlule kubini.

Ngoku, kuya kuhlala kuphela ukutyala ezo ziqwenga kwiimbiza ezizezinye okanye kwezinye iindawo ezikhuselweyo elangeni egadini. Kwaye ubanike amanzi a manzi good.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

En primavera, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Iyamelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -12ºC.

Ucinga ntoni nge IBlechnum spicant? Ubumazi?