Iimpawu zeCactus

Los Cactus zizityalo ezimangalisayo. Kulula kakhulu ukuzinyamekela, kwaye zineentyatyambo ezihombise kakhulu. Njengokuba oku kwakungonelanga, bahlala benamaxabiso aphantsi kakhulu okuthengisa, ngoko ke akukho nzima kuthi ukuba siphele sele sinengqokelela enomdla ngexesha elifutshane.

Kodwa, Zithini iimpawu zecacti? Kweli nqaku likhethekileyo, uza kufumanisa iintlobo ezikhoyo, ezo zimelana nengqele ngcono, kwaye ukuba usafuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda kuba siza kukunika uthotho lweengcebiso ukuze ube nazo izityalo ezinkulu.

Imvelaphi kunye nendaleko yeCacti

Abalinganiswa bethu abanemvelaphi efanayo: America, ngakumbi uMbindi Merika. Kukholelwa ukuba bavele eMhlabeni malunga neminyaka engama-80 yezigidi eyadlulayo. Ngelo xesha zazinamagqabi, kodwa njengoko imozulu iya isiba shushu kwaye ifudumele, baqala kancinci kancinci - kwisithuba seminyaka engamawaka- - 'ukuguqula' amagqabi abe ngameva.

Nangona ingekho mininzi intsalela esele ifikile ngelo xesha, sinokulufumana uluvo lokuba inguquko yabo yayiyintoni na ngenxa yezityalo IPereskia, oyena mdala kubo bonke. Esi sityalo simnandi sinamagqabi, ii-areoles kunye nesiqu esimnandi kulapho sinendawo yokugcina amanzi.

Uzahlula njani icacti kwezinye izityalo? Masiyihlule.

Usapho lweCactaceae 

ICacti zizityalo ezinencasa ezinameva okanye ezingahambelaniyo nosapho lweCactaceae. Umthonyama eMelika, Kule mihla bakwazile ukuziqhelanisa nemozulu yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba.

Ibanzi kakhulu, njengoko inezizukulwana eziyi-200, ineentlobo ezimalunga nama-2500 XNUMX. Nangona kubonakala ngathi bambalwa, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba iminqamlezo emitsha kunye nezilimo zihlala zivela kuyamangalisa ngokwenene.

Izityalo zeCactaceous zibonakaliswa koku kulandelayo:

• areola: luphawu olubalulekileyo lwezi zityalo zimangalisayo. Uya kuzifumana kwiimbambo. Kubo kuvela ameva-ukuba anayo, iintyatyambo, iinwele kunye namagqabi.
• Isiqu: ikwabizwa ngokuba 'ngumzimba', inokuba yikholam (iziqu zesilinda ezikhula ziye phezulu), i-globose (ene-spherical bearing) okanye i-cladode (iziqu ezisicaba).
• Intyatyambo yeCactus: Alithandabuzeki elokuba yinxalenye yecactus etsala umdla. Azihlali ixesha elide njengezinye izityalo, kodwa ngaphandle koku, ziyaqhubeka nokutsala umdla omtsha kunye nabathandi beCacti. Ziye zodwa kunye ne-hermaphroditic, oko kuthetha ukuba iintyatyambo ziyakwazi ukuzenzela ipollin zodwa, kuba zinamalungu obufazi kunye nabesilisa kuwo.
• Isiqhamo: ihlala incinci, malunga ne-2-4cm ubude. Ngaphakathi ziqulathe ngeenxa zonke imbewu ye-10, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo.

Unonophelo lweCacti

¿Uyinyamekela njani icactus? Kuhlala kucingwa ukuba ziyamelana kakhulu nezityalo zembalela, ezinokuhamba ngaphandle kwamanzi iiveki, kodwa inyani yahlukile. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo indoda, ebikade ikhula i-cacti iminyaka, indixelele into ebambelele kwimemori yam, eyile: ukuba icacti ayifuni manzi maninzi, ziya kubonakala ngakumbi kwiigadi apho imvula inqabile. Ngaloo mini enye yeentsomi ezibalulekileyo yadilizwa.

Kuyinyani ukuba zizityalo ezihlala kwimimandla eyomileyo, kodwa Batya iimvula zemvula, endithi ngendlela umvelisi wecacti andixelele ukuba zezinye zezona zinesondlo emhlabeni. Ke ubanyamekela njani?

Ewe, zizityalo ezinombulelo kakhulu, kodwa ... kufuneka ubankcenkceshele 🙂. Ubuninzi buya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwixesha okhoyo, i-substrate enayo, kunye nobudala be-cactus uqobo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nembono ngokubanzi okanye engaphantsi ngokubanzi, sinokuthi ...:

• Unkcenkceshelo: Siza kunkcenkceshela malunga namaxesha ama-2 ngeveki ehlotyeni, sincipha ukuya kwi-1 rhoqo kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe okanye ezilishumi kulo lonke unyaka. Ebusika, nanini na amaqondo obushushu esihla ngezantsi ko-0ºC, ukunkcenkceshela kuya kunqunyanyiswa kude kubuye intwasahlobo. Amanzi esiwanika wona kufanelekile ukuba abe kumgangatho olungileyo, oko kukuthi, imvula, kodwa kwimeko apho singenakho ukuyifumana, inokusezwa ngaphandle kwengxaki ngamanzi ezimbiwa okanye kwimpompo. Kodwa, ewe, ukuba unamanzi anekalika eninzi, gcwalisa ibhakethi ulishiye ubusuku bonke ukuze isinyithi esinzima, njengekalika, sifakwe ngaphakathi.
• UkupasaKucetyiswa kakhulu. Ukuze ibe nokukhula okugqwesileyo kunye nophuhliso, kufuneka ichunyiswe kusetyenziswa isichumiso esithile seSucculents. Ukuba ukhetha ukukhetha izichumisi zendalo, ungasebenzisa i-guano okanye i-humus yolwelo ngokulandela iingcebiso zomenzi, okanye umgquba wehashe.
• Inkqutyana: bafuna umhlaba onomjelo ofanelekileyo, njengoko boyika ukuntywila kwamanzi. Umxube olungileyo unokuba yi: 60% ye-peat emnyama + 30% ye-perlite + ye-10% yesanti yomlambo. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo enemvula kakhulu, yongeza enye iparele; Kwelinye icala, ukuba unemozulu eyomileyo okanye eyomileyo kakhulu, yongeza ipeat encinci.
• Ukuboniswa: njengoko zizityalo ezithanda ilanga, kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo apho zifumana inkwenkwezi yenkosi ngokuthe ngqo. Kwimeko apho zivela khona kwigreenhouse, kungcono ukuba zibekwe kwindawo enesithunzi (apho sinokukhanya okungaphezulu komthunzi), kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe siyibeke elangeni.

Kwaye ukuba ndihlala kwindawo ebanda kakhulu? Subanexhala.

ICacti njengezityalo zendlu

Ngoku ukuba siyabazi ukuba banjani kwaye bafuna ukhathalelo olunjani, masithethe ngobunzima bezizityalo. Kulungile bayabanda kakhulu. Ukuthathela ingqalelo oku, kufanelekile ukuba babe njengezityalo ezityalwa kuloo mimandla apho ubusika bubanda khona.

ICacti ikulungele ukuhombisa naliphi na igumbi, njengokungena ekhaya okanye kwigumbi lokuhlala. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba babekwe kwigumbi eliqaqambe kakhulu, kude kuyilo (kokubini kuyabanda kwaye kushushu). Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uzibeke kufutshane nefestile, kodwa kuya kufuneka uyiguqule amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuze ifumane ukukhanya kwelanga okufanayo kuwo onke amalungu esityalo.

Unokuba nayo kwigumbi lakho lokulala, kodwa kuya kufuneka ndikuxelele into: I-cacti ayifunisi imitha ye-electromagnetic kwiikhompyuter… Akunjalo kwakona. Ngapha koko, ukulungiselela le njongo kuya kufuneka siyibeke ngokuchanekileyo phakathi kweliso kunye nathi, kuba amaza ahamba ngqo. Kwaye, ewe, ngubani onokubeka isityalo esigubungele isikrini? Akunakwenzeka, kuba i-radiation evela kwezinye iindawo zekhompyuter iya kuqhubeka nokufikelela kuthi.

Ke zisengcono "njengezityalo zokuhombisa."

Eyona cacti intle onayo embizeni

Zininzi ii-cacti ezisibalaselisa ngobuhle bazo, nangona uninzi zifikelela kubungakanani obenza ukuba isityalo singakulungeli ukubumba. Kodwa ndineendaba ezimnandi zokukunika: kukho abanye abahlala bencinci ebomini babo. Kwaye zilandelayo:

• I-Astrophytum asterias: encinci ye-Astrophytum yi-cactus ekhethekileyo.
• Coryphanta: njenge C. palmeri okanye IcwecweZizityalo zobuhle obunye.
• Echinocereus: Olu hlobo lwenziwe zizityalo ezincinci zekholamu. Ezona ntlobo zinomdla zezi E. pectinatus kunye E.stramineus. Ukongeza, bayamelana neqabaka elungileyo kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 degrees ngezantsi kwe-zero.
• I-Echinopsis: iintyatyambo zolu hlobo ziyamangalisa. Yonwabela i-O. Oxygona okanye E. aurea.
• ILobivia: njenge L. ikhalori o L. winteriana, baneentyatyambo eziza kukwenza uthandane.
• mammillariaUngathini malunga nohlobo olubanzi lwecacti? Ngokwenyani zonke iintlobo zinokubizwa, kodwa sibalaselisa M. intsiba kunye M. carmenae. Bayayichasa iqabaka yasekuseni ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kufuneka babe ne-substrate eyomileyo ukuze bangaboli.
• Iirebhiya: iintyatyambo zezi zityalo zihlala zithatha ingqalelo enkulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthi yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo embizeni njengoko injalo, kodwa sishiyeke nayo R. arenacea kunye R. krainziana.

Siyathemba ukuba olu khetho lubalulekile kwaye lunomdla kuwe. Unganqikazi ukushiya uluvo lwakho ukuba unemibuzo okanye ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingcebiso.

Intyatyambo yeCactus

Iintyatyambo ze-cactus zihle kakhulu, zinemibala eyoyikekayo kunye neyokuhombisa enje ngobomvu, pinki, mhlophe okanye tyheli. Kodwa, ngokuxhomekeke kubume bayo, sinako ukwahlula iintlobo ezintathu:

Kukhulu

Zezona ntyatyambo zibalaseleyo zeCacti, kwaye zezona zinomtsalane. I-genera Rebutia, iLobivia okanye i-Echinopsis zezona zivelisa owona mboniso mhle. Bangaphaya ko 4cm ububanzi.

Kancinci

Kukho ezinye iicacti, ezinjengeMammillaria, ezivelisa iintyatyambo ezincinci kakhulu ezithi zahlukane kancinci ukusuka kwisityalo sikanina. Balinganisa ngaphantsi kwe-1 centimeter, kodwa ixabiso layo lokuhomba liphakame kakhulu.

Tubulares

Njengaleyo yeCleistocactus okanye iOreocereus umzekelo. Ezi ntlobo zeentyatyambo zigcinwa zivaliwe, kuphela zii-stamens kunye ne-pistil ezivela ngaphandle kancinci. Zizo ezitsala ingqalelo encinci, kodwa zinomdla kakhulu. Kwaye kulapho xa uhlala kwindawo apho ebusuku iqondo lobushushu liyehla ukusondela kwi-0 degrees, nangaphezulu, ukuba bafuna ukuphindaphindeka bafuna ezona ndawo zibuthathaka zentyatyambo ukuba zikhuselwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Uyenza njani intyatyambo yecactus?

Ngaba unayo i-cactus kwaye awukwazi ukuyifumana ukukunika iintyatyambo? Emva koko zama iingcebiso zethu:

• Ukutshintshela kwimbiza enkulu: Ukuba awuzange uyenze, kuya kufuneka utyale i-cactus yakho embizeni malunga ne-2-3 cm ububanzi kunaleyo yangaphambili ukuze iqhubeke nokukhula, kananjalo, ukuze idubule. Sebenzisa i-substrate enomjelo olungileyo, njenge-peat emnyama exutywe ne-perlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iya kulunga.
• Beka kwindawo ekhanyayo: ezi zityalo azihlali kakuhle emthunzini, ubuncinci emthunzini. Ukuba unayo ngaphakathi, yibeke egumbini elinokukhanya kwendalo okuninzi; kwaye ukuba unayo ngaphandle, ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye uyibeke elangeni.
• Bhatala intwasahlobo nehlobo: ukongeza ekufumaneni unkcenkceshelo olunye okanye ezimbini ngeveki ehlotyeni kwaye enye rhoqo kwiintsuku ezili-15 ukuya ku-20 unyaka wonke, kubalulekile ukuba uwuchumise ngesichumiso esithile se-cacti ulandela imiyalelo echazwe kwiphakheji.

Kwaye ukuba awukwazi ukuyifumana intyatyambo, isenokuba luhlobo olufuna ixesha ukuvelisa iintyatyambo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba icactus idubule?

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo nohlobo, kodwa ukukunika umbono, ezi kholamu zinokuthatha ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10, ngelixa ezi globular zinokuqalisa ukukwenza emva kweminyaka emi-3-4.