Imesquite emnandi (Prosopis glandulosa)

Imithi yosapho lakwaFabaceae, ubukhulu becala, izityalo ezikhula kwimimandla efudumeleyo enemvula encinci. Ngelixa kukho ezinye ezinomdla kakhulu ukukhula kwiigadi, ezinje nge IAlbizia julibrissinKwelinye icala, kukho ezinye ezilungileyo ukwazi ... kodwa akukho nto iyenye. Omnye wabo waziwa ngokuba yi-mesquite emnandi, ogama lakhe lezesayensi Iprosopis glandulosa.

Nangona ingafakwanga kwiKhathalogu yeeNdidi ezihlaselayo zaseSpain, ibandakanyiwe kuluhlu lwezona zilwanyana zingaqhelekanga eziyikhulu ehlabathini ezilungiselelwe yi-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN); ngenxa yoko asikukhuthazi ukulinywa kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, Kutheni le nto iyingozi kwindalo? Ngaba iyasebenza?

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu ze Iprosopis glandulosa

El Iprosopis glandulosa ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza okhula ufike kwiimitha ezili-14 ukuphakama, nangona into eqhelekileyo kukuba ingagqithi kwiimitha ezili-9, kwaye kumasebe anameva athile. Amagqabi awo aluhlaza, aqulathe i-pinnae okanye amaphecana amade, kwaye malunga nesentimitha ubude.

Sivelisa iintyatyambo ixesha elininzi lonyaka; ngokuthe ngqo, ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kokuwa. Ezi zi-spikes ezityheli eziqokelelwe ukwenza i-inflorescence ende, efanayo kumzekelo wee-catkins ze-willows (Salix). Iziqhamo, njengazo zonke iimbotyi, yimidumba, ethi kwimeko yemesquite eswiti ibe luhlaza-tyheli. Ngaphakathi iqulethe iimbewu ezijikeleziweyo.

Ifumaneka phi i-mesquite emnandi?

Inzalelwane eMntla Melika, ngakumbi ukusuka emazantsi-ntshona e-United States ukuya emantla eMexico. Ukucaciswa ngakumbi, ihlala kufutshane neentlango, kumathafa awomileyo, ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kwi-1800 yeemitha zokuphakama. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ikhuliswe kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.

Ngumthi Iyayichasa imbalela, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ehlotyeni (40ºC, mhlawumbi ukuya kuthi ga kuma-45ºC), kwaye ayoyiki iqabaka nokuba (Ngokwezinye iingosi zesiNgesi, ezinje nge-PFAF, ifumana ingozi enkulu xa imekyuri iyehla iye kwi -22ºC ukuba umthi umdala; ukuba umncinci awunakuthwala ingqele, kuphela ukuya kwi -1ºC).

Kuko konke oku, ngekhe kumangalise ukuba abaninzi bakhuthazwe ukuba babe nomzekelo egadini yabo, kuba iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa kwaye iyamelana. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu zimbini, kunye nenqanaba lokuhluma okuphezulu, zezona zinokulimaza iintyatyambo zemveli.

Ngaba ikhona into etyiwayo okanye esetyenziselwa amayeza?

Inyaniso, ewe. Zombini incindi yeentyatyambo, kunye neembotyi, iimbewu kunye nentsa yamaxolo ziyatyiwa.. Ngawo amaqebengwana, iipapaji, itshungama, kunye neziselo. Umzekelo, iimbotyi eziseluhlaza ziyatyiwa njenge mifuno, umzekelo kwiisuphu okanye kuphekiwe; Kwelinye icala, ezivuthiweyo zihlala zityunyuzwa zide zibe luhlobo lomgubo, othi ke ugalelwe kwisikhongozeli esinamanzi kangangeeyure ezingama-24, ude ube lukhuni, kwaye ekugqibeleni usetyenziselwe ukwenza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iikeyiki isonka.

Malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza, kwiindawo zayo zemvelaphi isetyenziselwa umqala obuhlungu, ukuphilisa izilonda kunye nezilonda, nolawulo lweentwala. Ukufakwa kwamagqabi kunciphisa umkhuhlane, kunye nejusi ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelela kunye nokucaphuka kwamehlo.

Ngaba inokuhlakulelwa ukuze iphinde ibuye kumahlathi?

Inyani yile yokuba andikucebisi. Ukutyala kwakhona amahlathi kuhlala kungcono ukusebenzisa izityalo ezizenzekelayo, ekuthi ekugqibeleni kuthathe amawaka, mhlawumbi izigidi zezizukulwana, ukuziqhelanisa nemozulu kunye nemihlaba yendawo.. I Iprosopis glandulosa kuyathakazelisa ukuba isetyenziselwa ukuphinda uhlalutye amahlathi ahlaziyiweyo eMexico umzekelo, okanye eUnited States, kuba ngapha koko isuka kuloo mimandla.

Kodwa kwilizwe elifana neSpain, ngokunyanisekileyo, andinakumangaliswa yiyo nantoni na engenayo kwaye ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwizityalo zendalo. Kubonwe kunye Leucaena leucocephala kwiiCanary Islands, ekwangumthi wosapho lakwaFabaceae, olukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye neentyatyambo ezintle ezityheli ezimile okomntu okomileyo, kwaye nayo iyinzalelwane yaseMexico (unolwazi oluthe kratya ngayo kwi-portal ye IMITECO). Okanye masingatsho UAilanthus altissima, umthi okhula ngokukhawuleza onciphisa indawo zendalo ngokuthintela izityalo zemveli ekungeneni kuwo (elilungelo labo, ukuba ndingatsho njalo).

Ukuba oko ineempawu ezenza ukuba ibe sisityalo esinomdla, kodwa ingekuko ukwenza amahlathi kwakhona. Iingcambu zawo zinzulu, kwaye zilungisa i-nitrogen emhlabeni, ke zithintela umhlaba ukuba ungagungqi, okanye ukuba sele ukhona, ekuqhubekeni ukuthotywa. Imbewu ihluma msinyane nje ukuba ifumane ukufuma okuncinci, kwaye isityalo asithathi xesha lide ukuzinza. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo sokutyala a Iprosopis glandulosa egadini, kungcono ukujonga ezinye iindlela.