Isini IPistacia Yenziwe ziintlobo ezili-10, zonke ezosapho lweAnarcardiaceae. Ezi zityalo zivela kwiiCanary Islands, eMntla Afrika, nakwezinye iindawo ezifudumeleyo, iindawo ezinamathafa e-Eurasia. Le yeminye imithi kunye namatyholo ahlala efikelela kwiimitha ezingama-25 ukuphakama kwaye ezinye iintlobo azidluli kwimitha enye.
Kweli nqaku siza kuvavanya ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo nezaziwayo zohlobo lwePistacia ukuze ubazi ngcono.
Uhlobo lwePistacia
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, zizityalo ezikhula kwiindawo ezishushu, ngenxa yoko zifuna inqanaba eliphezulu lokufuma ukuze zihlale kakuhle. Uninzi lunamagqabi atshintshanayo, adityanisiweyo kunye namaphini. Sifumana zombini ezihlala ziluhlaza kwaye zinqabileyo iintlobo. Zizityalo ze-phanerogamic kunye ne-dioecious. Oku kuthetha ukuba zineentyatyambo ezingamadoda nezamabhinqa kwaye zohlukene omnye komnye.
Ukuba ufuna inani lePistacias egadini yakho okanye emadlelweni ukuze usebenze kakuhle, kufuneka kubekho izityalo ezibini zesini. Ngokubhekisele kwimithi, inokubanakho ukuba yinto enqabileyo okanye eluhlaza okomhlaza. Izazinzulu zicinga ukuba olu didi luvele malunga neminyaka engama-80 yezigidi eyadlulayo kwaye lwatshintshela kulento luyiyo namhlanje. Iintyatyambo zii-apétalas kwaye ziqokelelwe ngokwamaqela. Kuxhomekeka kwindidi, sifumana iintlobo ukusuka emfusa ukuya kuluhlaza.
Ke sona isiqhamo sawo, ihlala iyidrupe engathandekiyo, nangona kukho ezinye iintlobo ezityiwayo. Imbewu ayinayo i-endosperm. Indlela ezivelisa ngayo kukusetyenziswa kwembewu kunye nokusasazwa kwazo ziintaka. Kwezi ntaka, iziqhamo zePistacia zihlala zibubutyebi obuxabisekileyo ngamaxesha onyaka okuzala, ukufuduka kunye nexesha lokubanda, xa ukutya kunqabile.
Uninzi lweentlobo zezolu hlobo zizityalo ezilungelelaniswe nembalela ezinokuhlala ngokugqibeleleyo entlango. Ngesi sizathu, banokuhlala ngokugqibeleleyo kwimozulu yeMeditera, apho kuhlala kukho imbalela yehlobo ngexesha elishushu lonyaka. Olunye uncedo kukuba ludla ngokunyamezeleka kakhulu kwimihlaba enetyuwa, ngoko ke akukho ngxaki ekuyihlwayeleni kwabo kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni.
Ezona mfuno ziphambili
Ayifuni iimfuno ezininzi kuba zinakho ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lobushushu apho bahlala khona liqala ukusuka kwi-10 degrees ebusika ukuya kwi-40 degrees ehlotyeni. Sisityalo esikhula kancinci, ngenxa yoko asizukuqala sithwale isiqhamo kude kube yiminyaka esi-7 okanye eli-10 emva kokuzalwa kwaso.
Ezinye zeentlobo ze-genus zikhetha ubuninzi bokufuma, kodwa azikhuli ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko eziphezulu zokufuma. Kungenxa yokuba iingcambu zithande ukubola kwaye zihlaselwe sisikhunta esonakalisayo. Ukuthintela le meko, kuya kufuneka ukuba unkcenkceshele ngokumodareyitha ukuze ungangxameli amanzi okunkcenkceshela. Umjelo wamanzi omhlaba nawo kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo. Ukuba umhlaba unobunkunkqele obungavumeli amanzi okunkcenkceshela ukuba acoceke kakuhle, sizakuba semngciphekweni wokubola kwesityalo ngenxa yamanzi agqithisileyo okanye ukuthambekela ekuhlaselweni sisikhunta esibi.
Ukuze ube nokukhula kakuhle, ifuna ixesha lembalela yonyaka. Le yinto eqhelekileyo kwimozulu apho ikhula khona ngokwendalo. Ezi zityalo zihlala zikhupha i-resin okanye iphunga lezonyango. Kwezinye zezinto eziphilayo zinencasa kwaye zinamandla. Ungaziphindaphinda zombini ngembewu nangokusika kunye namahlumela ukusuka kwingcambu. Ukuba unqwenela, ezinye zeentlobo ze-arboreal kunye ne-shrub zingenza ezinye i-clumps ngenxa yeemeko ezigqithisileyo apho ziphantsi kwendawo yazo yendalo. Zikwenza la matyholo kuba ukutya kwemifuno etyiwayo kugqithisile kwaye kuyakuthintela ukukhula kakuhle.
Ezinye zezona ntlobo zaziwayo
Masenze ngoku ukubala kwezona ntlobo zaziwayo kwaye sibeka inkcazo emfutshane
IPistacia lentiscus
Yaziwa njenge Imastic. Yisihlahla esihlala sihlaza esine-dioecious shrub esidlula kwiimitha ezi-5 ukuphakama ukuba kukhathalelwe ngokufanelekileyo. Amagqabi aluhlaza ocacileyo kwaye iintyatyambo zawo zibomvu kodwa zincinci ngobukhulu. Iintyatyambo zenzeka entwasahlobo. Zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukubumba uthango kunye namaqela oxineneyo. Zilungele iigadi eziselunxwemeni kwimozulu yaseMeditera.
Ifuna ukubekwa elangeni kunye nemozulu eshushu. Ayinyanzelekanga ngohlobo lomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuba ine-drainage elungileyo kwaye amanzi okunkcenkceshela awafumani. Ukutyala, eyona ilungileyo ikwindla okanye entwasahlobo. Ayifuni kuthenwa okanye izichumisi, kuba iyakhula kwimihlaba engathathi ntweni. Uyaxabisa umgquba othile.
IPistacia terebinthus
Yaziwa njenge ingqiniba. Sisihlahla esinqumlayo esingaba phakathi kweemitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuphakama. Amagqabi awo aluhlaza oqaqambileyo kwaye iintyatyambo zincinci, zibomvu kwaye zilungelelaniswe ngokwamaqela. Ukudubula kweentyatyambo kwenzeka phakathi entwasahlobo. Isetyenziswa njengesityalo sokuthambisa kwiindawo ezomileyo egadini.
Ifuna ukubekwa elangeni kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nangona iyayichasa iqabaka ebusika. Ihlala kwilitye lekalika nakwimihlaba ephantsi, ngenxa yoko ayifuni mgquba okanye ukuthena. Kungcono ukubankcenkceshela ngokulinganayo ukunqanda ukuxinana kwamanzi. Ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela kwakhona, umhlaba mawome.
I-Atlantic Pistacia
La I-Atlantic Pistacia ngumthi onqabileyo ofikelela phakathi kwe-8 kunye ne-12 yeemitha ukuphakama. Isithsaba sayo sishinyene kwaye amagqabi aluhlaza ocacileyo. Iintyatyambo zayo ziyavela ngokwamaqela kwaye inamabhinqa kunye neenkunzi. Ifuna indawo kwilanga elipheleleyo, kwaye ibe kude nemibhobho okanye iipavumente kuba iingcambu zayo zingazonakalisa. Ingakhula kwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo, nangona ifuna idreyina elungileyo ukunqanda ukuntywila emanzini. Ayifuni kunkcenkceshelwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuxhathisa kakhulu kwimbalela.
IPistacia Vera
Ngumthi onqabileyo onobude obuphakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-7 yeemitha. Amagqabi aluhlaza amnyama kunye neentyatyambo ziyavela ngokwamaqela kwaye zimdaka ngombala. Bafuna ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nomhlaba olungileyo wokuhambisa amanzi. Ixhasa isomiso kakuhle, ke ngoko amanzi kufuneka abe ngcathu. Iyakwazi ukuphila kumhlaba ombi kwaye ayifuni kuthenwa okanye kuvundiswe.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nohlobo lwePistacia.