Ukuphindaphindwa kwe-Orchid ngembewu

Ii-Orchids zivuse umdla okhethekileyo eYurophu kwinkulungwane ephelileyo, kangangokuba ezinye iisampulu zathengiswa ngegolide ngabaqokeleli. Iingcali kunye nososayensi bexesha abakwazanga ukuphindaphinda ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziphezulu.

Nanamhlanje kukho amathandabuzo amaninzi malunga nawo kunjani ukuphindaphindwa kweorchid ngembewu phakathi kwama hobbyists, kuba ukuba wonke umntu uyifumene le mfihlakalo, ngokuqinisekileyo sinokuzonwabela ngakumbi ezi zityalo zihle kwaye zintle.

Imbewu yeorchid ihluma njani kwindalo?

Zininzi izityalo eziye zakha ubudlelwane beempawu kunye nezinye izityalo okanye ezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ngapha koko, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ngendlela efanayo nezomthi womthi womthi womelela ngakumbi ukuba ufumene ifungi ethile ekhethekileyo emhlabeni apho zikhula khona ukwenza i-mycorrhizae (i-symbiosis phakathi komngundo neengcambu), kwenzeka into efanayo malunga nee-orchids ngokubhekisele iimbewu zayo.

Oku kwafunyanwa ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, sisazinzulu esingumFrentshi uNoël Bernard. IMicrocurriza ivumela imbewu ukuba ihlume kwindalo. Ukusebenza kwayo kulandelayo: umngundo uyondla imbewu, uyinike izondlo kunye namanzi, kwaye ke yona itya ii-carbohydrate kunye neevithamini akanako ukuvelisa izixa ezaneleyo.

Namhlanje le ayisetyenziswanga kuba iyindlela enzima kakhulu, njengoko ifuna ukukhathalela ukungunda.

Ngaba iiorchid zinokuhluma ngaphandle komngundo?

Ekuhambeni kwexesha kwafumaniseka ukuba ukuntshula kwe-orchid kunokwenzeka nangaphandle kokungunda okungalinganiyo, ukhetha nje umhlaba otyebileyo kwiityiwa zetyuwa, i-sucrose kunye nezinye izinto.

Ungayityala njani imbewu ye-orchid?

Ukutyalwa kwe-vitro kwesi sityalo kuye kwayimfashini kwii-60s. Imbewu yeorchid kufuneka ibekwe kumhlaba owondleke kakuhle kwindawo engenabungozi kwaphela. (ijagi okanye ibhotile yeglasi). Imbewu iyantshula, ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphakathi kwaye ekugqibeleni amagqabi aqala ukukhula. Xa amagqabi okuqala 3-4 ekhula, atyalwa afuduselwe kwelinye ilizwe elilungele ii-orchids ezincinci.

Inkcubeko yayo ye-vitro ihlala iphumelela, ukusukela oko Iintyatyambo zokuqala zivela kwiminyaka emi-2-3, xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka esi-7 eyenzekayo xa indalo.

Iingcebiso zokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuhluma

Ukuze inani elikhulu lembewu lihlume, sicebisa oku kulandelayo:

• Inkqutyana: khetha umzekelo umthi otyunyuziweyo, okanye ifayibha yekhokhonathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba yi-substrate entsha, okanye ubuncinci inzalo.
• Amanzi: Sebenzisa imvula rhoqo okanye ngaphandle kwekalika. Kufuneka ibe nyulu kangangoko. Kuya kulungela amanzi okusetyenziswa ngabantu.
• Ubicación ukusuka kwimbewu: yibeke ecaleni komthombo wobushushu, kwindawo ekhuselweyo elangeni ngqo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ii-orchids zizityalo ezikhula phantsi komthunzi wezityalo ezikhulu kunale.
• Ukutshintshwa: shiya izithole zakho kwisitya apho ziye zantshula zada zafikelela kubukhulu obumalunga neesentimitha eziyi-5-7. Ngale ndlela, kuya kuba lula kuwe ukwahlulahlula kwaye ubenze badlulise ukufakelwa.

Ibaluleke kangakanani inkcubeko ye-vitro yee-orchids emhlabeni?

Ii-orchids zizityalo ezivelisa imbewu encinci kakhulu, ihlala iphantsi kwe-1 millimeter. Ukongeza, bayayifuna le microrhizal fungus ukuze ihlume, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba isizukulwana esitsha sivelisa amawaka embewu, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kuthi ga ngaphezulu kwe-100. Ingxaki kukuba kubo bonke abo, Yi-1% kuphela ehlumayo.

Kwaye oku, kungenza njani ukuba kungenjalo, bekuthethe ukuba kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisekho kwaye zisesichengeni sokuphela, kuba kule ngxaki zongezwa ezinye njengokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukugawulwa ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye nokukhutshwa iisampulu kwindalo.

Enkosi ngokulima i-vitro, iintlobo ezinje nge ULaelia gouldiana, engasakhuli ngokwendalo, isaphila kwiilebhuNgokukodwa kwiibhanki zentsholongwane. Ayilinywanga ngale ndlela kuphela, kodwa phantse zonke iiorchid zorhwebo: iPhalaenopsis, iDendrobium, iCambria, kunye neetetera ende, baqala ubomi babo kwisikhongozeli esihlala senziwe ngeglasi.

Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ezi zityalo ngamanye amaxesha zivelisa i-keikis, eziyimifuziselo ephuma kwisityalo esingumama, kodwa ayizizo zonke iintlobo ezinazo minyaka le, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba zazi ukuba zingangaphi. Endaweni yoko, Ukuphinda-phinda ngembewu ye-orchid, nakwi-vitro, yinto ekudala ikho inokubakho kuzo zonke iintlobo; hayi ngelize, zonke ziya kuqala ukuchuma ngaxa lithile ebomini bazo.

Kwaye oku sigqibile. Siyathemba ukuba ufunde lukhulu malunga nokutyala imbewu ye-orchid, kwaye uyakhuthazwa ukuba uzame 🙂. Ukuhamba phambili ngokwakho akukho lula, kodwa kunjalo akunakwenzeka ukuba zibenze bahlume.