Ngaba igama le Ihevea brasiliensis? Mhlawumbi awuzange uyive ebomini bakho, ngaphandle kokuba ufunda i-botany okanye imisebenzi ehambelana nayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo esithetha ngazo, kuba isetyenziselwa ukumiliselwa kumazwe aseYurophu naseAsia ukwenza irabha.
Namhlanje sinika ithuba kunye nokuqaqamba kumthi werabha. Uyamkhumbula ngoku? Njengokuba, Ngoku uyazi ngokweenkcukacha zonke ezona zinto zibalulekileyo yesi sityalo kwaye ngokweempawu kunye nendawo yokuhlala, uya kuba nakho ukwazi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ubenaso ekhayeni lakho okanye hayi.
Idatha ngokubanzi Ihevea brasiliensis
Njengoko usazi kakuhle saziwa ngegama laso elingcolileyo "umthi werabha”. Luhlobo lwetropiki, oluluhlobo olo IHevea, kwaye imvelaphi yabo ikweli lizwekazi lase Mzantsi Melika Yeyosapho Iifayile Kwaye namhlanje kukho izityalo ezininzi, ezininzi kakhulu kwihlabathi lonke.
Ewe ukukhulisa isivuno esihle, indawo ekufuneka ifunyenwe kuyo kufuneka ibenayo Iimpawu zetropiki okanye ezikufuphi. Kuqhelekile ukuyibona kumazwe afana neBrazil, iVenezuela kunye namanye amaLatin America, njengokuba kukho amasimi kuMazantsi mpuma eAsia nakuninzi lweNtshona Afrika.
Isakhono sesi sityalo siphezulu kakhulu, ngokulula iphumelele ukubuyisela owona mthombo uphambili wemveliso yerabha yendalo. Kude kube namhla isekwisikhundla sokuqala kwaye ayinakubangelwa yile nto inomdla kuphela, kodwa ikwanazo neempawu zesityalo esiza kubona kamva.
Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba ukulima kwayo namhlanje kunendawo enkulu kumazwe aseAsia, kodwa enye ye ezona zityalo zinkulu ehlabathini zibekwe eHawaii. Ngoku, masiqhubekele kwiimpawu zesityalo ezenza ukuba zibhetyebhetye, zahlukile kwaye zifunwa kakhulu.
Izixhobo
Kukho ulwazi oluninzi ukugubungela ngokweempawu zesityalo. Kodwa siya kuyenza ngendlela elula nengqalileyo.
Imbonakalo yomzimba
Kulula ukufumanisa esi sityalo ngokubonakala kwaso, kuba inenkuni emhlophe kunye neendawo zayo eziphakamileyo. Ngokulula isityalo esikhathalelwe kakuhle sinokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-40 ukuphakama ngaphandle kwengxaki, nangona ubuncinci bokuphakama bujikeleze i-15 okanye i-20 yeemitha.
Ngokufanayo, Unomphezulu omkhulu wexolo. Le yinxalenye esetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukukhupha ulwelo olunobisi olumhlophe oluvela kanye xa kusikiwe ixolo. Ngokubhekisele kumboko, ikhula ngokuthe tye kwaye iyimbumba, into eqhelekileyo kukuba iphakathi kwama-30 nama-60 cm ubukhulu.
ILatex
I-Latex ekwimo engamanzi yeyona nto inomtsalane kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwesi sityalo, kuqikelelwa ukuba indidi esele ikhule kwindawo yayo ephezulu inokubamba malunga ne-30% yerabha kwixolo layo.
Kuxhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezenziweyo, Oku kungagcinwa okanye kwenziwe inkqubo yokufumana iimveliso eziqinileyo, Njengamavili. Nokuba zininzi iindidi zamanqaku ezinokwenziwa kule latex efumaneka kwisityalo, injalo iigloves zotyando.
Amagqabi
Amagqabantshintshi akabonakalisi kangako nangobume okanye umbala. Into endiyaziyo yile zinde ngokwaneleyo, kuba banokufikelela kwi-16 cm ubude ngelixa ububanzi buyi-7 cm ubuninzi. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba amagqabi ayawa njengoko isityalo sisondela kumaxesha omileyo. Isibonakaliso sokuba le nkqubo izakuqala kukuba kumagqabi asesithsaba somthi ithande ukujika umbala obomvu ngokungqombela. Emva koko bayazikhulula kwaye emva kwexesha elithile, ikhula kwakhona.
Ixesha lobomi
Abanye babanga ukuba yi Isityalo esinamandla okuphila iminyaka eli-100, abanye bacinga ukuba ubomi bakhe yiminyaka engama-30 kuphela ubuninzi. Inyani yile yokuba yonke into iya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezinje ngendawo esikuyo isityalo, iimeko zokusingqongileyo kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, nokuba inyangwa okanye ayinyangwa ngabantu ngeenjongo zorhwebo.
Iipropati zelatex
Sele ichaziwe ukuba eyona nto inomtsalane kwisityalo yi-latex, kodwa iipropathi zelulwelo azikaxoxwa. Ke, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba:
- Inama-hydrocarbon aphakathi kwama-30 nama-35%.
- Iqulethe kuphela i-0.5% yomlotha.
- Malunga ne-1.5% yeeprotheyini
- Kuphela yi-2% yentlaka.
- 5% quebrachitol.
Indawo yokuhlala
Kumacandelo angaphambili Imvelaphi yale ndidi ikhankanywe nje ngentla kwaye apho bahlala beyihlakulela, kodwa le nto ayithethwanga kwaphela kwaphela. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba isityalo seerabha ikakhulu sikufuphi noMlambo iAmazon. Kukule ndawo apho ihlala ikhula ngokwendalo kwaye inentabalala enkulu.
Ewe kunjalo, ayisiyiyo kuphela indawo eLatin America apho ifunyanwa khona kuba oluhlobo lufumaneka ngokulula kwimimandla esehlathini yaseBrazil, kwezinye iindawo IVenezuela, e-Ecuador, eColombia, eBolivia kunye namanye amazwe aseLatin America.
Inyani yile yokuba ukuze esi sityalo sikhule, njengoko usazi kakuhle, sidinga imeko-bume eneempawu ezithile. Yayo, kufuneka ibe kwindawo enobushushu obusezantsiImele ukuba ibe phantsi kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo nangona inokukhula ikwisithunzi somthi, inesakhono sokukhula kwiindawo eziphazanyiswa ngumntu (kulapho ke umba wokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi nokugawulwa kweendawo zendalo ungena khona), kunye nezinye izinto.
Nangona kuyinyani ukuba esi sityalo sisebenzisa kakhulu, sizisa iingxaki ezininzi esingaziboni ngamehlo. Kwaye lixesha ngalinye zilinywa kumazwe amaninzi. Oku kuguqulela ekuphelisweni kwemimandla enehlathi okanye yehlathi apho ezinye iintlobo zihlala zikhula kwaye zihlala khona.
Oku kubangela ukunyamalala kweentlobo zemveli kunye inegalelo kumanqanaba okwanda kobushushu behlabathi. Kwaye ukuba awunawo umthombo we-latex olungileyo njengalowo ufumaneke kwesi sityalo, oku kuya kuqhubeka nokwanda.
Inkcubeko
Siphelisa eli nqaku ngenqaku obelizibuza lona kude kube ngoku. Ewe, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi kukuba ukuba Kuyenzeka ukuba ube nesi sityalo egadini yakho njengesityalo sokuhombisa.
Kule nto, kuya kufuneka ubengummandla okude kubanda kwaye ngaphezulu unendawo yokushushu kunye nenqanaba elithile lokufuma. Okulandelayo Khangela indawo apho ilanga likubetha ngqo, kodwa kunjalo, ukuthatha unonophelo lokuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu achaphazela, kuba ayinakumelana nobushushu obungaka.
Ngokubhekisele emanzini ekufuneka ubonelelwe ngawo, kuya kufuneka uyenze rhoqo kwiintsuku ezintathu okanye ezine. Kodwa oku kuyokwahluka ngokwexesha lonyaka kwaye ubungakanani bamanzi abuzukufana nongeze ehlotyeni kunokuba uzakongeza ebusika.