I-Arugula yimifuno yonyaka yosapho lakwaBrasicaceae, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiCrucifers. Igama lesayensi lale mifuno ngu U-Eruca vesicaria Cavanilles, kodwa yaziwa ngokuba yi-eruga, isibungu, i-arugula, irokethi okanye i-jamarguillo. Ngaphandle kokuzalwa kwintshona yeAsia nakwintshona yeYurophu, Esi sityalo siye saziwa kwihlabathi lonke ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwazo okuninzi kwezokupheka. Ke ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba abantu abaninzi nangakumbi banomdla wokutyala iarugula.
Ukuba ungomnye wabo, ukwindawo elungileyo. Apha sichaza ixesha lokutyala iarugula, indlela yokwenza kunye nezinto ezininzi ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhulisa le mifuno.
Utyalwa nini iarugula?
Ukuhlwayela i-arugula kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ungayenza nini, nokuba kusentsimini okanye kwiigadi zasezidolophini okanye egadini. Singakuqala ukuhlwayela kwakho entwasahlobo, ehlotyeni okanye ekwindla. Nangona kunjalo, elona xesha lilungileyo liyintwasahlobo njengoko esi sityalo sifuna ilanga elininzi ngokukhula kwabo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukubeka isityalo sethu kwindawo enelanga. Kodwa lumka, kuba ilanga elininzi kakhulu liphela livelisa incasa ekrakra kakhulu kumagqabi e-arugula.
Kukwabalulekile ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo imozulu yendawo. Eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yimozulu eshushu kodwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphakathi. Oku kuqhelekile kwindawo yeMeditera. Obona bushushu buphantsi obunokumelana nale mifuno ziidigri ezilishumi ezantsi kweqanda. Kwimeko apho iqondo lobushushu liyehla ngakumbi, i-arugula ayisayi kuba nakho ukukhula. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokukhula kwe-arugula buphakathi kwe-15ºC kunye ne-25ºC. Ngokubhekisele kuhlobo lomhlaba, esi sityalo sinokuqhelana naye nakubani na. Nangona kunjalo, ikhetha ukugqobhoza, ukubala, ukufunxa kakuhle kunye nobutyebi bezinto eziphilayo.
Ihlwayelwa njani imbewu yearugula?
Nje ukuba sicacelwe malunga nokuba nini kunye nendawo yokutyala iarugula, lixesha lokuba sazi ukuba ungayenza njani. Ngenxa yoku siya kufuna imbewu. Ezi zithengiswa kwiimvulophu kwiivenkile ezikhethekileyo okanye kwiivenkile zesebe le-DIY kunye negadi. Eyona ndlela yokutyala le mifuno kukubetha ngeembewu ezimbini okanye ezintathu kwisithuba ngasinye. Kuya kufuneka bangcwatywe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kubunzulu beesentimitha enye. Umgama ekufuneka ubephakathi kwesityalo ngasinye ziisentimitha ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-20 ngelixesha kucetyiswayo phakathi kwemiqolo umgama omalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30.
Ngokuphathelele ukuhluma, oku kuya kwenzeka emva kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14. Ngalo lonke elixesha kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba i-substrate ifumile kwaye ichumile. Ngaphezulu, ubushushu bomhlaba kufuneka bugcinwe ngaphezulu kwe 15ºC. Nje ukuba bahlume, kuya kufuneka ususe amayeza anokubonakala ejikeleze iarugula ukuze angazisusi izondlo. Unkcenkceshelo kufuneka lube rhoqo kwaye umbhalisi makaqhubeke rhoqo kwiintsuku ezili-15.
Ngokubhekisele kwisichumisi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ilungelelaniswe nezinto ezincinci ngokomthamo ocetyiswe ngumenzi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqanda isichumiso esityebe kakhulu kwi nitrogen. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba i-nitrogen iyakuthanda ukukhula kwefoliar yesityalo, ukugqitha kunokuphazamisa ukungabi namandla kwe-arugula kwaye ke oko kubangele ukuvela kwezifo ezithile.
Ukuhlwayela iarugula ezimbizeni
Kwimeko apho sifuna ukuhlwayela i-arugula ngendlela eyenziweyo, singayenza kubatyali kwizitiya zasezidolophini okanye ezimbizeni. Ke sinokuba nazo kwi-terrace yethu okanye kwi-balcony. Nangona ixesha lokuhlwayela lisafana kule meko, kukho izinto ezithile ekufuneka sizithathele ingqalelo. Izikhongozeli esiza kubeka kuzo imifuno Kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo enelanga kodwa kwangaxeshanye zikhuselwe kwimimoya enamandla. Ingabonakala ilula, kodwa khumbula ukuba, ngokubanzi, izakhiwo zichanabeke ngakumbi emoyeni.
Kuba inkqubo yeengcambu zearugula ayinzulu kakhulu, iimbiza akufuneki zide kakhulu. Ngokubhekisele kwi-substrate, Kuyacetyiswa ukuxubana kokutyalwa kunye ne 20% yomhlaba wasentsimini kunye ne 10% yomhlaba odongwe.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze ikhule iarugula?
Xa sithetha malunga nexesha lokulima sibhekisa kwixesha eliquka ukusuka kwimifuno rhoqo kude kufike isivuno sayo. Kwimeko ye-arugula, ukuba siphelelwa lixesha ukuya esiphelweni idla ngokuba ziinyanga ezine xa zizonke. Ukuvunwa kwesi sityalo kwenziwa ngesandla ngokudlula okuninzi ngexesha lokulima, ngokweemfuno esinazo.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Ukuba yonke into yenziwe kakuhle, oko kukuthi, ukuba ukuxinana kwesityalo kunye nesichumiso kunye nokunkcenkceshela kuchanekile, zimbalwa kakhulu izinambuzane nezifo ezinokuvela kwi-arugula. Kungenxa yokuba sisityalo esirhabaxa kwaye ukulinywa kwaso kunexesha elifutshane kakhulu, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izifo kunye nezinambuzane, nokuba zimbalwa. Esinye sezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo sibizwa ngokuba zintwala, kwaye phakathi kwezifo zixhaphakileyo ngumngundo kunye nomhlwa.
Iingcebiso kunye ne-trivia
Okokugqibela siza kuphawula kwezinye izinto ezinomdla kunye neengcebiso malunga nokulinywa kwale mifuno. Nangona sele siyazi indlela yokutyala iarugula, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge olu luhlu:
- Iintyatyambo zeArugula zinokongezwa kwiisaladi.
- Nje ukuba isityalo sivelise iintyatyambo, amagqabi athanda ukuba nencasa ekrakra ngakumbi.
- Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukukhula iarugula ngetheniphu, iikhaphetshu, iiradishi, okanye ezinye izityalo zosapho olunye. Oku kuyacetyiswa ukuthintela ukudibana okanye ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo ezikwintsimi enye. Kungenzeka ukuba iingxaki ezithile zivele ngokungangqalanga zinxulumene nezinambuzane nezifo.
- Endaweni yoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhule iarugula ecaleni kwee-eggplants, iitumato, ipepile yentsimbi, okanye iletisi.
Ngoku ukuba siyayazi indlela yokuhlwayela i-arugula, sinokuhla siye kusebenza. Ukulinywa kunye nokugcinwa kwale mifuno kulula kakhulu, ke akufuneki sibe neengxaki ezininzi ukuba siyayenza. Ungasishiya namava akho kwizimvo.