Wakhe weva nge Sphagnum? Ngaba uyazi ukuba olu luhlobo lweentlobo ze-moss? Esi sityalo sesinye sezona zixatyiswayo, kodwa sikwenye yezona zingaziwayo, kwaye kungenxa yokuba asihlali sinikela ingqalelo enkulu kubulembu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ibambe umdla wakho kwaye ufuna ukwazi yintoni yena Sphagnum, isetyenziselwa ntoni, zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo kwaye zeziphi izinto ezikhathalayo, emva koko siza kutyhila yonke into kuwe.
Yintoni i Sphagnum
El Sphagnum, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-sphagnum, luhlobo lobulembu olubandakanya phakathi kwe-150 kunye ne-350 yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-peat mosses kwaye ewe, njengoko igama lisitsho, ziyasebenza njenge peat. Kungenxa yokuba olu hlobo luyakwazi ukugcina amanzi kwiiseli zalo, ngaloo ndlela londla izityalo ezikufutshane nazo. Ukugcinwa kukhulu kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kuyakwazi ukugcina ngaphezulu kwamaxesha angama-20 ubunzima obomileyo emanzini.
Ngokwasemzimbeni, Sphagnum Yenziwe nge-taproot kunye namasebe amabini okanye amathathu asasazayo, kunye ne-2-4 pendants. Ngaphezulu kwesityalo unamasebe athile ecaleni. Kungenxa yengcambu apho isityalo sineentlobo ezimbini zeeseli, ezinye ziphila (iiseli zeklorophyll), ziluhlaza ngombala; kunye nezinye ezifileyo (iiseli ze-hyaline), ziyabonakala. Zizo ezinoxanduva lokugcina amanzi, kodwa kunye nokugcina isityalo sisempilweni naxa kukho imbalela.
Ikho ikakhulu kuMntla weIkhweyitha wehlabathi, kwiindawo ezinomswakama nalapho inokusasazeka ngokulula. Kwi-Southern Hemisphere ikwanayo nobukho, kodwa inyani kukuba bambalwa kakhulu ohlobo lwendawo.
Sphagnum ngokuthelekiswa nobunye ubundlobongela
Kukho amaxesha apho ubulembu bufana kakhulu, kodwa oku akunjalo nge Sphagnum, enezinye Umahluko ocacileyo ovela kwezinye iintlobo ze-moss, njengoko zinjalo:
- Ukuba amasebe aqokelelwe kwi-fascicles ukusuka kwiziqu.
- Ukuba ineentlobo ezimbini zeeseli, ezinye ziluhlaza ezinye zibala.
- I-sporophytes yazo engqukuva yahlukile. Kwelinye icala, abanangxaki; kwelinye, zixhaswa lulwakhiwo lwezicubu ze-gametophytic.
Yintoni i Sphagnum
Ngoku uyazi okungakumbi malunga SphagnumLixesha lokuba uyazi ukuba zeziphi izinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo ezinikwa olu hlobo lobulembu. Kwaye ayiloncedo kuphela kwinqanaba lokuhombisa, kodwa nayo inezinye izinto ezinje:
- Nceda ukuxhasa isityalo. Ukuba icompact, kunokwenzeka ukuba isityalo sibanjelwe ukubulela koku ukuze singashukumi kwaye similiselwe emhlabeni apho ubusityale khona.
- Ukucoca amanzi kwisityalo. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokugcina amanzi kwiiseli zayo, ezivumela ukuba, xa bezifuna, babe namanzi.
- Ukunyuka kokufuma, kukwahambelana noku kungasentla, ngenxa yokufumba kwamanzi.
- Yandisa amandla ophuhliso lwesityalo. Kungenxa yokuba Sphagnum ayinawo ubunzima emhlabeni, ngokuchaseneyo, ivumela ukuba ibe neoksijini, ekhuthaza iingcambu ukuba zikhule kwaye zisasaze ngokulula kuwo wonke umhlaba, kuba zineoksijini enkulu ngaphandle kokubola.
- Enkosi kwi-pH yazo, zizityalo ezithintela ukhula ekubeni lukhule ngeenxa zonke kubo. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba zikhula kumhlaba one-pH phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-4,5.
- Ilungele izityalo ezidla inyama, kuba iyazinceda ukuba zikhule kwaye zikhule. Oku kuyinxalenye yokuba ayinazondlo, ke izityalo kufuneka zikhule ngokukhawuleza ukuze zifumane ukutya okufunekayo ukuze zizondle. Ikwasetyenziswa nakwezinye izityalo ezinje ngegadi ezimileyo, iiorchid, ikokamasama, njl.
- KwiArctic, i Sphagnum Isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokugquma, ngenxa yeepropathi zayo. Ukongeza, kwii-nursery ngokwazo isetyenziswa njenge-substrate, ukuze izityalo zisempilweni kwaye zingonakalisi ngexesha zihlala apho.
Iintlobo ze Sphagnum
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, i Sphagnum Iquka phakathi kwe-150 kunye ne-350 yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwazo luseMantla eIkhweyitha, kwaye inyani kukuba kuncinci kakhulu okwaziwayo ngabo. Ezona ziqhelekileyo nezaziwayo zezi zilandelayo:
I-Sphagnum affine
Yeyona ixhaphakileyo kuba Ijika ibe yipeat, ke ithengiswa kakhulu.
Yahlukile kwezinye iindidi kuba umbala wayo awuqhelekanga oluhlaza oqhelekileyo, kodwa ufumana umbala omthubi.
Sphagnum i-magellanicum
Kuhlala ku IArgentina, iPeru kunye neChile.
Sphagnum novo-caledoniae
Ekuqaleni ivela eNew Caledonia, inokufumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezintathu: amahlathi eTao, i-Dogny Plateau, kunye neNtaba iPanie.
Ikhula kwinto yonke ematyeni emisinga, malunga 730-1200 yeemitha ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle.
Sphagnum uyathobela
Ihleli phezu kwindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo, kodwa nakwiindawo ezibandayo. Ikho e-Antarctica, eMntla Melika, e-Asiya, eYurophu naseNew Zealand.
Ngokuphathelele indawo yayo yendalo, oku kwimihlaba emanzi, emigodini nasemigxobhozweni.
Unonophelo
Emva kwayo yonke into oyibonileyo, ngaba unomdla wokuhlakulela Sphagnum? Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba loluphi unonophelo olusisiseko olufunayo? Emva koko jonga kwesi sikhokelo silungiselele wena:
Kwi-Orientación
Kubalulekile ukuba ubulembu Sphagnum uyibeka kwi indawo enesithunzi, kuba ukuba ibetha ngqo kwilanga iyakwazi ukutshisa i-moss, kwaye ngobuhle ayizukujongeka intle nangayiphi na indlela.
Iluminación
Ifuna ukukhanya okuninzi, kodwa oku akunakuba ngqo, kodwa kungangqalanga.
Ukufuma
Kubalulekile ukuba ubonelele nge ukufuma rhoqo kwaye phezulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Le moss iyakunyamezela ukuntywiliselwa ngokuqhubekayo emanzini, ngakumbi kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, kulapho inokuthi ihlupheke kakhulu ngenxa yendawo eyomileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwindawo yokutshisa imicu).
Isibonakaliso sokuba uwele ngaphezulu kwamanzi kuxa ubona ukuba ubulembu bujika umbala oluhlaza omnyama. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, iingcambu ziqala ukubola, kwaye kulapho kuya kufuneka uthathe inyathelo, nokuba uyitshintshele kwenye imbiza okanye uyeke ukunkcenkceshela ngokupheleleyo ukuze iphinde ichache.
Su Umjikelo wendalo ususela kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweli-10 yobomiOko kukuthi, ayisosityalo oza kuba naso ngonaphakade kodwa uya kusigcina ixesha elifutshane.
Ngaba unobuganga bokuba Sphagnum endlwini yakho?