IAlder (Alnus)

Ngegama ialder Malunga neentlobo ezingamashumi amathathu zemithi kunye namatyholo ziyaziwa ukuba zilinywa phantse kuzo zonke iingingqi ezinobushushu behlabathi. Kwaye kukwazi ukumelana neqabaka, kwaye ube mhle ekwindla ngaphambi kokuwisa amagqabi, zizityalo ezinomdla kakhulu.

Ngaba siyabazi? Ukuba ungathanda ukuba nayo egadini yakho, awunakuyeka ukufunda reading.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Alder inokuba ngumthi onqabileyo okanye umthi ohlala kwimimandla enobushushu behlabathi, ikakhulu iYurophu neMelika. Amagqabi ayo ane-ovate, enemiphetho eneserver okanye eneserver, eluhlaza ngombala ngaphandle kwekwindla xa iba mthubi ngaphambi kokuwa. Iintyatyambo zii-catkins: eyasetyhini imfutshane, kwaye eyindoda iphakamile, zombini zifumaneka kwisityalo esinye.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zezi:

• UAlnus cordata: eyaziwa ngokuba yiNeapolitan alder, ngumthi wemveli kumazantsi e-Italiya ofikelela phakathi kwe-17 kunye ne-25cm ukuphakama.
• UAlnus glutinosa: yi-alder eqhelekileyo okanye i-alder emnyama. Ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yialder okanye alno. Ikhula ukuya kubude obuphakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-30 yeemitha, kwaye iyinzalelwane yaseYurophu nakuMzantsi-ntshona weAsia.
• UAlnus incana: ibizwa ngokuba yi-grey alder okanye i-alder engwevu. Ikhula kwimimandla ebanda kakhulu ye-hemisphere esemantla, ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-15-20 ukuphakama.

Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?

Ukuba ufuna ikopi ka-Alnus, sicebisa ukuba uyikhathalele ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ubicación

Mayibe ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo. Yibeke kumgama omncinci we-7-8 yeemitha ukusuka kwimibhobho nakwabanye kuba iingcambu zayo zinokuhlasela.

Umhlaba

• Jadini: Ikhula kumhlaba onzulu, opholileyo, kunye ne-asidi encinci. Ayinyamezeli ilitye lekalika.
• Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Ayisosityalo ekufanele sigcinwe kwisitya ixesha elide, kodwa ngexa sisencinci akusayi kubakho ngxaki ininzi. Sebenzisa i-substrate yesityalo esineasidi (enje nge enye).

Unkcenkceshelo

Ialder sisityalo esihlala kufutshane neendlela zamanzi. Ngapha koko, uya kuhlala uyifumana kwiindonga zemilambo nakwiisayithi ezifanayo, ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unkcenkceshele rhoqo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba unengca, tyala kuyo ukuba ungayibeka kumgama okungenani we-7-8m kwimibhobho nakwabanye. Kwimeko apho ungenayo, ungakhathazeki: kuya kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele rhoqo: yonke imihla ngexesha elifudumeleyo lonyaka, kwaye rhoqo ngeentsuku ezi-2-3 kulo lonke unyaka.

Ukuba uza kuyikhulisa embizeni okwexeshana, beka isitya phantsi kwayo ukuba uyafuna uyigcwalise ngalo lonke ixesha ubona ukuba iyaphelelwa ngamanzi. Sebenzisa amanzi emvula okanye ikalika. Ukuba unokunkcenkceshela kuphela ngempompo kwaye ichalki, cola ulwelo lwesiqingatha selamuni kwi-1l yolwelo oluxabisekileyo, okanye icephe leviniga kwi-5l / emanzini.

Umbhalisi

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo (okanye kude kube kokwindla ukuba uhlala kwindawo enemozulu efudumeleyo apho iiqabaka zifike kade okanye zingabalulekanga kangako) kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyihlawule kube kanye ngenyanga ngezichumiso zendalo. Apha unoluhlu lwezo kucetyiswa ukuba uzisebenzise.

Ukuphindaphinda

Iphindaphindeka ngembewu ekwindla okanye entwasahlobo, nangemithi esikiweyo enentwasahlobo. Masibone ukuba ungaqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye:

Imbewu

Inyathelo nenyathelo lokulandela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Inyathelo lokuqala kukugcwalisa itreyi yesithombo sehlathi okanye imbiza nge-substrate yesityalo esine-asidi, kunye namanzi kakuhle.
2. Ke imbewu ihlwayelwe, iqinisekisa ukuba yahlulwe kancinane enye kwenye. Into efanelekileyo ayikokubeka ngaphezulu kwe-2 kwisokethi nganye okanye embizeni, kuba kungenjalo ukuba zonke ziyahluma kunganzima kakhulu ukwahlula ngempumelelo.
3. Emva koko zigutyungelwe ngumaleko omncinci we-substrate.
4. Okokugqibela, tshiza ubhedu okanye isalfure, unkcenkceshele ngesitshizi, ubeke ibhedi yembewu ngaphandle.

Ke, ziya kuhluma kwiinyanga ezi-1-2.

Iinqunqa ezinemiqobo

Ukuphindaphinda i-alder ngokusika, kufuneka usike isiqwenga sesebe elithambileyo elithambileyo malunga ne-40cm ubude, ukumithisa isiseko kunye nezinto ezenziweyo ezenziwe nge-rooting okanye iihomoni zokuxhasa, kwaye uyityale embizeni kunye ne-substrate ekhulayo yezityalo ezineasidi.

Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, kuya kuba yingcambu emva kwenyanga enye.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo, kodwa ngokubanzi ixhathisa ingqele kunye neqabaka ukuya -14ºC. Ayinakuhlala kwimozulu eshushu neyobushushu.

Isebenzisa ntoni?

Umhlobiso

Alder Sisityalo sokuhombisa kwaye kulula ukusinyamekela. Isetyenziswa njengeefreyimu zescreen, ii-windbreaks, iisampuli ezizodwa okanye ezityalwe ngokwamaqela ... Ijongeka intle naphina.

Unyango

• Amagqabi:
  • Isandula ukukhethwa: ziyacaba kwaye zibekwe phantsi kweenyawo kunye neekawusi. Inceda ukunciphisa iintlungu kwaye uyeke ukubila kubo.
  • I-Shredded: kwi-poultice, zisebenza ukukhawulezisa ukuphilisa amanxeba, kunye nokuxhokonxa i-retina yobisi kubafazi abakhulelweyo.
• ICortex: xa sele uphekiwe, ulwelo olusetyenzisiweyo lusetyenziselwa ukujija oluya kunceda ekuqiniseni iintsini, ukuphilisa umqala obuhlungu kunye nomqala obuhlungu.

Olunye usetyenziso

Isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwephepha, iibhokisi, iplywood, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo okanye iipaneli.

Ucinga ntoni ngealder?