Los icactus enkulu Zizityalo ezitsala ingqalelo yazo kubukhulu bazo nakwiintyatyambo eziza kuvelisa ezininzi. Kwaye loo nto ayithethi ukuba iimeko ezifumaneka kuzo azikho lula ukuba ziphila, ezizezi: amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kumanqaku aliqela aphezulu kune-40ºC, umhlaba onezakhamzimba ezimbalwa kakhulu, iimvula ezirekhodwa iiveki ezimbalwa ngonyaka. umva ...
Kodwa inyani kukuba, emva kweminyaka engama-30 okanye engama-40 ezigidi yendaleko, bakwazile ukuziqhelanisa kakuhle. Ndiyabulela kule nto, namhlanje abantu singazonwabela kwigadi zethu, okoko nje sibabonelela ngononophelo oluyimfuneko. Ezi zezona cacti zithandwa kakhulu ozifumana kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo nakwiivenkile zegadi.
Ukukhethwa kwecacti enkulu
IiCacti ezinkulu ziyamangalisa. Izinga lokukhula kwabo lihlala lihamba kancinci, kodwa ayinamsebenzi: bayayihombisa igadi besebancinci kakhulu, ke ukuba ufuna ukuba nayo kodwa ungazi ukuba yeyiphi, jonga:
ICarnegiea gigantea
Umfanekiso-Wikimedia / Burley Packwood
Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-saguaro okanye i-saguario, yeyona ndawo ithandwa kakhulu. Yeyona cactus eqhelekileyo ibonakala kwiifoto ezithathiwe kwimimandla eyintlango yaseMelika, ngakumbi uSonora. Inekholamu ethweleyo, encinci okanye ayikho isebe, ineziqu ezilingana ukuya kuma-65cm ubukhulu kwaye ngaphezu kweemitha ezili-12 ukuphakama. (Kufunyenwe iisampulu ezingama-23,8m). Ineembambo ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24, apho izihluma ezishushu ezi-12 zihluma kwaye phakathi kwesi-3 nesi-6 sentsika esembindini ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7cm ubude. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe, zizi-12cm ububanzi.
Ukulima sisityalo esinomdla, esikwaziyo ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kwi -9ºC ukuba isampulu indala, nangona eyona nto ingalunganga ingehli ngaphantsi kweedigri eziyi-0. Ukongeza, iziqhamo zayo ziyatyiwa. Kodwa icotha kakhulu: kuthatha iminyaka engama-30 ukufikelela kwimitha enye ukuphakama.
Cephalocereus senilis
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / UFrank Vincentz
Iyaziwa njengentloko yendoda endala okanye indoda endala ye-cactus, kwaye yikholam yecactus ngaphandle kokungqinisisa ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-15 ukuphakama. Inemiqolo embalwa, malunga ne-2-4cm ubude. Nangona eyona nto inomtsalane kukubonakala kwayo koboya, uboya bazo obukunceda ukuba ingatshiswa lilanga. Iintyatyambo zibomvu, tyheli okanye zimhlophe, kwaye zihluma kuphela xa icactus ingaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi kwaye inobude obuphakathi kwe-2m.
Ifuna umhlaba onomjelo ophuma emanzini ococekileyo, unkcenkceshela kakhulu kwaye ube kwindawo enemozulu eshushu okanye eshushu.
I-Echinopsis terschekki
Umfanekiso -Wikimedia / Antoine Taveneaux
Eyayisaziwa njenge UTrichocereus pasacana, Kule mihla ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi 'pasacana'. Luhlobo olune-arborescent bearing, olune-branched, leyo ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-12 ukuphakama. Iziqu ziyi-10 ukuya kwi-20cm ubukhulu, kwaye zineembambo ezimalunga nesibhozo ukuya kwishumi elinesine. Iintsiba zi-8 ukuya kwi-14cm ubude, kwaye zi-2 ukuya kwi-8 zeradiyali kunye ne-8 embindini. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe, ziyi-15 ukuya kuma-1cm.
Ukulima kulula: ifuna kuphela ilanga elithe ngqo, umhlaba ococekileyo, kunye nokunkcenkceshela kancinci. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokubanda kunye neqabaka ukuya kwi -3ºC ukuba zigcina ixesha kwaye zifutshane.
IPachycereus pringlei
Iyaziwa njengekhadiyon, kwaye ikholam yecactus enesiqu esiqhelekileyo zikhula zibe malunga ne-19 leemitha ubude. Umboko ufikelela kwimitha e-1 ubukhulu. Inobambo oluphakathi kwe-10 ne-16, kunye nama-20 spines phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-3 cm ubude, ngaphandle kwe-1 ukuya kwi-3, ezinde. Iintyatyambo zi-5 ukuya kwi-8,5cm ubude nomhlophe.
Ngembonakalo ifana ncam ne-saguaro, kodwa iyakhawuleza (ikhula ngenqanaba elimalunga nee-intshi ezine ngonyaka), kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka ezibuthathaka zisencinci, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ingawi ngezantsi kwe-0 degrees.
IPilosocereus pachycladus (ngaphambili Pilosocereus azureus)
Kuzo zonke iintlobo zohlobo, i IPilosocereus pachycladus yenye yezimbalwa ezilinywa rhoqo. Isizathu sombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka weziqu zayo, ezithi zikhula zime nkqo kwindawo emi nkqo kwaye ziphakathi kwe-5,5 kunye ne-11cm ukutyeba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 yeemitha ukuphakama. Zineembambo ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-19, kunye nee-areoles ezivela apho kuvela khona u-1 ukuya kwi-12 spines ephakathi ukuya kwi-1mm ubude, naphakathi kwe-30 ne-8 ye-radial spines 18 ukuya kwi-5mm ubude. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe kwaye ziyi-15 ukuya kwi-4cm ubude nge-7 ukuya kwi-2cm ububanzi.
Inochuku kwiqabaka, nangona ngamava ndiza kukuxelela ukuba iyamelana neqabaka ebuthathaka (ukuya kuthi ga ku -2ºC) ukuba umhlaba womile.
Stenocereus thurberi
Inokuba yenye yeecacti ezingaziwayo kolu luhlu, kodwa ndikholelwe ukuba ndithe kuwe yenye yezona zilula ukuzinyamekela. Yi-shrub efikelela kwiimitha ezisi-8 ukuphakama, inamasebe amakhulu, ineziqu ezineembambo ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-19. Ine-1 ukuya kwi-3 spines ephakathi ephakathi kwe-2 ukuya kwi-5 cm ubude, kunye ne-7 ukuya kwi-9 ye-radial spines ye-1 cm. Iintyatyambo zimhlophe okanye zimhlophe ngombala, malunga ne-10cm ubukhulu.
Ikhula malunga ne-5 ukuya kwi-10cm ubude ngonyaka ukuba ityalwe emhlabeni, iyamelana neqabaka ezibuthathaka ukuya kuthi ga -4ºC kwaye, kwimeko yezikhukula ngamanye amaxesha (ezinjezo zibangelwa zizantyalantyala zemvula kwingingqi yeMeditera ngexesha lekwindla) ayonakalisi.
Luthini ukhathalelo lwecacti enkulu?
Ngoku sele sibonile eyona cacti inkulu ithandwayo, lixesha lokuba sazihoya, akunjalo? Masiye apho:
Ubicación
Zizityalo ezo Kufuneka babekwindawo eqaqambe kakhulu, kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuba kunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kokuba sihlala kwindawo apho ubusika bubanda kakhulu, eyona nto ibinokuba kukuba ngaphandle, kungenjalo kuyakufuneka ukubakhusela kwigreenhouse okanye ngaphakathi.
Umhlaba
- Jadini: Ndinyanzelisa, umhlaba onedreyina efanelekileyo. Ezi cacti zibuthathaka kakhulu kumanzi agqithisileyo, kwaye nangona kukho iintlobo ezithile ezinokunyamezela izikhukula ngamanye amaxesha (ezenzeka kube kanye ngonyaka okanye ngaphantsi), akufuneki uthathe umngcipheko.
Ngokubhekisele kwi-pH, bayakhula ngokungathathi hlangothi okanye ialkaline kancinci. - Imbiza yeentyatyamboNdicebisa ukuba ndizityale kwipompo (iyathengiswa apha), okanye enye kumxube we-substrate jikelele (uyathengiswa apha) kunye ne-perlite (iyathengiswa apha) ngokulinganayo.
Unkcenkceshelo
Umfanekiso - Wikimedia / Amante Darmanin waseMalta // IPachycereus weberi
Inqabile. Kuya kufuneka uyeke umhlaba womile phakathi kokunkcenkceshela. Ukuba unayo embizeni, musa ukubeka isitya phantsi kwayo.
Umbhalisi
Ngexesha lentwasahlobo nehlobo Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubhatale ngesichumisi se-cacti (iyathengiswa aphaukulandela izikhombisi ezichazwe kwiphakheji.
Ukuphindaphinda
Icacti enkulu iphindaphindeka kakhulu ngembewu, kwaye ezinye zisikwa ngentwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni. Masazi ukuba ungayenza njani:
Imbewu
Imbewu kufuneka ihlwayelwe kwiibhedi zembewu (iimbiza, iitreyi zezithole, ...) kunye nomhlaba wonke oxutywe ne-perlite kwiindawo ezilinganayo, kwaye ubangcwaba ngomaleko omncinci womhlaba okanye isanti yomlambo ehlanjwe ngaphambili. Ibhedi yeembewu ibekwa kufutshane nomthombo wobushushu, emthunzini, kwaye igcinwe ifumile kodwa ingafumani manzi.
Ngale ndlela ziya kuhluma malunga neentsuku ezili-10.
Ukusika
Kunzima ngakumbi, nangona kungenakwenzeka. Sika isiqu osibonayo sisempilweni, sikhula ngamandla, yeka isilonda somile kwisithunzi kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10, emva koko usityale embizeni ngepompu.. Yibeke kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, ekhuselweyo elangeni, kwaye ugcine i-substrate ifumile kancinci.
Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, iya kukhupha iingcambu zayo ngeentsuku ezingama-20. Unokumnceda ngokunkcenkceshela ngamanye amaxesha ngehomoni eyingcambu yolwelo (kwintengiso apha).
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Zinovakalelo lokuhlaselwa ngu mealybugs, ekufuneka ilawulwe ngeyeza lokubulala izinambuzane eline-mealybug, okanye ngeemveliso zendalo ezinje nge-diatomaceous earth. Ngokunjalo, umngcipheko kufuneka ulawulwe kakhulu, kungenjalo isikhunta singabenzakalisa, kwimeko apho kufanele ukuba baphathwe ngayo fungicides.
Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha
En primavera, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo, kodwa ngokubanzi abaxhasi iqabaka eyomeleleyo.
Yonwabela ikacti yakho enkulu.