Iibhanana okanye iibhanana sesinye seziqhamo ezaziwayo nezithandwa kakhulu, kodwa abantu abaninzi abade babuze nokuba bafumaneka kwesiphi isityalo. Imithi yebhanana okanye iibhanana zizityalo ezingapheliyo zoluhlobo Musa. Ekuboneni kokuqala kulula ukubadida nemithi yesundu, kodwa abananto yakwenza nayo, kuba imithi yebhanana ayinaso isiqu. Into ebonakala ngathi sisiqu ngenene yi-pseudostem eyenziwe ngeengxowa zamagqabi ezixineneyo. Benza kuphela isiqu somoya xa bedubula. Banesiqu sokwenyani phantsi komhlaba kwaye yile nto yaziwa ngokuba yirhizome, ethi inyuke iye ngaphandle kuphela kwiimodeli ezindala kakhulu.
Nditsho naphakathi kwabo bazaziyo ezi zityalo kukho inkolelo yokuba zizityalo zetropiki ngokungqongqo, kwaye ayiyonyani leyo. Apho kukhutshwe khona iziqhamo ezithengiswa kwii-greengrocers, zikwitropiki, kodwa zininzi ezinye iintlobo ezinganyangekiyo kubanda. Owona mthi webhanana ungabandi kakhulu, muse basjoo, ukumelana namaqondo obushushu kufutshane no -20ºC. Apha ngezantsi uyakubona ezona ntlobo zibalulekileyo nezimangalisayo esizikhethileyo kuhlobo ngalunye kwezi zimbini zebhanana: ukumelana neetropiki kunye nokubanda.
Imithi yebhanana yetropiki
Le mithi yebhanana ngokubanzi ayiyinyamezeli kakuhle ingqele kwaye iziqhamo zayo zihlala zithatha ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sonyaka ukukhula, ngenxa yoko azinakufumaneka kwimozulu eneqabaka. Bakhetha amaqondo obushushu ashushu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu. Bafuna amanzi amaninzi kunye nomhlaba ochumileyo onomsele olungileyo. Bakhetha ukuba selangeni elipheleleyo kodwa banyamezele umthunzi othile (ukufuma okungaphantsi, umthunzi ngakumbi abayifunayo). Yonke imithi yebhanana ekhuliswa kumgangatho omkhulu weziqhamo iwela kolu luhlu.
Musa paradisiaca
Ayilulo uhlobo ngokwalo kodwa iseti yemixube kunye neembewu de Imilomo ebukhali y Imyuziyam yaseBalbisian. Ihlala ibizwa ngale ndlela kuyo yonke imithi emikhulu yeebhanana ethwala iziqhamo ezityiwayo, imithi yebhanana ethengiswayo. Emva koko siza kubona ezinye izityalo ezifakwe kweli gama.
Imilomo ebukhali
Omnye wabazali be Musa paradisiaca. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-banana yaseMalaysia okanye ibanana ebomvu, ukusukela oko iibhanana zabo zinombala obomvu. Inommandla omkhulu wokusasazwa kuba uhlala kuMazantsi mpuma eAsia, njengoninzi lweentlobo zohlobo. kunye nenxalenye yeziqithi ze-Oceania ezikufuphi neAsia. Ngokwesiqhelo iziqhamo zeesampulu zasendle azidliwanga kwaye zigcwele imbewu emnyama. Ubungakanani bayo buyahluka kakhulu, ukusuka ngaphezulu kwe-7m ukuphakama ukuya ngaphantsi kweemitha ezimbalwa. Izityalo zasendle zihlala ziluhlaza ngokupheleleyo, zinomaleko we-wax obanika umbala omluhlaza kancinci.
Imilomo ebukhali 'ebomvu dacca'
Umlimi (iseti eyiyo yokulima) UMoses acuminata uhombiso ngeziqhamo ezibomvu ngokupheleleyo kunye ne-pseudostem. Iibhanana zazo ziyatyiwa, zingcamla kakuhle kwaye azihlumi mbewu, kodwa akuqhelekanga ukuyibona emasimini. KuMbindi Merika kuqhelekile ukufumana ezi bhanana ziyathengiswa, kodwa eSpain ukuba ufuna ukuzizama, kuya kufuneka uthenge isityalo kwaye ulinde ukuba sithwale isiqhamo. Iyathanda ukuba nkulu ngokuphakathi (ngaphezulu kwe-5m ubude) nokukhula okukhawulezayo, yiyo ke loo nto inokukhuliswa kwiindawo ezinesithwathwa njenge sityalo sonyaka, sisebenzisa indawo yaso yetropiki ngehlobo.
UMusa acuminata 'cavendish'
Enye iseti yemihlanganisela. Uhlobo lweCavendish-banana banana lolona lubalulekileyo kurhwebo, luvelisa ngaphezulu kwe-90% yemveliso yebhanana namhlanje.. Zizityalo eziphakathi kwaye zivelisa iziqhamo ezingatyheli ezingenambewu. Isiqhamo asinencasa kangako kunesinye isivuno, kodwa ngenxa yomelela kwesityalo kunye nobungakanani beebanana ezisivelisayo, sesona sisetyenziswa kakhulu. Imithi yebhanana yaseCanarian ilolu hlobo. Kukho isilimo esincinci, Imilomo ebukhali 'dwarf cavendish' esetyenziswa kakhulu egadini. Bahlala benombala obomvu i-pseudostem enamabala amnyama. Kwimizekelo emincinci kunye namandla amagqabi ahlala enombala obomvu nobomvu.
Imyuziyam yaseBalbisian
Omnye umzali we Musa paradisiaca. Sisityalo esikhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7m ukuphakama nangaphezulu kwe-30cm emazantsi epseudostem) sinamagqabi amade aneziqhamo eziluhlaza tyheli (kunye nembewu kwizityalo zasendle, ngaphandle kwazo kwimihlanganiselwa yentengiso). Iyayinyamezela imihlaba enzima kuneminye imithi yebhanana kunye neminye imbalela. Ibizwa ngokuba yipainain yamadoda kuba isuka apho kukhutshwa khona esi siqhamo (nangona leyo ifunyenwe kumbhalo kunye M. acuminata). Isiqhamo saso siyatyiwa nangona singenangqondo kwaye siphucula kakhulu xa sitshatiwe. Ingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha iifayibha, nangona kukho iindlela ezingcono. Ihlala eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, ukusuka eIndiya ukuya eTshayina, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2000m yokuphakama, echaza ukumelana kwayo nengqele. Kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi ingabamba ukuya kwi - 5ºC. Ifuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu ukuze ikhule, nangona inganyamezela ingqele, ifuna ihlobo elishushu. Simbeka kweli qela kuba iibhanana zakhe zivuthwa kuphela kwiindawo ezingenaziqabaka.
Iimpawu ze-Muse
Umfanekiso - Reddit
Umthi omkhulu webhanana. Sisona sityalo sikhulu kulo lonke usapho lweMusaceae, esifikelela ngaphezulu kwe-20m ukuphakama, enomjikelo kwisiseko esinokugqitha i-2m kunye namagqabi amalunga ne-5m ubude (ukubala kuphela i-blade kunye ne-petiole), enika indawo yesona sityalo sikhulu se-acaule (khumbula ukuba i-pseudostem ayisosisiqobo sokwenene, izikhwama). Iibhanana zilubhelu kwaye zinobungakanani obulungileyo, kodwa azityiwa. Into ekhethekileyo yalo mthi webhanana kukuba awubunyamezeli ubushushu. Ufuna amaqondo okushisa ahlala ejikeleze i-20ºC, kunye nokufuma okufutshane kufutshane ne-100%. Ihlala emahlathini aseNew Guinea kwindawo ethile.
Imithi yebhanana enganyangekiyo ebandayo
Ezi zityalo ngokubanzi Zivela kwindawo ezinqumlayo, kodwa ziyakhula kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ukuze zikwazi ukunyamezela amaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Into ekufuneka igcinwe engqondweni kukuba nangalo naliphi na iqabaka amagqabi ayoma, kwaye ukuba kulindelwe iqabaka eyomeleleyo, ipseudostem kufuneka ikhuselwe okanye iya kubanda emhlabeni. Oku kufuneka ukwenze ukuba ufuna ukufumana isityalo esikhulu okanye usibukele siqhakaza. Ngaphandle kolu khuselo, zonke ezi ntlobo ziya kuba ngumkhenkce emhlabeni malunga ne -5ºC, kufuneka iphinde ihlume ukusuka kwirhizome, kungoko kunqabile kuwe ukufumana izityalo ngaphezulu kwe-1m ubude. Zimbalwa kakhulu izinto ezivelisa iibhanana ezityiwayo.
Ukubakhusela, kulula njengokujikeleza i-pseudostem ngomaleko olungileyo weendiza kwaye uyijikeleze nge-thermal geotextile mesh, ubeke uphahla lweplastiki kuyo. Ukuba ukubanda akulindelanga, ukubangqongelela ngamanqanaba e-thermal geotextile mesh kwanele.
Imyuziyam yaseBalbisian 'atia mnyama'
Umfanekiso - imbewu
Ukulima okuhombisa kuphela Imyuziyam yaseBalbisian kunye pseudostem emnyama. Kuyinto enganyangekiyo kubanda kuneentlobo (ihlala ihlala njalo ukuya kuthi ga -5ºC Akukho ngxaki). Iibhanana mhlawumbi ziyatyiwa, kodwa njengoko ihlala ikhuliswa kwiindawo ezinobusika obupholileyo aziqhelekanga ukubonwa. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, isityalo sokuhlobisa, ngoko nangona isiqhamo sinokutya, asiyi kuba semgangathweni. Njengeentlobo, ifuna ubushushu obuninzi ukuze ikhule, ngenxa yoko ayikhuthazwa imozulu epholileyo.
muse basjoo
Owona mthi webanana ubanda kakhulu, ethi ithiyori ingagcina iye kufikelela malunga -20ºC. Uluhlu lwendalo ngumazantsi e-China, ikakhulu iphondo leSichuan, nangona ibonakala kakhulu eJapan, apho ikhuliselwa ukukhutshwa kwefayibha (eyinika igama eliqhelekileyo, umthi webhanana waseJapan). Ukuxhathisa kwayo kubanda kongezwe kwinto yokuba ayifuni bushushu buninzi ukuze ikhule kuyenza ibe yeyona ilinywa kakhulu kwimozulu eneqabaka.. Sisityalo esiphakathi okanye esincinci, esingadluli kwi-3m ukuphakama kwaye siluhlaza ngokukhanyayo ngombala. I-pseudostem yayo ihlala ijikelezwe ziintsalela zamagqabi omileyo. Isiqhamo sawo, esiluhlaza ngombala, asityiwa. Amagqabi ayo acekeceke kwaye aneepetioles ezimfutshane.
musa sikkimensis
Iyelelene kwi muse basjoo kodwa ngomoya oshushu kakhulu. Inezilimo ezininzi ezinokungavumi ukubanda, ukusuka -5ºC ukuya -15ºC. Ezona ndidi zayo zinomdla zezi zinamagqabi abomvu ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungacacanga, anjenge 'ngwe ebomvu'. Zizityalo eziphakathi ngesiqhelo ezingadluli kwi-5m ukuphakama, nge Amagqabi abanzi ngokuthelekisa eliqela, ebanika ukubonakala kwabo kwetropiki. Ziluhlaza omnyama ngakumbi nangaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi okuphawulwe ngeethoni ebomvu. I-pseudostem yayo ihlala igqunywe ngamagqabi omileyo. Ayikhuthazwa imozulu epholileyo kuba ifuna ubushushu obuninzi ukuze ikhule. Iibhanana zihlala ziluhlaza kwaye azityiwa. Umthonyama kumntla-ntshona we-India kunye ne-Himalaya ephantsi (ukuya kuthi ga malunga ne-2000 yeemitha ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle).
Muse velutina
Umthi webhanana omncinci kakhulu kunqabile ukuba ugqithe kwiinyawo ezintlanu ubude. Ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asondele -10ºC. Inkangeleko efanayo Canna isalathiso kodwa ngamagqabi athe saa kakhulu kunye nepseudostem epinki. Iziqhamo zipinki kwaye ziyatyiwa, kodwa zincinci kakhulu (malunga nobukhulu benzwane enkulu), izele yimbewu kwaye ayinancasa ngandlel 'ithile. Luhlobo olunomdla kakhulu kuba isiqhamo sivuthwa ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ke iibhanana zingavunwa kwimozulu epholileyo zasehlotyeni, kananjalo nokubonisa kakhulu. Olunye uphawu olwahlukileyo kulo mthi webhanana kukuba uqhakaza nasemva kokuba umile emhlabeni.
musa nagensium
Umthi webhanana osandula ukufunyanwa obekade elinywa ixesha elincinci kakhulu. Phakathi ukuya kubukhulu obukhulu, inokufikelela kwi-10m ukuphakama, nge pseudostem entle kakhulu. Kubonakala ngathi inzima kakhulu muse basjoo, kodwa ayikaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo. Into eyaziwayo kukuba uyachacha engqeleni ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kunokuba musa sikkimensis. Ihlala emahlathini ukusuka kwimpuma yeHimalaya ukuya entshona Yunnan (China). Zine-pseudostem yombala omnyama, ukusuka kobomvu ukuya kumfusa, phantse umnyama. Zogqunywe ngokupheleleyo ngumthwebeba omhlophe, owongeze kwi-pseudostem emnyama ubanika imbonakalo eqaqambileyo. Amagqabi made kakhulu, ancanyathiselwe kwi-pseudostem yi-petiole entle kakhulu. Iibhanana zazo azityiwa kwaye zihlala ziluhlaza ngonaphakade, kodwa ukutyabeka kwe-wax kuzenza zibonakale ziluhlaza.
Muse 'uHelen's hybrid'
Umfanekiso - izityalo ezizonwabisa
Ayisixhathisi kakhulu kubanda (ukuya kuthi ga malunga -5ºC, i-pseudostem phantsi ukuya -3ºC), kodwa kufanelekile ukuba ikhankanywe ngokuba nayo Iziqhamo ezityiwayo nezinencasa, kunye nembewu, kodwa ayicaphukisi kakhulu. Ngumxube we musa sikkimensis y Musa 'Chini-champa'. Inamagqabi afanayo nalawa musa sikkimensis, kodwa igutyungelwe nge-wax nobomvu kuphela kumazantsi, kunye nepseudostem epinki kancinci. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nale ntlobo sinayo eli nqaku lincinci izinikele kuye.
Zininzi ezinye iintlobo zezityalo kunye neebhanana zemithi yebhanana, zombini ezitshisayo nezibandayo eziqinileyo, kodwa ezi zezona zilula ukuzifumana kwaye zinomdla kakhulu. Ndiyakumema ukuba uzame ukukhulisa nasiphi na kwezi zityalo nokuba uhlala phi, kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku lingasebenza njengesikhokelo sokuthatha isigqibo malunga neentlobo.