Ungawulwa njani umngundo wetumato?

I-Powdery mildew sisifo esibangelwa kukungunda esidala umonakalo omkhulu kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya nesityalo setumato. Nangona kunjalo, nangona inokubonakala ichasene, eneneni akunzima kakhulu ukunyanga ... okoko ifunyenwe ngexesha.

Ke ukuba uyafuna ukwazi ususa njani ukungunda umgubo kwitumato kunye / okanye indlela onokuyiphepha ngayo ukubonakala kwayo, apha ngezantsi siza kuchaza ngokweenkcukacha yonke into malunga nesi sifo.

Yintoni na?

El ukungunda okungumgubo ngundo olwahlasela amalungu omhlaba wezityalo (amagqabi, iziqu kunye neziqhamo). Iintlobo ezichaphazela izityalo zethu zetumato zaziwa ngegama lesayensi i-tauric leveillula. Kulula ukwahlula ukusukela nje ukuba ichaphazele izinto zezityalo, kungekudala zigqunywe ngengubo emhlophe ezimhlophe zibe mhlophe i-mycelium, esiyibiza ngokuba nguthuli ongwevu okanye ukungunda.

Ezona meko zilungileyo kuphuhliso lwazo ngamaqondo obushushu angama-20 ukuya kuma-25ºC kunye nokufuma okungama-50 ukuya kuma-70%. Ngesi sizathu, kusentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni apho sinokuyibona, ngokuhambelana nokutyala iitumato, ukukhula kunye nexesha lokuvuna.

Nguwuphi umonakalo / iimpawu ezibangela oko?

Umonakalo okanye iimpawu ezibangela oko zezi zilandelayo:

• Amachokoza amhlophe angumgubo kwinxalenye ephezulu yamagqabi anyuka ngokobukhulu ajike abe tyheli.
• Umgubo omhlophe emazantsi amagqabi kunye / okanye kwiziqhamo.
• Ukufa kwangoko kwamagqabi.
• Ukubanjwa kokukhula.

Unganyangeka njani umngundo wetumato?

Ukuphelisa ukungunda kwe-tomato umgubo Sincoma ukwenza oku kulandelayo:

Eyokuqala yile Chonga iimpawu zezityalo, kuba ngale ndlela siya kukwazi ukwazi ukuba ngoobani abagulayo. Nje ukuba sikwenze oku, siza kubanyanga ngefungicides esekwe kubhedu (njenge enye), nanjengoko zizezona zilungileyo kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo iimveliso zempilo esinazo namhlanje ukulwa nezi ntsholongwane.

Ke Ukuba sinezityalo kwiimbiza, kuya kuba lula ukuzithatha sizise kwenye indawo, kude nezinye izityalo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela abanye ekuyibambeni. Kananjalo, ukuba baneendawo ezichaphazelekileyo, umzekelo, ukuba baneetumato esele zithambile okanye zibolile, okanye amagqabi agcwele ukungunda, siya kuzisika ngezikere ezazifakwe iintsholongwane ngaphambili.

Ukugqiba, siza kunkcenkceshela kuphela xa kukho imfuneko yoko. Iitumato zizityalo ezifuna amanzi amaninzi; enyanisweni ehlotyeni banokufuna ukunkcenkceshelwa yonke imihla, kodwa ukugqitha kwamanzi kunokubulala. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba abakhula kuwo ube nomsele olungileyo, kwaye ukuba sinabo kwiimbiza ezinesitya esingezantsi, asigcini isitya esisoloko sigcwele amanzi.

Amagqabi akufuneki afafazwe, Ngaphandle kokuba sihlala kwindawo apho ukufuma kuphantsi, ngaphantsi kwama-50% (singakufumanisa oku ngokubonisana nayo nayiphi na iwebhusayithi yemeteorology. Umzekelo, ukuba ukwiSpain ungaya kuGoogle ngento efana nale: AEMET X (ukutshintsha iX igama ledolophu yakho okanye isixeko) emva koko kuya kufuneka unike iTheyibhile eneenkcukacha, kwaye unokubona ukuba ukufuma okuhambelana nakho kuyintoni kwindawo yakho).

Ungasusa njani ukungunda umgubo kwizityalo zetumato ngokwendalo?

Isalfure kunye nobhedu kuphela sele zilungile izinto zokungunda zendalo. Kufuneka ufefe ngaphezulu kwamagqabi, kunye nasemhlabeni ojikeleze isiqu sezityalo. Ngoku, kukwakho nezinye iimveliso zendalo onokuzisebenzisa, ezinje ngehasheetail (iyathengiswa apha), onokukhupha into ekulungele ukusetyenziswa, okanye uzenzele ngokwakho ngokulungiselela ukumiliselwa kunye nelitha yamanzi kunye ne-100 gram yesityalo. Uwushiya ubila imizuzu elishumi, emva koko uwulinde de uphole ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa.

Enye imveliso osenokuba unayo ekhaya kwaye Isoda yokubhaka iya kukunceda ekulweni umngundo we-tomato umgubo.. Le fungicide ilungileyo, ekwanayo neempawu zokulwa neentsholongwane kunye nokubola. Ukuze uyisebenzise kufuneka uxube ilitha enye yamanzi, amacephe amabini e-oyile, kunye neepunipoyi ezi-1 zebicarbonate, kwaye ufefe isityalo ngawo. Kodwa ewe, njengokuthintela kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uqale uthathe iphepha ukuze ubone ukuba liphendula njani.

Ungawuthintela umngundo ongumgubo kwitumato?

Utamatisi olungumgubo kungasishiya singenasivuno, kungoko kufuneka sithathe amanyathelo ukuthintela ukubonakala kwawo. Nangona bengenasiphoso, bayanceda ukuyithintela. Zezi zilandelayo:

• Gxotha imifuno yasendle.
• Susa amagqabi achaphazelekayo kunye / okanye iziqhamo.
• Nyanga isityalo ngemichiza yokubulala ukungunda esekwe kubhedu, esiya kuyifumana kwiivenkile zasegadini okanye kwiindawo zokugcina izilwanyana, kwakamsinya nje emva kokubona iimpawu zokuqala.
• Gcina izityalo zetumato zikhathalelwe kakuhle; Oko kukuthi, nkcenkceshela rhoqo ukuze banganxanwa kwaye babaqhamise ngezichumiso eziphilayo ngalo lonke ixesha lonyaka.
• Kwaye, ewe, akukho mfuneko yokuba sithenge iisampulu ezigulayo kuba zinokusulela ezinye.

Njengoko ubona, ukungunda kwitumato sisifo esinokuba sibi, kodwa sinokunyangwa ngeemveliso ezifanelekileyo.