ITotumo (Crescentia cujete)

Ngaba le foto uyibona ngasentla ibonakala njengemveliso ye-Photoshop? Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ngekhe uswele izizathu zokukukholelwa oko. Kodwa hayi. Yinyani. Ngumthi wetropiki obizwa ngokuba into, kwaye nangona ivelisa iziqhamo ezinomtsalane, inyani kukuba isetyenziselwa ezinye izinto ezingenanto yakwenza nokutya.

Isityalo sincinci, ukukwazi ukulinywa ngaphandle kwengxaki kwizitiya apho indawo enqabileyo inqabile, okanye kwiimbiza ezinkulu.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zetotumo

I-protagonist yethu ngumthi wemveli kwindawo ye-tropical yaseMelika enegama lesayensi I-Crescentia cujete. Iyaziwa njenge totumo okanye tecomate, kwaye Sisityalo esihlala siluhlaza esikhula ngamasebe ambalwa, kodwa singqindilili kwaye siyarhabaxa esiphela sisithsaba esibanzi. Isiqu sinegxolo elingwevu, ukusuka egudileyo ukuya kolukrwada ukuba isencinci, okanye ithe yaqhekeka ukuba indala.

Amagqabi alula, abhangisiwe, anobungakanani be-4 ukuya kwi-15 nge-1 ukuya kwi-4 iisentimitha, ngombala oluhlaza. Iintyatyambo zayo zinkulu, zimthubi ngombala, kwaye ziyantshula esiqwini okanye kumasebe amakhulu. Isiqhamo siyi-globose, nayo inkulu, malunga neesentimitha eziyi-15-17 ububanzi, ineqokobhe elilukhuni, kwaye iqulethe iimbewu ezininzi. Ikhula ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha ukuphakama.

Lufuna ntoni olu nyameko?

Ukuba ufuna ukuba nomzekelo we totumo, sicebisa ukuba unike le nkathalo ilandelayo:

sezulu

Xa siza kuthenga isityalo kubalulekile ukuba sazi ukuba siza kuphila na kwingingqi yethu, kungenjalo sinokuchitha imali ilize. Ke ngoko, ukuba into esiyifunayo yi-totumo, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba sisityalo esitshisayo, leyo inokuhlala kuphela kwiindawo ezingenayo iqabaka.

Umhlaba

• Imbiza yeentyatyamboGcwalisa umgangatho we-substrate, ocebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nomsele olungileyo. Umxube olungileyo ngu: 60% mulch + 40% perlite okanye efanayo.
• Jadini: ikhula kumhlaba ochumileyo noxutywe kakuhle. Ikwaqhelana nemihlaba enamatye.

Unkcenkceshelo

Unkcenkceshelo kufuneka lube phakathi. Itotumo sisityalo esinganyamezeliyo kwimbalela, kodwa esingakuthandiyo nokuxinana kwamanzi. Ukuthathela ingqalelo oku, Sincoma ukunkcenkceshela malunga kathathu ngeveki ngexesha lasehlotyeni, kunye ne-1-2 ngeveki unyaka wonke.

Rhoqo xa unkcenkceshela, yongeza amanzi ude uwabone ephuma kwimingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi ukuba abiwe, okanye de umhlaba ube manzi kakhulu.

Sebenzisa amanzi emvula nanini na unako, kodwa ukuba awukwazi ukuyifumana, enye inyulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ine-lime eninzi, gcwalisa isitya kunye nayo kwaye uhlale ubusuku bonke. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ungasebenzisa eyona ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha.

Umbhalisi

Ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhula (ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ehlotyeni kwindawo apho amaxesha onyaka ahlukile) kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubhatale itotumo kube kanye ngeveki okanye rhoqo ngeentsuku ezilishumi elinesihlanu iimveliso eziphilayo. Umzekelo, i-guano, i-mulch, i-worm castings okanye umgquba ovela kwizilwanyana ezitya ingca zizichumisi ezilungileyo zendalo.

Ewe, ukuba unayo embizeni, sebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi ulandela imiyalelo echazwe kwisitya. Ngale ndlela, i-drainage iya kuhlala ilungile kwaye ngekhe kubekho mngcipheko wokonakalisa iingcambu.

Ukuphindaphinda

Iphindaphindwa ngembewu entwasahlobo, ngokulandela eli nyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, batywiliselwa kwiglasi yamanzi, apho baya kuba neeyure ezingama-24. Emva kwelo xesha, ezo zihlala zidadayo ziyalahlwa njengoko zingenakuphumelela.
2. Emva koko, ibhedi yembewu izalisiwe (iimbiza, iitreyi zezithole, izikhongozeli zobisi, ...) nge-substrate yezithole (iyathengiswa apha) kwaye unkcenkceshelwa ngesazela.
3. Ukukhusela imbewu kwi-fungi, ityhefu encinci okanye isalfure ngoku ifafazwa kwi-substrate.
4. Emva koko, imbewu ibekwe phezu komhlaba, kwaye ingcwatywa kancinci.
5. Okokugqibela, ibhedi yembewu ibekwe ngaphandle, emthunzini omnyama.

Ukugcina i-substrate ifumile (ingafumani manzi) iyakuhluma malunga neentsuku ezisi-7-15 kubushushu obumalunga nama-20ºC.

Ukuthena

Ungayithengela i-totumo entwasahlobo, kususwa amasebe omileyo, agulayo, abuthathaka kunye nalawo aphukileyo. Unokuphinda usebenzise ithuba lokusika ezo zikhula kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba uyazikhulisa embizeni.

Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha

En primavera, xa obona bushushu buphantsi buli-15ºC okanye nangaphezulu.

Ukuba isembizeni, kufuneka itshintshwe ibe nkulu rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3, xa ubona ukuba iingcambu zikhula kwimingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

UTotumo akalwi nengqele okanye iqabaka. Ubushushu obusezantsi mabube ngu-10ºC, nangona ingcono ukuba iyi-15ºC.

Luluphi usebenziso olunikwa itotumo?

Inezinto ezininzi:

• Umhlobiso: Sisityalo esihle kakhulu, esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimozulu yetropiki kwizitiya, iipatio kunye namabala.
• Unyango: i-pulp kwi-decoction isetyenziselwa ukuzama ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-bronchitis, ukukhwehlela, isifuba kunye ne-urethritis.
• IzintoKwiindawo ezininzi apho ivela khona, umzekelo, eMexico okanye e-Ecuador, umququ wesiqhamo usetyenziselwa ukusela okanye ukuhambisa iziselo.

Ucinga ntoni ngalo mthi? Ubumazi?