El Isikhonkwane sephini Ngenye yeeconifers ezinokufunyanwa ngokwendalo nakweyiphi na indawo eSpain, Portugal, France, Italy okanye Morocco. Yenye yemipayini ehambelana kakuhle neemeko zokusingqongileyo kwezi ndawo, kwaye ixhasa imbalela, umhlaba onesanti, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ... ngamafutshane, sisityalo esinomdla ukuba sifuna ukuba negadi yolondolozo olusezantsi.
Le yeyona conifer ibalaseleyo yegadi, kodwa ikwasebenza njengebhonsai. Ngaba uyafuna ukuyazi ngakumbi kubunzulu? Funda ukuze ufumane zonke iimfihlo zayo.
Iimpawu zePinus pinaster
El UPinus pinaster, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-rubial pine, ipayini yaselwandle, i-rodeno pine okanye ipayini emnyama (ungadideki nayo UPinus nigra 🙂), ine indebe engaqhelekanga kunye evulekileyo, kunye neenaliti ezingqindilili nezinde eziziisentimitha ezingama-20, ezinombala oluhlaza ocacileyo, ezilungelelaniswe ngababini. Ikhula ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ifikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-35, ngesiqu somthi esifikelela kwi-60cm ubukhulu.
Ubungakanani bayo isitayile, ngesiqu phantse singenamasebe, ngaphandle kwendawo ephezulu. Ke, sisityalo esinendawo yasemoyeni engathathi ndawo ininzi, kwaye inokutyalwa kumacala omabini endlela ngaphandle kwengxaki. Iinanapile zimile ngokungqindilili, malunga ne-10-20cm ubude, kwaye malunga ne-4-6cm ububanzi, bomvu-bumdaka bomdaka xa sele zivuthiwe. Ezi zihlala emthini iminyaka eliqela de ziwe. Iintsiba zinamaphiko angama-20 ukuya kuma-25mm azivumela ukuba zihambe imigama emide ngoncedo lomoya.
Ii-subspecies ezimbini zahluliwe:
- IAtlantic: ifunyenwe eGalicia, ePortugal, nakwiiFrench Landes.
- IMeditera: Yeyona ndawo irustic, ke ihlala kwindawo enkulu usingasiqithi, eFrance, e-Itali naseMntla Afrika.
Uzikhathalela njani?
Ungathanda ukufumana iPinus pinaster? Ukuba kunjalo, nantsi isikhokelo sakho sokhathalelo:
Ubicación
Sisityalo esithi ngenxa yobungakanani baso silungele igadi kwaye asiyiyo kangako embizeni, ngaphandle kokuba siyasebenza njengebhonsai njengoko siza kubona kamva. Ukuba sifuna ukuba nayo njengesityalo sokuhombisa, Kuyimfuneko ukuba nentsimi ebanzi, apho inokutyalwa khona kumgama omncinci we-10m kulo naluphi na ulwakhiwo, umhlaba, imibhobho, njl., Njengazo zonke iipayini, ineengcambu ezinokuthi zande ngokuthe tye, zibangele umonakalo.
Kwakhona, Kufuneka ibe kwindawo apho ichaneke ngokuthe ngqo elangeni. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kuya kufuneka uyinike imini yonke.
Ukumelana neqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -5ºC.
Unkcenkceshelo
Rhoqo. Yisiqulatho esithanda ukufumana ukunkcenkceshela ngeveki, okanye ezimbini ukuba ngumzekelo omncinci. Nangeyiphi ndlela, kufuneka sikuphephe ukungena emanzini, kuba iingcambu zawo zinokubola ngokulula, kwaye sinokuphulukana nesityalo.
Umbhalisi
Akukho mfuneko. El Isikhonkwane sephini ikhula ngaphandle kwengxaki nakweyona mihlaba ihluphekayo.
Umgangatho
Akukho mabango emhlabeni, Ukuba nje inamanzi amdaka kwaye ayilo limestone.
Ukuthena
Ukuba ikhulile njengesityalo segadi, Ukuthena akukhuthazwa. Ukuthwala kwayo kuyabhalwa ngakumbi njengoko ikhula.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Ngaphandle kokuxhathisa kakhulu kwaye omnye wabafundi abalungileyo ukuba babe negadi zeMeditera, apho imvula inqabile, ihlala ichaphazeleka zizinambuzane nezifo ezininzi:
- Izinambuzane: Umngcelele wePine, i-Pine bud moth, kunye/okanye i-Pine bark weevil.
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe unyango lothintelo ekwindla nasebusika ngeoyile yokubulala izinambuzane, okanye, ukuba sele bekho, benze unyango ngamachiza okubulala izinambuzane, njenge-Inaclor 48. - Izifo: ngokusisiseko, zizinto zokungunda ezibangela ukubola, njenge I-Armillaria mellea, i I-Lophodermium pinastri okanye Acicola diplodia.
Ukuthintela ukuba bangakuchaphazeli, kufuneka ulawule ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu, uvumele umhlaba wome ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba unkcenkceshele kwakhona. Akukhathazi nokwenza unyango lokuthintela ubhedu okanye isalfure ngexesha lekwindla, ebusika nasentwasahlobo; Ehlotyeni inokuthintelwa kunye / okanye inyangwe ngesibulali ntsholongwane yokungunda.
Izala njani?
Le conifer ivelisa kuphela nge imbewu, eneepesenti yokuhluma okuphezulu, ejikeleze iipesenti ezingama-90. Kodwa ke, ukuze zihlume, kufuneka uzihlwayele kuqala, kwaye ... leliphi elona xesha lilungileyo lokuzenza? Ngentwasahlobo. Ngeli xesha amaqondo obushushu ayathandeka, ngenxa yoko anokuhluma ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka bahlwayele ngqo kwiimbiza ezinendawo yokukhula yendalo iphela, Ubeka ubuninzi bembewu ezi-2 kwimbewu nganye. Ukuze zingabhabhayi, kufuneka zigqunywe nge-substrate encinci ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshelwa. Nje ukuba zihlwayelwe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufefe kancinci ngesalfure okanye ubhedu ukunqanda isikhunta, kunye nokuthambisa i-substrate kwakhona.
Ziza kuhluma ngexesha elifutshane: ubuninzi beenyanga ezimbini. Kodwa akufuneki zigqithiselwe kwiimbiza ezinkulu okanye egadini de ingcambu zingabonwa ziphume kwimingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi, kuba ukuba bayakwenza oko ngaphambili, kunokwenzeka ukuba abayi kuphila.
UPinus pinaster Bonsai Unonophelo
Ufuna enye yale mithi, kodwa awunayo igadi. Ukwenza? Yityale kwaye uyiyeke ikhule iminyaka embalwa, ide ibe nesiqu somthi esiyi-1cm ubuncinci, okanye uthenge isithole esincinci, esimalunga ne-50cm ukuphakama kwindawo yokugcina abantwana. Ewe kunjalo, enye inketho iya kuba kukuthenga ipine bonsai esele yenziwe, kodwa ixabiso liya kuba phezulu kakhulu.
Masibone olona nyango kufuneka lubonelelwe:
- Ubicación: umthunzi omnyama (ukukhanya ngakumbi kunomthunzi), okanye ilanga elithe ngqo.
- Inkqutyana: Inokuba yi-akadama yodwa, okanye ixutywe ne-30% kiryuzuna.
- Umbhalisi: Ngentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uchumise ngezichumisi ezingamanzi, ezinje ngeguano, esebenza ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukutshintshwa: qho emva kweminyaka emi-3, ekupheleni kobusika, ukugcina inxalenye yesiqendu esidala.
- Ukuthena: ebusika, kwaye ukuba khange ifakwe kwenye indawo. Iingcambu ezishinyeneyo ziya kunqunyulwa, kwaye loo masebe akhule kakhulu. Ukubambelela kuyacetyiswa ukuze umthi uthathe amagatsha asezantsi, eya kuthi yenze ukuba icace ngakumbi. Kubalulekile ukuba uyitshize ngamanzi amatyeli aliqela ngemini kangange veki okanye ezimbini ukuze ikhawuleze ichache ngokukhawuleza.
- Iingcingo: inokwenziwa unyaka wonke, ubusika lelona xesha lilungileyo, kunye nocingo olunzima lwegeji. Ucingo kufuneka lugcinwe ubuncinci unyaka, njengoko lunamasebe aguquguqukayo.
- Uhlobo: ixhasa nasiphi na isitayile: ngokusesikweni, ukuthambeka, ukuqengqeleka, ukubethwa ngumoya ... Ulwazi oluninzi ngalo mbandela luyafumaneka eli elinye inqaku.
Sebenzisa
Le conifer isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengesityalo sokuhombisa, kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela amahlathi kwakhona, kuba ilungisa iindunduma, kwaye yenye yezimbalwa ezinokukhula kwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo. Ngesi sizathu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuyifumana kunxweme lolwandle. Kodwa, inezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo:
- Lakhe amagqabi kukhutshwa ioli yebhalsam ebalulekileyo, esetyenziselwa ukwenza iziqholo kunye neyeza.
- Ukusuka kwakhe isiqu I-resin iyakhutshwa, eya kuthi isetyenziselwe ukwenza umongo we-turpentine.
- La khonkotha Isetyenziselwa ukwenza ifanitshala, umgubo, ukugquma eludongeni, umnxeba kunye neepali ezikhanyayo.
Ucinga ntoni nge Isikhonkwane sephini?