Chilli pepper, eyona pepper ishushu

La itshilisi yipepile ekungenguye wonke umntu ongathanda ukuba nayo kwisitya sayo. I-flavour ingaba ne-spicy kakhulu, ukuya kuthi, phantse ngaphandle kokuyifuna, Umlimi udale into yokuba ukulunywa kube kanye kunokubangela ingxaki enkulu.

Nangona kunjalo, izityalo zohlobo lweCapsicum, ezizizo ezivelisa le mifuno, zinabalandeli abaninzi. Ke, Zikhula njani? 

Chili pepper iimpawu

Ichilli, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-ají okanye i-chile, Sisiqhamo seentlobo zohlobo lweCapsicum. Ezi zityalo zivela kwimimandla eshushu kunye neendawo ezitshisayo zaseMelika, kwaye zinokuba yintsholongwane okanye ityholo, elinomjikelo oqhelekileyo wonyaka, nangona iimeko zilungile zingaphila iminyaka eliqela.

Ikhula ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2-4m. Zineziqu ezinamagatsha, zodwa okanye zichasene nama 4-12cm amagqabi amade, kunye nepetioles. Iintyatyambo zihluma kwiindawo ezinamagqabi ngesiqu, kwaye zenziwa ziipetali ezi-4-5 (ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye / okanye isilimo) ngombala omhlophe, omthubi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omfusa okanye umbala we-bicolor.

Isiqhamo, oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-chilli pepper, yinyama engenamngxuma ethi xa ivuthiwe yajika yaba tyheli, orenji, bomvu okanye mfusa ezinokulinganisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15cm ubude. Imbewu icabaleleke kwaye bumthubi.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili kunye nezilimo

Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu ezilinywe ngokukodwa, ezi:

• Capsicum: ezibandakanya izilimo ezaziwayo njengecayenne, jalapeño okanye chile de arbol.
• capsicum baccatum: kubandakanya utyheli lwase Mzantsi Melika.
• IsiTshayina seCapsicum: ezibandakanya ezona zibalaseleyo, ezinje ngehabanero okanye naga jolokia.
• Iifapscens zeCapsicum: kubandakanya i-malagueta okanye iliso lentaka.
• ICapsicum pubecens: kubandakanya iiRocotos zoMzantsi Merika kunye nomthi weapile okhuliswe eMexico.

Kutheni i-spice kangaka?

Kukho iipepile ezingatshisiyo, kwaye kukho nezinye ezishushu kakhulu. Yintoni le? Kwinto ebizwa ngokuba capsaicin, egxile kwinxalenye emhlophe engaphakathi kwesiqhamo, kwiivenkile ezincinci. Nangona kufumaneke iikhompawundi ezilishumi ezahlukeneyo, le yeyona irches kakhulu.

Kuxhomekeka kwindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokulima, nkqu nakumntu ngokwakhe, iya kuluma ngakumbi okanye ilume kancinci. I-Scoville Scale ngumlinganiselo wendlela iipepile ezishushu ezisekwe kubungakanani be-capsaicin equlathe zona. Yabizwa ngo-1912 ngu-Wilbur Scoville, owaphuhlisa uvavanyo lwe-Scoville Organoleptic, oluqukethe ukuxuba isicatshulwa emanzini eswekile kude kube yinto enqabileyo ukubonwa yikomiti yabavavanyi ihlala inamalungu amahlanu.

Umzekelo, i-jalapeno pepper ine-5000 kwisikali, oko kuthetha ukuba isicatshulwa sachithwa ukuya kumaxesha angama-5000.

Ikhuliswa njani?

Ukukhulisa esi sityalo kulula ngokwenene, njengoko uza kubona ngezantsi:

Ukuhlwayela

Imbewu yeetshilisi kufuneka ityalwe entwasahlobo ebhedini. Kananjalo, ungasebenzisa itreyi yesithole, iimbiza zeentyatyambo, iyogathi okanye izikhongozeli zobisi, ... Nokuba sithatha ntoni, kufuneka ibenomngxuma wokutsala amanzi.

Nje ukuba ibhedi yembewu ikhethwe, kufuneka senze oku kulandelayo:

1. Eyokuqala yile yigcwalise ngesixhobo esikhulayo jikelele (okanye igadi) esiza kuyifumana siyithengisa nakweyiphi na indawo yokugcina abantwana.
2. Emva sibeka imbewu ngaphezulu kushiya umgama weesentimitha ezintathu phakathi kwabo.
3. Ke sizogquma kancinci, ngokwaneleyo ukuze umoya ungabakhupheli kude.
4. Ngoku sibeka isithole kwitreyi okanye kwipleyiti.
5. Kwaye ekugqibeleni sinkcenkceshela ngezantsiOko kukuthi, ukuhambisa amanzi ukuya ngaphakathi kwitreyi okanye ipleyiti.

Imbewu iya kuhluma iveki yonke.

Ukutshintshwa

Xa izityalo zifikelele kubude obumalunga ne-10cm, singazitshintshela kwiimbiza ezizodwa okanye egadini. Uqhubeka njani kwimeko nganye?:

Ukufakelwa kwembiza

1. Sizikhupha ngononophelo kumandlalo wembewu. Kwimeko yamalungu amabini, sinokususa ngononophelo i-substrate kwiingcambu kwaye sahlule.
2. Ngoku sigcwalisa imbiza, ekufuneka ubuncinci ubuncinci ibeyi-30cm ubukhulu, kunye nenkcubeko yendalo exutywe ne-30% ye-perlite.
3. Ke ngeminwe yakho okanye ngentonga encinci, senza umngxuma embindini. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibe nzulu kakhulu, yanele ngokwaneleyo ukuba isityalo sikwazi ukulingana kakuhle, oko kukuthi, akukho phezulu kakhulu okanye phantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nomphetho wesikhongozeli.
4. Emva koko, satyala isityalo.
5. Ekugqibeleni, sinkcenkceshela kakuhle kwaye siyibeka kwindawo enokukhanya okuninzi kodwa apho sinokukhuselwa elangeni ngqo kude kube kubonakala ukukhula.

Ukutyala egadini

1. Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka Ukulungisa indawo. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ususe amatye kunye nengca, kwaye ufake inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela yokunkcenkceshela.
2. Ngoku sinokutyala iichillies kwimiqolo, kushiya umgama omalunga ne-40cm phakathi kwabo.
3. Emva koko, sizinkcenkceshela ngokuqhutywa sisazela, ukuwuthambisa kakuhle umhlaba.
4. Kucetyiswa ukuba ikhule kakuhle beka umaleko malunga ne-2cm ubukhulu bomgquba womgquba, njengoko umgquba.

Ulungiso

Ngoku ekubeni izithole zikwindawo zazo zokugqibela, kufuneka sazi ukuba zingakhathalelwa njani. Ukuze kungabikho ngxaki, sicebisa oku kulandelayo:

• Unkcenkceshelo: ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube rhoqo, amaxesha ama-3-4 ngeveki.
• Umbhalisi: njengoko zizityalo ezineziqhamo ezisetyenziselwa ukutyiwa ngabantu, kufuneka zihlawulwe ngezichumiso eziphilayo. Ukuba basezimbizeni, ezo zithengiswa ngendlela engamanzi ziya kusetyenziswa ukuze i-drainage iqhubeke ilungile; Kwelinye icala, ukuba basegadini, ungasebenzisa izichumisi ezingumgubo.
• Ukuthena: Ayisiyomfuneko.

Ukuvuna

Ukuvuna nini iichilli pepper iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesityalo kunye nesidiliya, kodwa ngokubanzi sinokuqala ukuzivuna. Iinyanga ezi-3-4 emva kokuhlwayela, xa benombala wokugqibela.

Kwaye oku sigqibile. Ngaba uyifumene inomdla? 🙂