Unayo iavokhado ekhaya? Ngaba ubungomnye wabo bakwazileyo ukususa isityalo seavokhado emathanjeni kwaye ngoku usonwabela isityalo osincamisayo kwaye awufuni kwenzeke nto kuso? Ke kubalulekile ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni izifo zeavokhado ukubathintela kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, ukwazi indlela yokwenza ngokuchasene nabo.
Okulandelayo, siza kuthetha nawe nganye nganye ukuze wazi ukuba inaziphi na iimpawu, ingaba iyichaphazela njani iavokhado kunye nento onokuyenza ukuyinqoba kwaye uncede isityalo sakho siphinde sibuye. Ziphose kuyo!
Ezona zifo zine avocado
Ukuthetha ngesifo ngasinye seavokhado, kunye nezitshabalalisi zaso, akunakuphela, kuba sisityalo, ngelishwa, esihlaselwa zizitshabalalisi kunye nezifo ezininzi. Kodwa sinokukuxelela ukuba ziziphi ezona ziqhelekileyo nezimbi ke uyayazi indlela yokwenza.
IPhytophthora cinnamomi
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba awukasivanga esi sifo ngeli gama, esi sisidalwa esihlasela sona, kodwa uyakuqhelana noko kubizwa ngokuba "lusizi lweavokhado." Ingxaki echaphazela ikakhulu iingcambu zomthi kwaye inokwenzeka nanini na.
Oku kungenxa ye-oomycetes, into leyo ivelisa i-liquid, i-chestnut inki, ihlasela iingcambu. Ngayo inyukela embindini womthi kwaye ifa ngaphandle kwonyango.
Uya kuqaphela ntoni kumthi weavokhado? Ewe, awuyi kubona iingcambu ezibolileyo, kodwa uya kuqala ukuqaphela iklorosis kumagqabi, ayayeka, akakhuli kwaye ajike abe tyheli. Kuya kubakho nokuchaneka, kuba amagqabi ayakuwa kwaye, phezulu, uyakuqaphela ukuba umthi umile kwaye ubonakala ngathi uyafa.
Ngaba inokusindiswa? Ewe, nangona ibonwa njengesinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu zeavokhado, inyani kukuba inokusindiswa. Kule nto unokusebenzisa i-fungicides ehlasela le fungus. Olunye ukhetho kukuzikhusela, oko kukuthi, izichumiso ezikunika izondlo eziyimfuneko ukulwa esi sifo. Uninzi lusebenzisa zombini amayeza ukuqinisa ngakumbi umthi.
Ukukhala kwePeduncle
Sihamba nesinye sezifo zeavokhado, esinye asichaphazeli umthi kuphela, kodwa nawo loo mafama anelahleko enkulu yezoqoqosho xa oku kusenzeka.
Ingxaki eyenzeka xa iziqhamo zikhula. Kwenzeka ntoni kuye? Ewe, kuba iqhotyoshelwe kwi-peduncle, ebangela ukuba isiqhamo sibe nesilonda setyhula, kwindawo yomanyano nayo.
Ingxaki yile Ingabangela, hayi ukuba iziqhamo ziwe ngaphambili, kodwa ngobuhle ayisiyiyo "intle" kwaye ezo ziqhamo azithengiswa.
Ukuthintela oku, ekuphela kwento onokwazi ngayo sisiqhamo sokuzibamba ngexesha kunye nokuthintela loo ringi ukuba ingenzi.
I-anthracnose
Esi sifo se-avocado sibangelwa ngomnye umngundo. Imalunga nayo IiColletotrichum gloesporoides kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke ihlasela iisampulu ezincinci, kunye namahlumela, iziqhamo, amasebe kunye neentyatyambo.
Ibangela ntoni? Uya kubona ukuba umthi weavokhado uqala ukuba namabala amnyama kunye namanxeba, anzulu kangangokuba uhlala ubola apho akhoyo. Kwimeko yesiqhamo, siyabonakala xa sikhula, kwaye sinokuba phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-0,5 ukuya kwezi-3. Ekuqaleni la mabala ayatshona, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuba akukho sixhobo sisetyenzisiweyo, amabala aya esiba makhulu kwaye adibane aphele ngesiqhamo. Kuyafana nange-avocado.
Ngaba iyanyangeka? Ewe, kodwa okokuqala kufuneka uyazi ukuba isizathu sokuba le fungus ibonakale ngenxa yokuba ukufuma okuphezulu. Ke enye yezenzo zokuqala kukuyeka ukunkcenkceshela. Emva koko kuyakufuneka ukuba uthabathe imingxunya yokungunda etyebileyo kubhedu, enjengesalfure, ioksaylorhloride yobhedu, njl. Ehlasela ukungunda. Kubalulekile ukuthena amagqabi, amasebe kunye nenxalenye yomthi eneempawu zesi sifo ukukhupha ingxaki ezingcanjini zawo kwaye ungagqithisi phambili.
Ukhwekhwe
Ukhwekhwe lubangelwa ngundo I-Sphaceloma persea kunye nokuhlaselwa ngakumbi iziqu, amagqabi kunye neziqhamo (oku ngalo naliphi na ixesha lophuhliso lwayo).
Kwenzeka ntoni kumthi weavokhado? Ewe uyakuyibona loo nto amagqabi ajika amdaka ngombala, kwaye baqala ukungena kwimilo yecephe. Kwimeko yeziqhamo, uya kubona amanxeba ajikelezileyo nalawo angafaniyo amdaka ngombala, ngokungathi abonakala ngokhokho, kwaye ayancamathela ngaphandle. Xa ezininzi zidibanisa zenza uhlobo lwe-crust.
Ngaba ingasuswa? Ewe, kule nto, kusetyenziselwa ukungunda komngundo phambi kokuba umthi uqhakaze. Elinye inyathelo kukuthena umthi ukuze ukuvumele ukuba utye umoya kwaye ungene umoya.
Indawo emnyama
Ebangelwa ngundo ICercospora purpura CookeOku kuhlasela ngakumbi amagqabi, kubangele ukuba bawe kwiavokhado. Kwimeko yeziqhamo, ayizukubangela ukuba babe namabala amnyama kuphela eluswini, kodwa iya kubanakho ukukrazula i-rind kwaye ayilungelanga ukuthengiswa.
Ibangela ntoni? Emagqabini, uya kubona ukuba ziqala ukujika zibe mdaka, kwiingcebiso, kwaye oko Ibala lisasazeka de ligubungele ngokupheleleyo iphepha kwaye ekugqibeleni lililahle kude. Kwiziqhamo, amabala amdaka okanye amnyama aneziphetho ezingaqhelekanga, ngamanye amaxesha ezivula ulusu lweavokhado.
Ngaba iyanyangeka? Ewe, ngokusebenzisa i-fungicides esekwe kubhedu.
Ukugula
Masihambe nesinye sezifo zeavokhado. Kule meko ichaphazela eminye imithi kunye nezityalo, isifo sexoshomba, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumgubo omhlophe.
Ibangela ntoni? Uya kubona ukuba a ibala elimhlophe, ngokungathi luthuli. Ingxaki kukuba iqala ukuhlasela amagqabi, ibangele ukuba bazisongele ngokwabo kwaye bakhubeke. Inyathelo elilandelayo kukuba kuvela amabala amnyama angaqhelekanga. Iintyatyambo neziqhamo ziyawa kwaye umthi awusasebenzi.
Ngaba inonyango? Ewe, ukongeza kwimichiza yokubulala ukungunda esekwe kubhedu, ukwanazo ne-nitrophenol-based, enceda kungekuphela nje ukulwa nesifo, kodwa nokusithintela.
U-Laurel ufuna
Nangona kuyinto engaqhelekanga, ngegama lesi sifo, kufuneka sikuxelele ukuba ewe, ayichaphazeli i-laurel kuphela, kodwa ikwachaphaza. Ityala lazo zonke ukungunda, Raffaelea sp. inoxanduva lokuthintela ukuhamba kwamanzi. Oko kukuthi, uthintela umthi ekubeni ungazondli, ngohlobo lokuba amagqabi aqale ukubuna.
Uqaphela ntoni kumthi weavokhado? Uya kubona ukuba isityalo siqala ukuba namabala amdaka okanye abomvu emagqabini kwaye nokuba ungankcenkceshela kangakanani, umthi unazo zonke iimpawu zokoma.
Ngaba iyanyangeka? Hayi… Kule meko, ukuba umthi unesifo kwaye sele ubolile, kungcono ukuwugawula kwaye uwutshise. ukuze ingachaphazeli eminye imithi. Into enokwenziwa kukuzama ukunqanda ukusasazeka kweebhungane ze-ragweed, ezizezona zisasaza ukungunda ngamasebe kunye namagqabi e-avocado.
I-avovoc nayo ikhathazwa zizitshabalalisi
Ukongeza kwizifo zeavokhado esizikhankanyileyo, kukho izinambuzane ezilinganayo okanye eziyingozi ngakumbi kunezo sizibonileyo.
Zezi:
- Isiqhamo seMeditera siyabhabha.
- Iithrips.
- Izilwanyana ezinama-Ambrosial.
- Isikulufa.
- Mealybugs.
Ngaba uyazazi izitshabalalisi kunye nezifo ezingakumbi zeavokhado?